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Leila Hayashi Nair S. Yokoya Srgio Ostini Ricardo T.L. Pereira Elisabete S. Braga Eurico C. Oliveira 《Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》2008,277(3-4):185-191
The potential of the red alga Kappaphycus alvarezii to remove nutrients was tested to treat effluents of Trachinotus carolinus fish cultivation, and the production of carrageenan in this condition was analyzed. Experiments were conducted in four tanks of 8000 L with approximately 1200 fishes of 30 g each integrated with three tanks of 100 L with 700 g of K. alvarezii, as initial biomass per tank. Seawater was re-circulated between tanks with seaweed and with fish. As a control, three tanks with seawater circulating in an open system were utilized. Seawater samples were collected daily for 10 days and concentrations of nitrate, nitrite, ammonium and phosphate were determined in the inflow and outflow water of the tanks. Significant differences between both collecting points were considered as nutrient removal by the seaweed. Growth rates and carrageenan yields were also analyzed in seaweed cultivated in seawater and in effluents. Growth rates of seaweed cultivated in tanks were lower than those obtained in open sea and in laboratory cultivation. Effluents had concentrations of nitrate and nitrite ca. 100 times higher than in the control. Maximum values of nutrient removal on effluents were: nitrate = 18.2%; nitrite = 50.8%; ammonium = 70.5% and phosphate = 26.8%. All plants survived throughout the experimental period, but some developed “ice–ice”, a disease associated with physiological stress. After the experimental period, some plants selected and cultivated in open sea presented higher growth rates in 40 days, indicating nutrient storage. No significant differences between carrageenan yields of K. alvarezii cultivated in seawater and in the effluents were observed. Our results show that K. alvarezii can be utilized as a biofilter for fish cultivation effluents, reducing the eutrophication process and can also be processed for carrageenan production, which provides an additional benefit to the fisheries. 相似文献
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卡拉胶和超高压对鱼糜凝胶性质的影响 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
以白鲢鱼糜为研究对象,将卡拉胶添加其中,经超高压处理后,再经二段加热处理形成鱼糜凝胶,测定其凝胶强度、白度值、pH值,研究压力、保压时间和卡拉胶质量分数对白鲢鱼糜凝胶性质的影响.单因素实验表明,当压力大于300 MPa时凝胶强度显著下降;保压时间大于10 min,卡拉胶质量分数大于0.8%时凝胶强度变化不显著.通过正交实验确定了优化工艺条件为:压力300 MPa、保压时间10 min、卡拉胶质量分数0.8%.各因素对白鲢鱼糜凝胶强度影响程度由大至小依次为压力、保压时间、卡拉胶质量分数.研究结果表明,超高压处理协同添加卡拉胶能够促进白鲢鱼糜形成良好的凝胶. 相似文献
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SUN Juan TAN Hong-mei CHENG Chao WU Wei-kang WU Yi-ling SUN Hui-lan HAN Yu-lian CHEN Jun-lin 《园艺学报》2007,23(12):2336-2340
AIM: To establish a microthrombus model by carrageenan (Ca)/ lipopolysaccharides (LPS) intraperitoneal injection in rats with hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) and endothelial dysfunction induced by L-methionine intake.METHODS: ① Male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into 2 groups: control and endothelial dysfunction (HHcy) groups. L-methionine was administered by gavage in HHcy group for total 4 weeks.Purified water was administered by gavage in control rats.Plasma Hcy,NO and vWF were examined and the thoracic aorta were excised after 4 weeks of L-methionine treatment to evaluate endothelial function.② Male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups to establish a microthrombus formation model with Ca/ LPS: control,microthrombus formation (Ca/LPS) and endothelial dysfunction plus mitoarothrombus formation (HHcy+Ca/LPS) groups.Control rats were injected with normal saline (NS).Ca/LPS rats were intraperitoneally injected with carrageenan (Ca) and followed by lipopolysaccharides (LPS) 16 h later.HHcy+Ca/LPS rats were intragastric gavaged by L-methionine for total 4 weeks,and then were injected with Ca/LPS in the same way as Ca/LPS group.Cruor parameters and platelet count were detected at 20 h after LPS or NS injection and the mesentery microcirculation was monitored.Plasma NO and vWF were also detected at 24 h after LPS or NS injection.RESULTS: ① Plasma Hcy concentrations and vWF level were significantly increased in HHcy group,while plasma NO content was significantly decreased compared with that in control group.Endothelial dependent relaxation (EDR) of aortic rings was significantly decreased in HHcy group,suggesting endothelial damage/dysfunction was induced by HHcy.② Mesentery capillary was obviously blocked by microthrombus in Ca/LPS rats and was blocked more seriously in HHcy+Ca/LPS rats.Cruor parameter results suggested that Ca/LPS rats were in hypercoagulable phase and HHcy+Ca/LPS rats were in hypocoagulable phase at 20 h after LPS injection.Platelet count and plasma NO content in HHcy+Ca/LPS group were significantly decreased,while plasma vWF level was significantly increased compared with Ca/LPS group.CONCLUSION: L-methionine intake induces severe HHcy and causes endothelial dysfunction in rats.Microcirculation dysfunction and microthrombosis can be caused by Ca/LPS intraperitoneal injection and may be aggravated by endothelial dysfunction. 相似文献
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Khan I Nisar M Shah MR Shah H Gilani SN Gul F Abdullah SM Ismail M Khan N Kaleem WA Qayum M Khan H Obaidullah Samiullah Ullah M 《Fitoterapia》2011,82(7):1003-1007
Current study was conducted to identify constituents of Taxus wallichiana Zucc. that might be responsible for its folk use in anti-inflammatory conditions. Taxusabietane A was isolated from the bark extract of Taxus wallichiana Zucc. Taxusabietane A was analyzed for in-vitro and in-vivo anti-inflammatory activities using Lipoxygenase (LOX) inhibition assay and carrageenan-induced paw edema model. Taxusabietane A revealed considerable LOX inhibitory activity with the IC50 value being 57 ± 0.31. Standard compound Baicalein showed the IC50 value being 22.1 ± 0.03 μM. Taxusabietane A also showed significant (5 and 10 mg/kg) anti-inflammatory activity induced by carrageenan. However, this study highlighted the potential of Taxusabietane A to be further explored as a new lead compound for management of conditions associated with inflammation. 相似文献
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Pogostemonis Herba has long been used in traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of inflammatory disorders. Patchouli alcohol (PA), a tricyclic sesquiterpene isolated from Pogostemonis Herba, is known to possess a variety of pharmacological activities. The present study aimed to investigate the in vivo anti-inflammatory effect of PA using two common inflammatory animal models i.e., xylene-induced ear edema in mice and carrageenan-induced paw edema in rats. The degree of edema in both inflammatory animals, as well as the protein and mRNA expression of some inflammatory mediators including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and nitric oxide (NO) in the hind paw of carrageenan-treated rats were measured. Results showed that PA (10–40 mg/kg) significantly inhibited the ear edema induced by xylene in mice and the paw edema induced by carrageenan in rats. In addition, treatment with PA (10–40 mg/kg) also dose-dependently decreased the production of TNF-α, IL-1β, PGE2 and NO in the hind paw of carrageenan-treated rats. Furthermore, PA treatment also suppressed the mRNA expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in the hind paw of carrageenan-treated rats. These results suggest that PA possesses potent anti-inflammatory activity, which may be mediated, at least in part, by down-regulating the mRNA expression of a panel of inflammatory mediators including TNF-α, IL-1β, iNOS and COX-2. 相似文献
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紫薯淀粉与卡拉胶共混体系糊化及流变学特性的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为考察亲水性胶体与紫薯淀粉之间互作机理,以紫薯淀粉为原料,加入不同比例的卡拉胶,研究紫薯淀粉/卡拉胶共混体系糊化及流变学特性的影响。布拉邦德黏度曲线表明,与单独紫薯淀粉相比,添加卡拉胶可增加共混体系的峰值黏度、终值黏度、崩解值及回生值;静态流变学特性研究表明,紫薯淀粉/卡拉胶共混体系均属典型的非牛顿流体,具有假塑性流体的特征,添加卡拉胶后,可提高共混体系的增稠性,降低其流动性,有助于提高体系的假塑性与剪切稳定性;动态流变学特性研究表明,紫薯淀粉/卡拉胶共混体系具有更高的储存模量(G′)和损耗模量(G″),表现出较优越的黏弹特性;在剪切结构恢复力试验中,随着卡拉胶的比例增大,共混体系的恢复力增大。这提示卡拉胶的加入,能改善紫薯淀粉的稳定性,对紫薯产品生产具有一定的应用价值。 相似文献
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