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The method "Material Flow Analysis (MFA)" is one of the effective tools to study law and quantification of material flow between economic system and ecological system. On the national level, economy-wide material flow analysis has been published for a number of countries. However, published studies on the regional or local level are still very limited and a standardized method does not exist yet. On the basis of framework of Material Flow Analysis proposed by Eurostat, the paper collected related data and analyzed material input and output for the Chengyang district in Qingdao. The results showed that DMI (Direct Material Input) and TMR (Total Material Requirement) in absolute number increased about 3.6 and 3.9 times, respectively from 1995 to 2004. Fossil fuel and mineral contributed to about 50.3%-76.3% of DMI. Imports of material increased about 5.0 times and became the most important Contributor to DMI, which showed that local economic growth was highly dependent on resources from other regions and countries. DPO (Domestic Processed Output) and TDO (Total Domestic Output) represent slow increasing trend, and DPO contributed to 22.2%-58.1% of TDO, suggesting local hidden flows were of obvious effect on TDO. The biggest component of DPO is CO2, approximately accounting for 90% of DPO. The material productivity increased 57.7% in last decade, reflecting improvement of efficiency of resources utilization in some extent. However, compared to developed countries and regions, material productivity of Chengyang district was relatively low. Therefore, in order to promote the sustainability, it is essential to develop circular economy and enhance materials productivity. 相似文献
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选取12头体重相近(274.8±11.18 kg),16月龄左右的延边黄牛(公牛),随机分成2组,每组6头,分别饲喂全价混合饲料(TMR)和粗精分离饲料(对照组).结果表明,饲养92 d后,牛肉中酪氨酸含量TMR组显著高于对照组(P<0.05),其它各种氨基酸含量2组间无显著差异(P>0.05);牛肉中棕榈酸、棕榈油酸的含量TMR组均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),其它各种脂肪酸含量2组间差异不显著(P>0.05). 相似文献
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集约化饲养模式下巴美肉羊与小尾寒羊产肉性能的比较研究 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
为研究集约化饲养模式下巴美肉羊与小尾寒羊的生长性能、屠宰性能及肉品质指标,试验选择4月龄体况良好、体重相近的巴美肉羊和小尾寒羊公羔各10只,按品种分为2组,饲喂以精粗质量比为50∶50(干物质基础)的全混合日粮(TMR)。测定各试验羊饲养120d期间的相关生长性能指标和相关屠宰性能及肉品质指标。结果表明:1)巴美肉羊的干物质采食量、试验末体重、总增重和日增重均极显著高于小尾寒羊(P0.01);2)巴美肉羊宰前活重(P0.01)、热胴体重(P0.05)和眼肌面积(P0.05)均显著高于小尾寒羊,而屠宰率则显著低于小尾寒羊(P0.01);3)巴美肉羊背最长肌宰后45min的pH(P0.05)、宰后1h的红色度(a*)和黄色度(b*)(P0.01)以及宰后24h的红色度(a*)(P0.05)等指标均显著高于小尾寒羊,而巴美肉羊背最长肌的剪切力、滴水损失和蒸煮损失等指标显著低于小尾寒羊(P0.05)。由此可见,在以TMR日粮为主要饲喂方式的集约化饲养模式下,巴美肉羊比小尾寒羊能发挥更高的生产性能并生产出品质更佳的羊肉。 相似文献
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TMR技术在奶牛场应用效果分析 总被引:4,自引:2,他引:2
利用陕西省DHI中心提供的综合分析报告,对影响奶牛产奶量和牛奶质量较大的几项指标进行了统计分析,结果表明:TMR技术对提高乳脂率、产奶量,降低体细胞数,有明显的积极作用, 相似文献
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为探究全混合日粮(TMR)饲养条件下奶牛瘤胃发酵参数的变化规律,以3头装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的中国荷斯坦奶牛为试验动物,采用TMR饲养,测定了瘤胃24h挥发性脂肪酸(VFA)浓度及pH值。结果表明:在TMR条件下,试验奶牛瘤胃液pH值的变化范围为5.86~6.51,各时间点之间差异不显著(P>0.05);乙酸浓度、丙酸浓度、丁酸浓度变动范围分别为69.62~85.71mmol/L、19.33~25.91mmol/L、10.44~14.02mmol/L,且3种VFA出现最高浓度和最低浓度的时间点均为20:00和08:00;乙酸/丙酸值的变动范围为3.31~3.61,且在20:00比值最小,在8:00比值最大。综合分析显示,TMR技术有利于奶牛瘤胃丙酸型发酵,提高生产效益。 相似文献
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[目的]分析肉牛场不同牛群全混合日粮(TMR)的粒度和饲料消化率。[方法]在固原市瑞科丰农牧科技有限公司选取西门塔尔牛犊牛、母牛、育肥牛各120头作为试验牛群,对照组和试验组各60头,试验组日粮中添加酵母培养物AYC-X6,对照组未添加。[结果]结果表明,断奶犊牛和育肥牛TMR日粮粒度第2层比例最高分别为51.60%,52.9%。母牛第1,2,3层比例基本相同,在20.30%~21.85%之间。犊牛日粮中添加酵母培养物AYC-X6后第1,2层筛上物合计35%,比例下降,说明犊牛消化程度增加,消化率提高。育肥牛日粮第1,2层筛上物合计分别为64%,48%,分别比对照组降低8%,24%。[结论]肉牛TMR日粮粒度越大,粗饲料越长,过瘤胃速度越慢;育肥前期粗饲料长度为2.5 cm,育肥后期粗饲料长度3.5 cm。断奶犊牛和育肥牛日粮中添加酵母培养物AYC-X6提高了饲料消化率。 相似文献