蝎子草属植物的分类

在对我国１３个省区的蝎子草属植物进行调查、采集、鉴定大量植物标本的基础上，比较分析了国内外有关资料和模式标本，研究了其系统发育的规律性，提出蝎子草属４种２亚种的新观点。     

Age-related resistance to Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato is associated with the transition to flowering in Arabidopsis and is effective against Peronospora parasitica

As plants mature it has been observed that some become more resistant to normally virulent pathogens. The ability to manifest the Age-Related Resistance (ARR) response in Arabidopsis to Pseudomonas syringae pathovars tomato (Pst) coincided with the transition to flowering in plants both delayed and accelerated in the transition to flowering. ARR was also associated with a change in PR-1 gene expression, such that young plants expressed PR-1 abundantly at 3 days post inoculation (dpi) while mature plants expressed much less. The Arabidopsis ARR response requires SA accumulation via isochorismate synthase (ICS1) [24]. ICS1 was expressed one dpi with virulent and avirulent Pst in both young and mature plants. The ARR response was also effective versus avirulent Pst providing an additional 4-fold limitation in bacterial growth. Arabidopsis ARR was found to be ineffective against two necrotrophs, Erwinia carotovora subspecies carotovora (bacterium) and Botrytis cinerea (fungus) and one obligate biotroph, Erysiphe cichoracearum (fungus). However, mature wild type, SA-deficient sid2 and NahG plants supported little growth of the obligate biotrophic oomycete, Peronospora parasitica. Therefore ARR to P. parasitica appears to be SA-independent, however the level of ARR resistance was somewhat reduced in these mutants in some experiments. Thus, there may be numerous defence pathways that contribute to adult plant resistance in Arabidopsis.     

湖北锈色粒肩天牛一新亚种记述：鞘翅目：天牛科：沟胫天牛亚科

记述了一采自湖北钟祥的锈色粒肩天牛新亚种－－客店粒肩天牛Ａｐｒｉｏｎａ ｓｗａｉｎｓｏｎｉ ｋｅｄｉａｎａ ｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ。新亚种模式标本暂存于湖北农学院昆虫标本室。     

中国春蜓新种新记录种(蜻蜓目:春蜓科)

本文记述中国春蜒科6新种,1新亚种和1中国新记录种,各种均有特征图,并与近似种作了比较。模式标本保存在浙江自然博物馆昆虫标本室。     

First report on the Dutch elm disease pathogen Ophiostoma novo‐ulmi from Latvia

During 2017, Dutch elm disease was investigated on 67 Ulmus glabra and 29 Ulmus laevis samples from 28 sites in Latvia. The presence of Ophiostoma novo‐ulmi was detected in 61.2% of the samples from U. glabra and in 34.5% of the samples from U. laevis. In 11% of cases, hybrids between subsp. novo‐ulmi and subsp. americana were identified, particularly in the sites in the southern part of Latvia. This study presents the first verified record of Ophiostoma novo‐ulmi and its subspecies in Latvia.     

Comparison of fecal culture and F57 real-time polymerase chain reaction for the detection of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in Swiss cattle herds with a history of paratuberculosis

Background

Bovine paratuberculosis is an incurable chronic granulomatous enteritis caused by Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP). The prevalence of MAP in the Swiss cattle population is hard to estimate, since only a few cases of clinical paratuberculosis are reported to the Swiss Federal Food Safety and Veterinary Office each year.Fecal samples from 1,339 cattle (855 animals from 12 dairy herds, 484 animals from 11 suckling cow herds, all herds with a history of sporadic paratuberculosis) were investigated by culture and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for shedding of MAP.

Results

By culture, MAP was detected in 62 of 445 fecal pools (13.9%), whereas PCR detected MAP in 9 of 445 pools (2.0%). All 186 samples of the 62 culture-positive pools were reanalyzed individually. By culture, MAP was grown from 59 individual samples (31.7%), whereas PCR detected MAP in 12 individual samples (6.5%), all of which came from animals showing symptoms of paratuberculosis during the study. Overall, MAP was detected in 10 out of 12 dairy herds (83.3%) and in 8 out of 11 suckling cow herds (72.7%).

Conclusions

There is a serious clinically inapparent MAP reservoir in the Swiss cattle population. PCR cannot replace culture to identify individual MAP shedders but is suitable to identify MAP-infected herds, given that the amount of MAP shed in feces is increasing in diseased animals or in animals in the phase of transition to clinical disease.     

Widening the gene pool of cultivated lentils through introgression of alien chromatin from wild Lens subspecies

Wild Lens species/subspecies are a potential source for increasing genetic diversity in cultivated lentil. Four intraspecific crosses were attempted between cultivated and wild lentils. Viable hybrids were produced between L. culinaris ssp. culinaris × L. culinaris ssp. orientalis and L. culinaris ssp. culinaris × L. culinaris ssp. odomensis. Normal meiosis and pollen fertility were observed in the first set of crosses, whereas chromosomal abnormalities and reduced pollen fertility were observed in the second set of crosses. These crosses were also studied for some quantitative traits. The range, mean and coefficient of variation were calculated in parents, F₁, F₂ and BC₁ generations to determine the extent of variability generated in the cultivated lentil through introgression of genes from wild lentil. The cultivated lentil × L. culinaris ssp. orientalis crosses showed substantially higher variability for all the traits than crosses involving cultivated lentil ×L. culinaris ssp. odomensis. The results of the present study indicated that these wild subspecies can be exploited for breeding purposes and their variation can easily be utilized to widen the genetic base of the cultivated lentil.     

云南绢蝶一新种及四新亚种（锤角亚目：绢蝶科）

本文记述了云南绢蝶亚科一新种，即白马小绢蝶Ｐａｒｎａｓｓｉｕｓｂｉａｍａｎｅｎｓｉｓ，ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ和二新亚种，即西蒙织蝶白马亚种Ｐａｒｎａｓｓｉｕｓｓｉｍｏｂｉａｍａｎｅｎｓｉｓ，ｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．滇北织蝶人宇亚种Ｐ。ｂｒｉｌｅｙｉｒｅｎｚｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ，ｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．以及亚凤蝶亚种二新亚种，即匙三尾褐凤蝶冲江亚种Ｂｈｕｔａｎｉｔｉｓｔｈａｉｄｉｎａｃｈｏｎｇｊｉａｎｇｎｅｎｓｉｓ，ｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ     

记述中国蝴蝶新记录亚种

记述了中国2个蝴蝶新记录亚种,其中兰带枯叶蛱蝶云南亚种为枯叶蛱蝶属,采自云南省腾冲高黎贡山,研究标本保存于西南林业大学标本馆;云南矩环蝶马鞍底亚种为矩环蝶属,采自云南省红河州金平县马鞍底乡,研究标本保存于马鞍底中国·红河蝴蝶谷展览馆。