血清浓度对鸡胚盲肠上皮细胞原代培养的影响

为探讨细胞培养基中血清浓度对鸡盲肠上皮细胞体外培养的影响,分别用含0%、2.5%、5%和10%胎牛血清(FBS)的细胞培养液培养鸡胚盲肠上皮细胞,检测细胞活性;选择适宜的FBS浓度,并测定了该浓度条件下鸡盲肠上皮细胞的生长特性。结果表明:用含2.5%和5%FBS的培养基培养鸡胚盲肠上皮细胞,第4天细胞贴壁率达最高,分别为84%和80.33%,显著地高于无血清和10%FBS组(P<0.01/0.05),第7天仍均维持在76%以上,两者间除了第2天外,其余差异均不显著;用含2.5%FBS的细胞培养基进行鸡胚盲肠上皮细胞原代培养,第2~3天为适应阶段,第3~5天处于对数生长期,第5~9天细胞进入减速期,第10~11天再次进入对数生长期,第11天以后细胞进入衰退期,整个过程持续14 d左右。鸡胚盲肠上皮细胞培养的血清浓度以2.5%FBS为宜。     

血桐提取液浓度对圣女果保鲜效果的影响

[目的]研究不同浓度血桐提取液对圣女果的保鲜效果。[方法]以圣女果为材料,分别将其在室温条件下自然存放、保鲜膜密封存放和不同浓度血桐提取液（0.5%、1.0%、1.5%、2.0%、5.0%）浸泡5min后自然晾干存放,存放过程中观察其表观变化,并测定其pH值、Vc和总糖含量及失重的变化。[结果]存放过程中,自然存放组好果率呈下降趋势,存放6d时好果率为92.4%,存放14d时好果率为72.3%。血桐提取液处理组的好果率均高于自然存放组,其中2.0%血桐提取液处理组好果率最高,存放14d时好果率仍为89.8%,高于其他处理;同时,该处理组圣女果的其他测定值随时间的变化均较小。[结论]2.0%血桐提取液对圣女果具有较好的保鲜效果。     

不同pH值和重金属浓度对水花生生根的影响

研究不同pH值和不同重金属浓度对水花生生根情况的影响。试验表明,水花生的适应性很强,在pH值为2~13范围内的溶液中均可生根。总体而言,水花生在碱性溶液中比在酸性溶液中生根情况好,当pH值在8.85左右时生根情况最好,根长为26.2 mm,根数为60根以上。随着重金属离子浓度升高,其对水花生生根的抑制作用加大,但不同重金属离子对水花生的生根影响不同。当溶液中Pb2+浓度在10 mg/L左右时,水花生生长最好,根长达22.3 mm,根数达37根;当溶液中Cr3+浓度在5 mg/L以下时,水花生生长最好,根长为39.0 mm左右,根数为40根以上。     

冬季家庭居室内PM_(10)浓度的影响因素

[目的]为了探讨家庭居室内PM10污染物的来源,对人体的危害及影响因素。[方法]在丹东市的三个区选择了14个家庭,对其厨房、卧室和客厅进行PM10浓度的测试,并对室内的PM10污染物来源进行了分析。[结果]室内空气PM10浓度主要受吸烟、烹饪时的燃料、不同清洁方式、室外颗粒物浓度、室内人员多少和活动频繁程度、通风量7个因素的影响,被测14户家庭中有7户所有的房间均超标。[结论]丹东市家庭室内PM10浓度超标不容乐观,应引起有关部门的重视。     

柴油机燃用甲醇燃料的燃烧循环变动的研究

在燃用甲醇燃料的１１３０单缸柴油机上,通过缸内燃烧分析,对影响甲醇发动机循环变动的各种因素,（转速,负荷,点火提前角,喷油提前角,喷油嘴类型,压缩比,点火方式等）进行了详细的研究,试验结果表明,甲醇发动机的燃烧环变动主要取决于火延迟期的长短和缸内混合气怪状浓度分面是否合理,缩短着火延迟期,或在火花塞跳火区域及燃烧室内获得理想的混合气层状深度分布均可降低甲醇发动机燃烧循环变动,使发动机性能得以改善。     

Level and Timing of Nitrogen Fertilizer Application to Early and Semi-early Potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) Grown with Irrigation on Light Soils in Norway

Trials were performed with early and semi-early potatoes to test the effects of nitrogen (N) fertilizer level (0-160 kg N ha^-1) and timing (all at planting versus half then and half either soon after emergence or 3 weeks later). All seven trials with earlies were irrigated as required, whilst different irrigation regimes (moderate versus intensive) were compared in two trials with semi-earlies. No benefit was derived from splitting the N application. Haulm growth and N uptake increased in all cases almost linearly up to the highest N level, but tuber yield did not respond in the same way. The optimum N level was 80 kg N ha^-1 for a yield of 15 Mg ha^-1, rising to 120 kg N ha^-1 for a yield of 40 Mg ha^-1. Tuber quality was lowered by the use of excess N fertilizer, particularly in the case of earlies. The quantity of mineralised N present in the soil after harvest rose sharply with above optimum fertilizer use, and the amount of N present in crop residues also increased. The likely leaching after early potatoes was estimated to be up to 80 kg N ha^-1. The proportion of fertilizer N which was not accounted for in either tuber yield, crop residues or mineral N in soil was 26% in earlies and 38% in semi-earlies.     

基于可变移动窗口方法估算太湖泥沙环流运动的本征尺度

基于遥感反演获得的太湖悬浮泥沙浓度数据,利用移动窗口方法,分析探讨了平均局部方差和移动窗口尺寸的关系。在90～1 860 m移动窗口尺寸变化范围内,太湖悬浮泥沙浓度的平均局部方差随着移动窗口尺寸的增大而增大,且抛物线模型能较好的描述2者的关系,回归系数0.9959。通过对抛物线模型求最大值可知,局部方差最大值所对应的移动窗口尺寸为2 308.33 m,根据当时的风速和风向,考虑泥沙浓度空间分布与水体运动之间的相关性,该尺寸可以解释为太湖逆时针环流的本征尺度。     

宝鸡金渭湖湿地小气候效应初探

以宝鸡市金渭湖湿地为研究对象,在金渭湖拦河闸桥附近进行气象及大气颗粒物观测,将拦河闸桥看作湿区,公路旁看作干区,对比分析湿地小气候特征的结果表明:宝鸡市金渭湖湿地具有明显的降温增湿作用,距离湿区越远,温度越高,相对湿度越低;冬季的相对湿度大于夏季,冬夏季的湿区温度始终低于干区,干湿两区的温度和相对湿度的日变化规律基本一致;湿区的PM2.5质量浓度小于干区,最多可小47%,表明金渭湖湿地对局地大气环境中的细颗粒物质量浓度具有显著削减作用。     

Tomato productivity and the associated composition of the hydroponic or soil solution

The concentration and balance of nutrients in both the hydroponic or soil solution has been evaluated with relevance to tomato productivity. Yields of 200 mt/ha have been produced in greenhouse, hydroponic culture in a 9 to 10 month period. Yields of more than 100 mt/ha of field grown tomatoes have been produced in Florida in a 4 to 5 month period. Within the limitations of either culture, it is possible per unit of time to provide the nutrients required to produce equivalent yields. It is most significant that field grown tomatoes in Florida can be grown with minimal management and at a fraction of the cost of those grown hydroponically. The validity of the Florida fresh market tomato industry is based on the production efficiency of the field culture. There are annually 16,000 ha of tomatoes grown in Florida, perhaps less than 40 ha grown in hydroponic cultures.     

Leaf chlorophyll content as a possible diagnostic mean for the evaluation of plant nitrogen uptake from the soil

The influence of temperature, irradiance, and soil humidity on the nitrogen (N) concentration in some organs, chlorophyll in the leaves, N uptake and accumulation of dry matter in plants of winter wheat was investigated. In the plants grown under equal initial N supplement but in contrasting conditions of the evironment, the correlation between concentration of total N and chlorophyll in the leaves was absent. No interrelationship was found between concentration of total N in the leaves and accumulation of N and dry matter in the whole plants. There is a close correlation between chlorophyll in the leaves, accumulation of total N, and dry matter of the whole plant. It was concluded that chlorophyll is a more stable informative parameter for the estimation of the N uptake from the soil under different growth conditions than leaf N concentration.