新亚欧大陆桥新疆段受损区段的灰色预测

在对新亚欧大陆桥新疆段受损区段、受损长度及受损频率和受损密度详尽分析的基础上，揭示了陆桥新疆段受损区段的时空分布规律。并依据灾害的时序分布特征，运用灰色原理和方法，根据受损区段数确立阈值和相应的年份序列，分别建立GM（1，1）模型，求出年份序列的序号响应式，并对实际值和理论预测结果进行了拟合检验，模型群的原点误差范围为0.198-1.314之间，平均误差为0.823-1.917，并同时预测了陆桥新疆段2001－2005年间可能的受损区段数。     

A European irrigation map for spatially distributed agricultural modelling

We present a pan-European irrigation map based on regional European statistics, a European land use map and a global irrigation map. The map provides spatial information on the distribution of irrigated areas per crop type which allows determining irrigated areas at the level of spatial modelling units. The map is a requirement for a European scale assessment of the impacts of irrigated agriculture on water resources based on spatially distributed modelling of crop growth and water balance. The irrigation map was compiled in a two step procedure. First, irrigated areas were distributed to potentially irrigated crops at a regional level (European statistical regions NUTS3), combining Farm Structure Survey (FSS) data on irrigated area, crop-specific irrigated area for crops whenever available, and total crop area. Second, crop-specific irrigated area was distributed within each statistical region based on the crop distribution given in our land use map. A global map of irrigated areas with a 5′ resolution was used to further constrain the distribution within each NUTS3 based on the density of irrigated areas. The constrained distribution of irrigated areas as taken from statistics to a high resolution dataset enables us to estimate irrigated areas for various spatial entities, including administrative, natural and artificial units, providing a reasonable input scenario for large-scale distributed modelling applications. The dataset bridges a gap between global datasets and detailed regional data on the distribution of irrigated areas and provides information for various assessments and modelling applications.     

Deriving river networks and catchments at the European scale from medium resolution digital elevation data

The extraction of drainage networks and catchment boundaries from digital elevation models (DEMs) has received considerable attention in recent years and is recognized as a viable alternative to traditional surveys and the manual evaluation of topographic maps. However, most studies have covered limited areas due to the lack of detailed information and/or the lack of highly efficient algorithms. In this paper we present an application that delineates river networks and catchment boundaries across the European continent from a medium resolution (250 m) DEM. We exploit novel algorithms based on the concepts of mathematical morphology and implement a landscape stratification for drainage density.A flow direction grid is computed using an efficient algorithm for the removal of spurious pits. River networks are then derived by imposing a variable threshold for the minimum contributing area needed to form and maintain a channel. This is achieved through a landscape stratification that reflects the ability of the terrain to develop different drainage densities. It is shown that the analysis of environmental characteristics coupled with the analysis of local slope versus contributing area enables river network mapping with a spatially varying drainage density. The result has been validated by comparing the derived data to digital river and catchment data from other sources and with varying scales of observation.     

浅议欧式风格在居住区景观设计中的应用

全球一体化的进程加剧了欧式风格在中国居住区中的应用,对于这些在中国楼市倍受青睐的"新欧式"建筑和"欧陆风"园林景观层出不穷的现象,重点讨论如何在居住区环境景观中合理的运用欧式风格,更多的从欧洲建筑或欧式园林的人性关怀方面着力,从细节领域体现欧式风格的精髓,真正使欧式园林风格在我们的居住区里发挥其应有的作用。     

南沙群岛西南部陆架海区主要经济鱼类渔业生物学的初步研究

本文根据１９９２－１９９３年南沙群岛西南部陆架海区底拖网渔业资源调查资料，分析了 １７种主要经济鱼类的渔业生物学特性，并应用体长方法估计了 ｖｏｎ Ｂｅｒｔａｌａｎｆｆｙ生长参数（Ｌ和Ｋ）、总死亡系数、自然死亡系数、捕捞死亡系数和开发率，讨论了资源的开发状况。     

大陆桥上干旱区工矿资源型城市发展研究——镍都金昌的发展分析

本文以镍都金昌为例探讨了新亚欧大路桥上干旱区工矿资源型城市的发展问题。通过对该类城市目前具有的优势和影响其持续发展的障碍的分析,提出今后发展对策。     

Morphological and molecular diversity at a regional scale: A step closer to understanding Antarctic nematode biogeography

Antarctica is one of the harshest environments on earth and yet life has managed to persist on the continent for millions of years. While most of the continent is covered by snow and ice, in some coastal and mountain regions that do not have permanent cover terrestrial invertebrate fauna dominate. Nematodes are one of the most common taxa present in these environments, but despite their abundance very little work on diversity and distribution has been performed for the Phylum across the Antarctic continent. We examined nematodes from 123 limno-terrestrial samples from the vicinity of the Australian Antarctic Stations (62.8°E–110.5°E) using the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene, and morphological analyses. We identified the nematodes Plectus murrayi, Pl.cf. frigophilus, Scottnema cf. lindsayae, Halomonhystera cf. halophila, H. cf. continentalis and Eudorylaimus spp. The distribution of these species appears to be determined by habitat type and salinity. We also made comparisons using the COI gene with nematodes from localised sampling from Dronning Maud Land, Francis Island (Antarctic Peninsula), and Tierra del Fuego (TF), and also with COI sequences from other worldwide locations. Contrasting levels of COI sequence divergence were identified among genera and species, ranging from low levels for Pl. murrayi (≤0.5%), medium levels for S. cf. lindsayae (≤2.1%) and Halomonhystera (≤4.3%), and high within Pl.cf. frigophilus (≤8.4%). Distribution ranges varied according to the species, with widespread ranges within Antarctica for Pl. murrayi and Scottnema cf. lindsayae (a range of over 2000 km); and distribution beyond Antarctica to TF for Pl.cf. frigophilus. Our results reveal the presence of cryptic species even when conservative approaches are applied in species delimitation.     

东亚森林种群遗传结构及迁移扩散模式

东亚是温带植物种丰度的热点地区,它与北美东部具有相似的气候和植物组成,但是物种丰度是北美东部的2倍。第四纪冰期和间冰期反复的气候变动形成了当今北半球温带物种的分布格局与遗传结构,反复的气候波动导致海平面的反复升降,为东亚地区物种扩张提供了路线,导致种群不断的分开和连接,从而促进了进化的发生和异域物种的形成。介绍了森林树种的群体遗传学研究及分子系统地理学研究情况,阐述了东亚地区森林树种迁移扩散研究概况,包括物种迁移扩散模式及森林树种天然种群在东亚的迁移扩散情况,最后展望了该研究领域的发展趋势。     

柑桔类植物起源的初探

本文简要描述了柑桔类植物和其近缘植物;回顾了以往有关起源的论述.根据大陆漂移理论,分析各有关大陆的古生态气候和地史变迁.推测柑桔类植物祖先可能起源于四川、康滇和江南古陆以及印度支那半岛一带地域,然后传播至印度、非洲和澳洲.从柑桔类植物的形态特征、分布及生态状况等分析,认为金柑属、枳属和柑桔属起源于中国,而澳砂檬属、多蕊桔属和澳指蒙属则起源于澳州.     

东海大陆斜坡水域冬季水文环境条件及其对该水域渔业产生的影响

应用温、盐及渔业资源调查资料,对调查水域与渔业关系密切的海况特征及其对渔业产生的影响做了分析讨论。结果表明,在29°N左右,黑潮流轴位于200m等深线外侧,黑潮次表层水有爬升现象,对马暖流西侧水系为黑潮与大陆水混合水,东侧水系为黑潮的分支;东海大陆斜坡黑潮和对马暖流区,水温、盐度高,流速强,流量大,温、盐顺对马暖流流轴呈舌状分布,在这样的海况条件下一般是不可能形成渔场的。