十堰市周边地区新农村建设及水泥路面使用调查研究

实地考察了十堰市周边地区农村庭院的水泥混凝土路面存在的问题,并深入剖析其产生原因,最后提出相应的改进措施,以期为新农村建设的开展提供参考。     

Desiccation and cracking behaviour of clay layer from slurry state under wetting-drying cycles

Laboratory tests were conducted to investigate the effect of wetting-drying (W-D) cycles on the initiation and evolution of cracks in clay layer. Four identical slurry specimens were prepared and subjected to five subsequent W-D cycles. The water evaporation, surface cracks evolution and structure evolution during the W-D cycles were monitored. The effect of W-D cycles on the geometric characteristics of crack patterns was analyzed by image processing. The results show that the desiccation and cracking behaviour was significantly affected by the applied W-D cycles: the measured cracking water content θ_c, surface crack ratio R_sc and final thickness h_f of the specimen increased significantly in the first three W-D cycles and then tended to reach equilibrium; the formed crack patterns after the second W-D cycle were more irregular than that after the first W-D cycle; the increase of surface cracks was accompanied by the decrease of pore volume shrinkage during drying. In addition, it was found that the applied W-D cycles resulted in significant rearrangement of specimen structure: the initially homogeneous and non-aggregated structure was converted to a clear aggregated-structure with obvious inter-aggregate pores after the second W-D cycle; the specimen volume generally increased with increasing cycles due to the aggregation and increased porosity. The image analysis results show that the geometric characteristics of crack pattern were significantly influenced by the W-D cycles, but this influence was reduced after the third cycle. This is consistent with the observations over the experiment, and indicates that the image processing can be used for quantitatively analyzing the W-D cycle dependence of clay desiccation cracking behaviour.     

钢筋砼结构的裂缝与耐久性

通过对裂缝的产生原因及钢筋砼结构耐久性影响的分析,钢筋锈引起的顺筋胀裂是影响耐久性的主要原因,并提出了解决措施。     

影响沥青路面开裂的因素分析

本文对沥青路面开裂的原因进行了系统分析 ,并对沥青混合料低温抗裂性能的评价做了进一步的探讨     

木材断裂裂纹及应力场的分形研究

木材材料的各向异性夺致木材断裂裂纹具有强烈的非均质性，其在二维空间内的分布县有非线性特征。运用数盒子法对裂纹发育带在二维平面内的分布进行了分形特征研究，发现木材裂纹县有明显的分形规律，分形维数为1．2-1．5；通过比较不同时问段的裂纹发育情况，发现裂纹的分形维数随斡裂纹的扩展星增加的趋势。对木材断裂过程的应力场进行分形研霓的结果表明，裂纹应力场伞表现出分形的特征，并且分形维数在裂纹尖端处最小，在远离裂纹尖端处较大。     

象草木屑混合栽培优质花菇试验初报

采用象草和杂木屑混合栽培花菇生产技术，在培养基中添加２５％、４１．５％、５８．４５％象草进行了一系列栽培试验，结果表明，培养料中加２５％～３５％象草粉进行香菇栽培，同样能够生产出优质、高产花菇。     

Influence of tillage practices and nutrient management on crack parameters in a Vertisol of central India

The frequency, size and rate of development of cracks influence the transport of water, nutrients and gases in the soil profile and plant growth processes in Vertisols. Despite their importance, studies on characterising cracks in Vertisols of India are limited. This study attempts to evaluate the influence of different tillage practices, nutrient management and cropping systems on cracking behaviour of a Vertisol in central India. The length, depth, width, area and volume of cracks were recorded after the harvest of the wet season crops, i.e. soybean (Glycine max L.) and rice (Oryza sativa L.) from three ongoing tillage experiments with three different cropping systems, i.e. soybean–wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), soybean–linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) and rice–wheat. The results revealed that all the crack parameters were significantly negatively correlated with the water content of the 0–15 cm soil layer and, crack width and crack volume were significantly positively correlated with the bulk density of the 0–15 cm soil layer. Gravimetric water content and bulk density of the 0–15 cm soil layer together explained 79% variation in the crack volume. The crack volume was significantly negatively correlated (r=0.86,P=0.01) with the root length density of the previous soybean crop. Rice grown under puddled condition significantly enhanced different crack parameters viz., length, depth, width, surface area and volume of the cracks over nonpuddled direct seeded rice. Sub-soiling practised in soybean under the soybean–linseed system significantly reduced the width, depth, length and surface area of cracks by 12.5, 10, 5 and 12%, respectively, over conventional tillage. No tillage practised in soybean under soybean–wheat system resulted in significant increase in width, depth and volume of the cracks but decrease in length and surface area of cracks over conventional tillage and mould board tillage practice. Application of manure reduced the magnitude of different crack parameters in soybean–linseed cropping system. Thus cracking in Vertisols can be favourably managed by the selection of proper tillage practice, cropping system and organic manure amendments.     

长新桥大体积混凝土施工温度裂缝监控与分析

结合延吉长新高架桥扩大基础大体积混凝土浇筑施工情况,对其大体积混凝土温度监测结果进行了分析,探讨了大体积混凝土早期温度裂缝控制技术,证明所采取的措施是行之有效和切合实际的。     

人工林落叶松木材的表面改质--醇溶性低分子酚醛树脂处理

论述了人工林落叶松木材经醇溶性低分子量酚醛树脂注入处理，改善其尺寸稳定性，即通过各种不同质量分数的PF树脂处理对比试验后，PF树脂质量分数在20％～30％时，木材的抗胀(缩)率达到60％以上，并且随着树脂质量分数的增加，木材的开裂减少。     

沿海混凝土桥墩墩身早期裂缝分析及控制措施

通过对某沿海特大桥混凝土桥墩墩身早期裂缝的分析,查找了材料、施工、设计等方面的原因,并采取一系列措施控制了裂缝的进一步发生与发展,为夏季高温条件下大体积混凝土实体桥墩的施工与裂缝控制提出了成熟可靠的施工方法。