越野汽车机械自动变速器换挡规律的自适应控制

针对越野汽车载荷变化大、路况复杂而又要具有机动灵活的特点,利用自适应控制技术所建立的自适应控制器,对实际行车状况的油门、车速和冲击度进行在线估计。根据得到的实际的车辆负荷度,按照已经建立的最小和最大负荷度下的机械自动变速器换挡控制规律,通过线性插值法,建立适应实际行车状况的换挡规律,实现换挡规律的自适应控制。     

Relationship of blood corticosterone, immunoglobulin and haematological values in young crocodiles (Crocodylus porosus) to water temperature, clutch of origin and body weight

Objective To examine whether sub-optimal temperature induced stress and immunosuppression in farmed saltwater crocodile (Crocodylus porosus) hatchlings. Design A clinico-pathological study. Animals A total of 140 hatchlings were used. Procedure Body weight and length, plasma corticosterone and immunoglobulin concentrations and total and differential white blood cell counts were measured in 140 hatchlings from five clutches divided between five water temperature treatment groups. Initially all groups were housed at 32°C for 10 weeks, then two groups (L, LC) were changed to low temperature (28°C) and two groups (H, HC) to high temperature (36°C), while one group (C) remained at 32°C. The LC and HC groups were maintained at these temperatures for 10 days, after which the water temperature of both groups was returned to 32°C. Blood samples were collected twice (at 6 and 9 weeks of age) before the initial temperature change, and at 10 days and 4 weeks after the initial temperature change (at 11.5 and 14 weeks of age). Results Except for an increase in plasma corticosterone in the HC group and a decrease in the L group when the temperature change was first introduced, changes in plasma corticosterone were not significant. There were no significant changes in immunoglobulin concentrations. There were, however, significant decreases in the total white cell and lymphocyte counts in the LC group after the temperature was decreased to 28°C, and an increase in these counts after water temperature was returned to 32°C. Clutch of origin had significant effects on body weight and length gains, and there were negative relationships between body weight and corticosterone concentrations and between body weight and immunoglobulin concentrations. Conclusions As haematological changes indicative of stress were not associated with significant changes in serum corticosterone, immunosuppression in young crocodiles may be independent of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal cortical axis.     

拖拉机离合器接合过程仿真

建立了拖拉机起步过程中机组、发动机、离合器和机组阻力矩的数学模型。在此基础上对离合器的接合过程进行了动态仿真,计算出离合器接合任意时刻的发动机角速度、离合器从动盘角速度、离合器摩擦力矩以及离合器拼命过程的冲击度和滑摩功。     

SUV车自动变速器换挡规律的研究

根据发动机和液力变矩器的工作特性图,找出两者匹配时的工作点。在此基础上以相邻两挡加速度相等为换挡点,推导出了发动机和液力变矩器共同工作时换挡规律的理论模型。并根据此理论模型进行仿真,得出了自动变速器的换挡规律图。得出的结果对进一步研究换挡延迟等特性有重要的参考价值。     

双离合器自动变速器液压阀体强度分析

采用六面体单元对双离合器自动变速器液压阀体进行网格划分,并约束螺栓孔内壁节点,对油道内壁施加均布载荷,通过静力分析获得液压阀体的应力分布及其最大应力,据此对液压阀体强度进行校核,并在强度分析基础上对阀体进行轻量化设计。     

芥菜型油菜黄黑种皮多酚差异的紫外-可见光谱研究

以芥菜型自交系黄黑油菜种皮为材料,研究了其多酚提取液的紫外-可见吸收光谱, 测定了芥菜型油菜黄黑种皮样以没食子酸和茶儿茶素标准计的多酚含量,发现黄种皮的多酚含量约为黑种皮的90%,显著区别于甘蓝型油菜的10%,因此多酚含量高可能是芥菜型黄籽油菜性状稳定的根本内因。基于香草醛试验,推测黑种皮中含有3-OH的黄烷醇类多酚,而黄种皮中没有。基于加入位移试剂后特征吸收谱带Ⅰ与Ⅱ的位移方向与大小,推测黄酮醇类多酚A环在黄种皮中可能主要为单酚羟基,而在黑种皮中可能主要为邻二酚羟基结构。这种多酚分子的结构差异可能是形成芥菜型油菜黄黑种皮色泽差异的主要原因。     

改革开放以来甘肃省产业结构效益分析

根据1978～2008年有关甘肃省三次产业的时间序列数据,在产业结构效益分析方法综述的基础上,应用比较劳动生产率、产业结构偏离度和偏离-份额分析模型,从不同角度对改革开放以来甘肃产业结构效益进行了研究。结果表明,甘肃第一、三产业比较劳动生产率较小,而第二产业较大;产业结构偏差系数较大,产业结构与就业结构极不对称;朝阳产业比重较大,对经济增长的贡献较大,但三次产业竞争力都相对较弱,有待进一步提高。     

单刀草坪割草机采用电磁式离合制动器的设想

在分析市场上单刀草坪割草机相关技术的基础上,设计了一种电磁式刀片离合制动多功能离合器。本文详细介绍了该离合器的工作原理,重点进行了结构设计和应用研究,结果表明该离合器离合响应速度快、制动效果好,且有过载保护功能。     

制动状态下的AMT换挡策略

根据车辆动力学及发动机辅助制动特性研究了制动状态下AMT自动换挡策略。研究了高强度制动状况下在挡辅助制动对前、后轴利用附着系数的影响，获得了符合相关国家标准的换入空挡的临界车速。中强度持续制动可以识别为下长坡的运行工况，定义了辅助制动的等效制动强度，在分析试验数据的基础上给出了根据制动强度和车速2个参数的主动降挡辅助制动换挡规律。     

基于转速信号的履带车辆主离合器控制策略

在详细分析主离合器接合过程控制目标及自适应要求的基础上,提出了一种基于转速信号的AMT车辆主离合器控制策略。将该控制策略应用于某履带车辆的主离合器控制,并进行了实车试验。以冲击度和滑摩功为评价指标,对试验结果进行了分析。结果表明,基于转速信号的主离合器控制策略具有广泛的适应性,在多种条件下均能保证车辆平稳、快捷地起步。