Glucosinolate aglucones and analogues: insecticidal properties and a QSAR

Naturally occurring aglucones of three glucosinolates (sinigrin, glucotropaeolin, and epi-progoitrin) were tested for fumigation activity against the house fly, Musca domestica, and the lesser grain borer, Rhizopertha dominica. A total of eight natural aglucones were evaluated in the bioassays. Two aglucones of sinigrin showed efficacy against both species which was comparable with that of a commercial fumigant, chloropicrin. None of the aglucones tested was comparable in activity to dichlorvos. Aglucones of glucotropaeolin were also insecticidal, but not to the same level as the sinigrin aglucones. The aglucones of epi-progoitrin were only slightly effective as fumigants. A quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) was developed for synthetic analogues of the sinigrin and glucotropaeolin aglucones. An electronic parameter, σ*, provided the best predictor of activity in R. dominica, whereas a hydrophobicity parameter, π, best predicted activity in M. domestica. © 1998 Society of Chemical Industry     

沙棘果中黄酮糖苷和黄酮配基的测定

本文对沙棘果用甲醇进行了提取和盐酸催化的水解实验,采用HPLC方法测定了提取液和水解液中的黄酮配基含量.实验证明:用甲醇在室温下提取26 h,每克果粉得到槲皮素0.025 mg,山奈素0.015 mg,异鼠李素0.035 mg;而用盐酸对果粉水解3 h;每克果粉能得到槲皮素0.383 mg,山奈素0.025 mg,异鼠李素0.992 mg.提取的黄酮配基的数量分别是水解的6.52%,60.2%和3.52%.由此可见,沙棘果中的黄酮配基主要是以黄酮糖苷的形式存在,在水解过程中可由糖苷经水解反应形成,对槲皮素和异鼠李素尤其如此.