寄生虫的抗药性管理

抗药性在畜禽寄生虫中普遍存在，且具有一些共同的特征。了解这些共同特征将会为寄生虫的抗药性管理提供一些新观点、新思路。本文着重讨论了寄生虫的抗药性问题，并对其共同特征做了描述；同时也论述了寄生虫综合管理方案，旨在通过总结一种寄生虫的综合管理方案，为其他寄生虫病的控制开辟一条新途径。     

气门弹簧的可靠度计算

论述了一种实用有效的计算气门弹簧可靠度的方法。在基本随机变量概率特性已知的情况下，使用二阶矩技术计算了气门弹簧的可靠度，并编制了实用的计算机程序，可以迅速准确地得到气门弹簧的可靠度。     

柴油机喷油系统偶件间隙燃油泄漏量的试验与计算分析

柴油机喷油压力不断提高,承压偶件间的燃油泄漏对喷油过程的影响引起人们的关注,本文在已建立的恒压条件下偶件间燃油泄漏分析模型的基础上,得出传统喷油系统承压偶件间的燃油泄漏量的计算方法,阐述了在高喷射压力下泄漏量增加的影响因素和泄漏量的变化规律,分析了柱塞偶件泄漏量较大的原因和对喷油过程的影响,提出了采用较大的柱塞升程直径比能减少喷油泵不同运行工况的间隙泄漏量和压力变化,优化柴油机的性能。     

湿冷换热器的计算与试验

为克服普通冷库保鲜果蔬时半冷时间长和冷却排管结霜等缺点，采用湿冷系统保鲜果蔬。探讨了湿冷保鲜系统中湿冷换热器的设计计算方法。试验表明，设计方法合理．系统运行正常，适合预冷,保鲜效果明显。     

基于SOLID EDGE的EBOM表的生成

论述了BOM的分类和组成方法，介绍了基于Solid edge的EBOM的生成过程，即在Access2002中构建EBOM表，利用Visual Basic编写应用程序，并把在Solid Edge基础上建立的产品模型的物料数据自动生成到EBOM表中。     

拖拉机前轮定位设计计算方法研究探讨

论述了拖拉机转向节立轴后倾的危害，建议取消立轴后倾，并研究探讨前轮外倾、前轮前束和立轴内倾的设计计算方法     

柴湾排涝泵站电动机起动电压计算

针对异步电动机起动母线压降计算中存在的问题，结合柴湾站计算实例，分析了高压线路阻抗、变压器阻抗、低压线路阻抗、其它负荷阻抗和起动电机阻抗对母线压降的影响。阐述了正确的计算方法和应注意的问题。     

渠床土壤二维稳定入渗率实验及渗漏损失计算

本文针对干旱地区、连续供水的大中型灌区渠道效率评估需要,用保角映射原理简化稳定入渗率的实验计算式;在克服渠床土壤空间变异性影响、改进国外的分离式静水套坑法为合一式静水套统、测定二维稳定入渗率实验法,求得一维流稳定入渗率的二维改正系数r;结合理论计算,可简便求得渠道渗漏损失用于输水效率评估。     

压力涡流喷嘴雾化特性模拟的双相流模型分析

与直射式压力喷嘴模拟计算相比,燃油在喷嘴出口断面处的速度方向成为模拟压力涡流喷嘴喷雾特性时需要特别考虑的问题。对现有的双相流计算模型进行了分析,分析结果表明:广泛用于压力喷嘴模拟计算的欧拉-拉格朗日法,并不适于压力涡流喷嘴出口区附近的喷雾模拟计算。喷嘴出口处采用VOF模型,在适当的下游处再采用欧拉-拉格朗日模型计算压力涡流喷嘴的喷雾特性是一个相对合理的选择。采用这种方法需要特别考虑的问题是:两种模型如何衔接。     

Repeated physical disturbances and the stability of sub‐tropical coral communities in Hong Kong,China

• 1. This paper reports on the dynamics of the coral community structure at A Ma Wan (AMW) and A Ye Wan (AYW) in Tung Ping Chau, Hong Kong, focusing on data collected before and after the summer typhoon seasons in 1997 to 1999. This period (1999) experienced the highest frequency of severe tropical cyclones to hit Hong Kong with one cyclone being the strongest to hit in the last 23 years (1984 to 2006).
• 2. This is part of a long‐term monitoring programme of subtropical coral communities that has been set up in AMW since May 1997 and AYW since May 1998 with nine fixed position 40 m long transects and 0.5 m × 0.5 m permanent quadrats laid at 5 m intervals along each transect. A total of 45 scleractinian coral species from 21 genera (12 families) was recorded, with 40 species in AMW and 32 species in AYW recorded at the beginning of the study.
• 3. Multidimensional scaling ordinations showed distinct spatial variations in the coral communities within and between sites. These variations were probably a result of the differential effects of the repeated cyclone impacts on the communities. Cyphastrea serailia, Goniopora lobata, Montipora peltiformis and Pavona decussata were the dominant species most strongly affected by cyclone impacts at AMW, experiencing a 6.2–16.2% loss of mean area cover during the study period. Some dominant species (e.g. P. decussata) in AYW also experienced a 6.5–14.3% loss of mean area cover within the same period.
• 4. Overall, these coral community structures appeared relatively stable and resistant to repeated physical disturbances. However, they may have low resilience towards more severe disturbances in the future. Preserving the resilience of coral communities/species in Tung Ping Chau should be one of the main goals of coral conservation strategies for the island.

Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.