多孔管沿程压力分析

针对目前多孔管沿程水头损失计算方法存在的问题,推导出了一个新的多孔管沿程水头损失近似计算公式。利用导出的公式,分析了多孔管沿程的压力变化,这无论是对喷、滴灌工程的规划设计,还是对多孔管水力特性的进一步研究都是有益的。     

滚动轴承摩擦力矩的非线性特

以混沌理论为基础,通过试验研究滚动轴承摩擦力矩时间序列的非线性特征评估问题,为精确计算滚动轴承摩擦力矩的动态性能奠定基础.用关联维数标准差刻画摩擦力矩的不确定性,用关联维数均值描述摩擦力矩非线性特征的演变历程.研究表明,滚动轴承属于确定的非线性动力学系统,但其摩擦力矩呈现出明显的不确定性.随着转速的增加,滚动轴承摩擦力矩关联维数标准差与均值都呈现出非线性增大的趋势.     

盘式制动器摩擦特性的指数函数模型

以JF－132型汽车制动器试验台为试验设备，采用试验优化与回归分析技术，研究盘式制动器的准静态摩擦特性，以制动压力与初速度为试验因素，以制动力矩为试验指标，建立了盘式制动器摩擦特性的指数函数模型，并进行了统计检验。     

油菜联合收获机筛面粘附物摩擦特性

The main ingredients and structure of rape adhesive materials on cleaning sieve were analyzed for sieve hole blocking and multiply increased cleaning loss caused by the adhesive materials. Size distribution of rape adhesive materials on cleaning sieve was obtained. 77% of the adhesive materials’ size were from 0.3mm to 2.5mm, and the main ingredients were distinctly different with different size range. Friction coefficient tests of rape nutshell, rape stalk & the adhesive materials were carried out. It was pointed out that their friction coefficients were commonly increased with the raise of their moisture, and the friction coefficients between the adhesive materials and metal reached to 0.71.     

镶嵌固体润滑剂的自润滑刀具切削温度研究

在刀具前刀面月牙洼磨损区域加工装填MoS2固体润滑剂的微孔,制备了一种镶嵌固体润滑 剂的自润滑刀具（SLT〖CD*2〗1）,并与前刀面有孔但无固体润滑剂的刀具（SLT〖CD*2〗2）以 及传统刀具（SLT〖CD*2〗3）进行切削对比试验。用TH5104红外热像仪测试了3种刀具切削45 号淬火钢的切削温度变化规律。结果表明：SLT〖CD*2〗1自润滑刀具的切削温度明显降低,比 传统刀具SLT〖CD*2〗3降低15%～20%,SLT〖CD*2〗2刀具比SLT〖CD*2〗3降低5%～10%。通过切削 温度理论分析表明,由于自润滑刀具SLT〖CD*2〗1在前刀面形成润滑膜,降低了前刀面剪切应 力以及减少了刀屑接触面积,使得切削温度显著降低。     

绞盘机用多滚子凸轮超越离合器设计理论研究

本文结合我国引进ＣＡＴ５１８绞盘机设计理论的消化，讨论了多滚子凸轮超越离合器的楔紧条件，在其基础上给出了绞盘机用多滚子凸轮超越离合器最大扭矩传递能力的具体计算方法和凸轮轮廓结构参数的确定方法。     

Effect of high-pressure hot-water washing treatment on fruit quality, insects, and disease in apples and pears: Part I. System description and the effect on fruit quality of ‘d’Anjou’ pears

A manually operated high-pressure hot-water washing system consisting of a boiler, hot-water mixing tank, contact loop, heat exchanger, spray mixing tank, high-pressure hot-water washing manifold, low-pressure fresh water rinse manifold, and pressure pump was constructed and installed in a packingline. The system developed 20–50 °C washing water at pressures up to 980 kPa. ‘d’Anjou’ pears (Pyrus communis L.), shortly after harvest, and after storage for 3 and 4 months in regular air (RA) or for 4, 7 and 8 months in controlled atmosphere (CA) at −1 °C were washed through the packingline with different wetting agents (0.1% Silwet, 0.01 and 0.1% Defoamer, and water), water pressures (regular and high-pressure (210–980 kPa)), water temperatures (control (tap water, 4–22 °C), 40 °C, and 50 °C), and brushes (soft and firm), respectively. The effect of the washing conditions on fruit quality was investigated after 1 month of storage at −1 °C to simulate shipping condition, and then again after 1 week at 20 °C to simulate marketing condition. Hot-water caused severe heat scald. When nozzle temperature was 50 °C, the incidence of heat scald increased to over 50% for the fruit stored in RA for 3 months. Combined with hot-water, 540 kPa high-pressure washing increased the incidence of friction discoloration. There were lower incidences of friction discoloration and heat scald for fruit stored in CA for 7 months, in comparison to that in RA for 3 months. However, those fruit did not ripen properly as indicated by a high extractable juice content. Fruit washed at harvest had minor incidences of friction discoloration regardless of different brushes, water pressures, and wetting agents. Fruit washed after storages in either 4 months RA or 4 or 8 months CA suffered a high incidence of friction discoloration including scuffing symptoms and pressure marking. The firm brushes caused a higher incidence of friction discoloration mainly because of scuffing symptoms. However, no differences were found between different water pressures and wetting agents with respect to friction discoloration. Fruit stored for 4 months RA suffered 26–28% friction discoloration in comparison to 16–18% in CA stored fruit with firm brush washing. Extended CA storage increased friction discoloration even with soft brush washing. The results suggest that a washing system with high-pressure spray, <30 °C warm water, wetting agent Defoamer and rotating soft brushes were significantly effective in removing surface pests and decay control without causing internal or external damage of fruit.     

摩擦式自锁装夹切削锥形孔件的方法

摩擦式自锁装夹切削，是一种针对壁厚较薄，而孔径较大的锥形孔件能获得外观光洁，无接刀痕迹，内外径同轴度高，工件无变形无夹伤，生产效率高的制造方法。     

Friction velocity u* and roughness length z0 of atmospheric surface boundary layer in sparse-tree land

Sparse-tree land is one of the typical lands and can be considered as one typical rough surface in boundary layer meteorology. Many lands can be classified into the kind surface in the view of scale and distribution feature of the roughness elements such as agroforest, scatter planted or growing trees, savanna and so on. The structure of surface boundary layer in sparse-tree land is analyzed and the parameters, friction velocity u* and roughness length z0 are deduced based on energy balance law and other physical hypothesis. The models agree well with data of wind tunnel experiments and field measurements.     

纳米硬质合金的摩擦磨损性能

在摩擦磨损试验的基础上,研究了纳米硬质合金的摩擦磨损性能,测量了摩擦系数,应用扫描电镜观察了摩擦表面形貌,并和普通硬质合金进行了比较.研究表明:纳米硬质合金的摩擦系数有降低的趋势,与普通硬质合金比较,纳米硬质合金表现出了更多的抗磨损性能及塑性去除的特征.