Analysis of QTL for Seed Dormancy and Their Response to Dry Heat Treatment in Rice(Oryza sativa L.)

Quantitative trait loci(QTL)controlling seed dormancy in rice were identified using recombinant inbred lines(RILs)population derived from the cross between a japonica variety Kinmaze and an indica variety DV85. Seeds of two parental cultivars and each RIL were harvested in 35d after heading.. The germination percentage of these seeds at 30℃for 7 days were measured as the degree of seed dormancy.. QTL analysis was performed with Windows QTL Cartographer 1.13a program by composite interval mapping.. A total of four QTL for seed dormancy were detected on chromosome 2(two regions),5 and 11,respectively.Phenotypic variation explained by each QTL ranged from 8.37 to 17.40%.. Responses of such loci to a dormancy-breaking treatment with dry heat were further detected. The results showed that two alleles of qDOR-2-1 and qDOR-5 from DV85 as well as the allele of qDOR11 from Kinmaze increased the seed dormancy,which seemed to be easily broken by dry heat treatment. Such loci of seed dormancy may be applied to rice genetic improvement.The allele of qDOR-2-2 from DV85 increased the seed dormancy,which could not be broken by dry heat treatment.     

木薯化感作用研究初报

以木薯（Manihot esculenta Crantz）为供体,萝卜（Raphanus sativus L．）、黑麦草（Lolium perenne L．）、菜心（Brassi cacampestds L．）、生菜（Lactuca Satlva L．）、绿豆（Phaseolus radiatus L．）和黄瓜（Cucumis sativus L．）为受体,采用生测检验的方法,分别研究了木薯新鲜叶片和枯萎叶片的水浸提液对受体植物种子的萌发和幼苗生长的影响。结果表明,鲜叶的水浸提液除了浓度为0．0125g·mL^-1时对菜心幼苗的苗高有促进作用以外,其他浓度对受体植物的种子萌发和幼苗生长指标都呈现抑制作用,且随着浓度的增加而增强。木薯枯叶的水浸提液对受体种子的萌发和生长表现为高抑低促作用,但促进作用并非随溶液浓度减小而增加,而是在某个浓度表现出最佳促进效应。木薯鲜叶水浸提液对各受体植物的化感综合效应表现出的抑制效果要明显强于木薯枯叶水浸提液。     

小麦品种对增强UV-B辐射响应的RAPD分析

在前一研究结果的基础上,选用8个对UV-B辐射耐受性不同的小麦品种(4个耐性品种和4个敏感品种),进一步对其进行RAPD分析。结果表明,8个小麦品种间存在着明显的遗传多态性。聚类分析显示,在遗传距离为0.35的水平上,可将它们明显区分出耐性和敏感两大类,这与其生长响应指数(RI)的判定结果基本一致。4个耐性品种共同具有1500bp(OPA-12)的特征谱带,这一分子标记可能与小麦耐UV-B辐射相关,有待进一步研究。     

Comparisons of quantitative trait locus mapping properties between two methods of recombinant inbred line development

Theoretical comparisons for quantitativetrait loci (QTL) mapping properties wereconducted among simulated recombinantinbred (RI) populations developed bysingle-hill (SH), complete bulk, and singleseed descent (SSD) procedures by MonteCarlo simulations based on variouspopulation sizes, heritabilities, and QTLeffects. Our simulations includedestimation of QTL effects, QTL positions,and statistical testing power in the RIpopulations by comparing the estimates withpreset values. The simulation resultsshowed that the single hill (SH) bulk andsingle seed descent RI populations weregenerally not significantly different withrespect to quality of estimated QTL effectsand positions. Furthermore, when each RIpopulation had 150 lines, each couldprovide desirable properties for QTLmapping. The results implied that a SH RIpopulation consisting of 75 or moreF₂-derived families with two lines perfamily (corresponding population size of150 or above) was appropriate for QTLmapping and was not significantly differentthan a SSD RI population of 150. Thus, theSH method could be used to develop largenumbers of RI lines for achieving betterresults in QTL mapping. Simulations alsoshowed that there was no significantdifference between means using SH methodswith 10 and 100 fruits per family. However, RI populations developed by thecomplete bulk method where F₂identities are lost were not suitable forQTL mapping.     

试论《焦氏易林》的易学建构

作为汉代经学兴盛时期的诠《易》佳著，《焦氏易林》将《周易》六十四卦演化为四千〇九十六卦、配以四千〇九十六林辞，以独特的文本形式和筮占应用显示其卓异的易学建构。一方面，《易林》融《诗经》《易经》于一体，因易象立文辞、以文辞释卦象，创造出万象缤纷、运舞不休的易象世界；另一方面，《易林》揭橥易象世界之中的恒常天道与非常之变，呈现为六十四卦值日以及四千〇九十六个之卦的易学文本形式，而每一次筮占操作则成为激活《易林》文本的生存论契机。《易林》以六十四卦值日的卦气说统摄纷纭活泼的易象世界，这种易学创制是《周易》在汉代天人之学背景下的创造性诠释，是汉代易学的杰出典范，值得深入研究。     

25个湖南、陕西茯砖茶样品挥发性成分的HS-SPME－GC-MS分析

【目的】分析湖南和陕西两个产区25个茯砖茶样品挥发性物质组成,为茯砖茶的鉴定、香气成分研究提供基础。【方法】采用顶端固相微萃取法(HS-SPME)结合气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS)进行25个湖南、陕西茯砖茶样品挥发性成分的提取、鉴定,并利用保留指数(RI)对其进行定性、定量和比对分析。【结果】25个茯砖茶样品共鉴定出102种挥发性化合物,其中A类陕西茯砖茶挥发性成分主要为醇类(38.47%)、酯类(28.49%),B类陕西茯砖茶和C类湖南茯砖茶以酮类、醛类、醇类为主,平均相对含量分别为21.62%,16.29%,17.33%(B类)和26.30%,16.62%,12.78%(C类)。形成"菌花香"的关键成分包括呈药草香的水杨酸甲酯,呈木香、花果香的芳樟醇及其氧化物,呈紫罗兰香气、木香的α-紫罗兰酮和β-紫罗兰酮,呈玫瑰香和果香的香叶基丙酮、香叶醇,具有陈味的5,6-环氧-β-紫罗兰酮和呈木香的二氢-β-紫罗兰酮等。【结论】A类陕西茯砖茶与其他样品差别显著,其余陕西、湖南茯砖茶无明显地域差别,挥发性物质组成比较接近。     

杉木无性系结实强度的遗传变异

首次以结实强度为指标,评价杉木种子园无性系的结实能力,以利提高无性系再选择的准确性。结果表明杉木无性系结实强度具有较高的重复系数,单株为０．２５０－０．４７７,无性系为０．５００－０．７３３,为中等遗传控制,无性系间ＣＶ３６．３３％－１２１．８１％,无性系内分株间为２７．２７％－６２．７３％,系间变异大于系内变异。可提高无性系结实能力评价精度和无性系再选择的可靠性。     

PATHOLOGIC CORRELATION OF RESISTIVE AND PULSATILITY INDICES IN CANINE ABDOMINAL LYMPH NODES

We assessed the ability of the resistive index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI) to allow differentiation between normal, reactive, and neoplastic lymph nodes. Forty-seven medial iliac and 54 mesenteric lymph nodes from 83 dogs were evaluated sonographically. A cytologic sample was obtained in each dog that allowed categorization into one of the categories defined above. We found a significant difference in the RI and PI in nonneoplastic vs. neoplastic medial iliac and mesenteric lymph nodes. Values higher than 0.67 for the RI and 1.02 for the PI in medial iliac lymph nodes and higher than 0.76 for the RI and 1.23 for the PI in mesenteric lymph nodes had a high sensitivity and specificity for differentiating benign from neoplastic lymph nodes.     

Cyto-nuclear discordance in the genetic relationships among Tunisian fig cultivars (Ficus carica L.): Evidence from non coding trnL–trnF and ITS regions of chloroplast and ribosomal DNAs

Genetic diversity studies were conducted to evaluate intra-specific relationships in Tunisian fig (Ficus: Moraceae) using sequences of the ITS regions of nuclear ribosomal DNA and the chloroplast non-coding region trnL–trnF (trnL intron, and trnL [UAA]–exon–trnF [GAA] intergenic spacer). All data sets suggest that the sequences obtained showed variations either on their lengths or on their nucleotide compositions. The mean size of these nuclear and cytoplasmic non-coding regions is 697.5 and 1035 base pairs for ITS and trnL–trnF chloroplast DNA, respectively. Our results suggest that the substitution rate estimated for the ITS sequences of nuclear DNA is greater than the one unregistered for the non-coding regions of chloroplast DNA. Therefore, chloroplast DNA shows more homoplasy than the nuclear ribosomal DNA. In fact, the consistency (CI) and retention (RI) indexes calculated for nuclear and cytoplasmic DNAs show values of 0.420 and 0.490 for chloroplast DNA and 0.573 and 0.387 for ribosomal DNA, respectively. The nuclear DNA has more resolution of genetic relationships between cultivars. In addition, the result suggests that the cultivars studied are clustered independently from their geographical origin and the male trees did not thoroughly diverge from the common figs. The discordance between chloroplast and the nuclear topology is revealed. The lack of congruence between the two data sets may be a result of hybridization or introgression. Our result showed that the nuclear and cytoplasmic sequences are useful for germplasm discrimination as well as for investigation of patterns of variation in fig.     

基于双重语义空间的农业信息检索模型研究

为了提高针对大规模农业信息的语义检索性能,提出一种基于改进的随机索引语义空间和潜在语义空间的农业信息检索模型(IRI&LSA)。利用120万张中文网页和2 000张分为4类的小规模中文农业网页,对IRI&LSA和两种分别基于单向量兰克泽斯算法(LAS2)和半离散矩阵分解算法(SDD)的常用潜在语义检索模型(LSA-LAS2和LSA-SDD)进行了对比实验。结果表明,IRI&LSA检索结果的平均F1值可达83%,明显高于LSA-LAS2(71%)和LSA-SDD(64%);IRI&LSA的检索速度分别是LSA-LAS2和LSA-SDD的3.6倍和4.9倍。研究结果表明,IRI&LSA适合应用于较大规模农业信息检索。