Rutgers Equine Science Center Industry Needs Assessment Survey 2016

The Rutgers Equine Science Center is a designated Center of Excellence at Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey. The center's mission is to promote, “Better horse care through research and education.” As part of the land-grant university system, the center is obligated to provide outreach programs to serve the equine-related community. To do so, it is best to understand the needs of those constituents. The center maintains a database of equine professionals and enthusiasts for distribution of educational and promotional material. In January 2016, a survey was conducted via email to determine the most pressing needs of the equine-related community. The survey revealed a diverse industry with 46% of respondents classifying themselves as recreational riders. Most participants (78%) were interested in horse health and nutrition (57%) information. Owners relied predominantly on veterinarians (89%), printed materials (83%), and horse-related websites (78%) for care and business information. Responders also ranked highly the five programmatic focus areas of the center, including horse health, land use, integrity of equestrian sport, environmental stewardship, and development of future leaders. The center collected comments about how it can be even more useful to the equine-related community, which will help in planning future events, research, and programming.     

Overall welfare assessment of laying hens: Comparing science‐based,environment‐based and animal‐based assessments

To increase the validity of evaluations and facilitate expansion and maintenance of assessment systems, we constructed a database of studies on the welfare of laying hens around the world. On the basis of this database, we devised a science‐based welfare assessment model. Our model includes measurements, levels and weightings based on the scientific studies in the database, and can clarify the advantages and disadvantages of housing systems for laying hens from the viewpoint of the five freedoms. We also evaluated the usefulness of our model by comparing it with environment‐based Animal Needs Index (ANI), another science‐based model called FOWEL, and animal‐based measurements. Our model showed that freedom from injury, pain and disease, and freedom from discomfort were more secure in the cage system, while non‐cage systems scored better for natural behavior and freedom from fear and distress. A significant strong‐positive correlation was found between the animal‐based assessment and the total scores of ANI (rs = 0.94, P < 0.05), FOWEL (rs = 0.99, P < 0.05) or our model (rs = 0.99, P < 0.05), which indicate that these different approaches to welfare assessment may be used almost interchangeably to ‘measure’ a common property (‘overall laying hen welfare’). However, assessments using our model and FOWEL were more sensitive than ANI and can be applied to cage systems, which suggest that our model and FOWEL may have added value.     

基于生源特征和社会需求特征的硕士研究生课程体系研究——以Z校土地资源管理专业为例

生源特征是硕士研究生培养的起点,对社会需求的满足程度是硕士研究生培养的终点.结合生源特征和社会需求改进硕士研究生课程体系,对于提高硕士研究生的培养质量具有重要意义.以Z校土地资源管理专业为例,在统计分析和问卷调查的基础上,在分析其生源特征和社会需求特征,提出了理论素养与实践素养导向并重的课程构想,构建起硕士研究生的“飞鸟型”课程体系.     

大学图书馆信息资源满足科研需求的途径分析

大学科研发展离不开信息资源,大学图书馆应依据科研对信息资源的需求特征．对馆内信息资源进行优化、整合,通过完善学科专家科研成果数据库,运用国内外新技术等途径,将优质的信息资源推送给师生,为大学科研以及学校的发展做出贡献。     

Swimming Activity of Farm Mink (Mustela vison) and its Relation to Stereotypies

Eighty farm mink were used to investigate whether access to swimming water and:or difference in cage size led to a difference in the level of stereotypies. Half of the animals grew up with free access to swimming water, and the other half without. In addition, two different cage sizes were used. Over 2 weeks the animals were scanned a total of 141 times. Animals in small cages had a higher level of stereotypies and were more active than those in large cages. No difference between animals with swimming water and animals with an empty basin was detected. The level of activity was lowest in animals in large cages, although not significantly so when water was present. The results presented here do not offer any support for the claim that farm mink with access to swimming water have a lower level of stereotypies than mink with access to an empty basin. Whether swimming is a behavioural need in farm mink is still debatable.     

吉林省细毛羊产业技术需求调研报告

受肉毛比价严重失调影响,吉林省细毛羊产业资源正处于萎缩时期。尽管如此,由于吉林省养羊业是以细毛羊生产为基础的,细毛羊产业优势仍然存在,2007年细羊毛产量比例占全国12％。目前,大部分养羊户采取内毛兼用生产模式,细毛羊繁育技术没有得到广泛应用。从产业发展出发,根据调研归纳整理,技术需求主要表现在细毛羊品种、繁育技术、质量管理、疫病防治、羊毛分级整理、圈舍设计与环境控制等方面。本文还归纳了细毛羊产业今后五年需要解决的关键技术。     

从家具设计谈设计创造需求

在现代设计中,人类物质、精神、智性等各种需求设计动机的主要成份。以寻求未来的需求和潜在的需求为热点,进行相适应的设计,这就是工业设计中“设计创造需求”的观念。本文主要以家具（椅子）的设计实例,从材料、结构及造型等方面的设计来阐述“设计创造需求”的观念。     

图书馆远程文献传递及实时参考咨询读者需求分析——以吉林省图书馆为例

通过纸制问卷及电子问卷的方式,对随机抽取吉林省图书馆电子阅览室用户及网上参考咨询用户的网络信息需求状况进行调查,了解现有用户群的年龄、职业、文化水平等信息,利用相关数据,分析目前用户网络信息需求特点,此基础上探讨应如何做好图书馆联盟远程文献传递及实时参考咨询服务。     

安全型农业初探——基于马斯洛需求理论视角

摘要：本文基于马斯洛的需求层次理论,探讨了安全型农业的概念、类型及特征,分析了数量型农业向质量型农业、安全型农业的转变历程。认为安全型农业不仅仅要求提高农产品质量、农产品商品率、市场占有率和经济效益,更注重农产品的安全和农业生态环境的改善。因此发展安全型农业对于提高我国农产品的国际竞争力、改善农业生态环境、提高社会福利水平、促进农业产业结构调整有重要意义。     

基于需求层次理论的农村居民信息需求探究

在当前建设社会主义新农村的宏观背景下,农村信息化也迎来了良好的发展机遇。推动农村信息化建设必须切实了解农民的信息需求,加快农村信息服务的发展,使农民切实感受到信息化带来的益处。依据马斯洛需求层次理论,结合安徽省蚌埠市农村的调研的数据,将农村居民的信息需求划分生理信息需求、安全信息需求、社会交往信息需求、受尊重信息需求、自我实现需求五个方面进行分析,并根据信息需求阐述了农村信息服务现状,最后提出建议。