边界滑移对螺旋槽上游泵送机械密封性能的影响

为了研究边界滑移对上游泵送机械密封性能的影响,建立液膜三维几何模型和计算模型,基于 Navier 线性滑移模型对液膜壁面边界条件进行修正,采用商用软件 Fluent 的 SIMPLEC 算法及层流模型求解三维 Navier －Stokes 方程,并分析相对滑移量对液膜静压分布、开启力、摩擦扭矩、泄漏量的影响规律。结果表明：相对于边界滑移发生的位置,滑移速度的大小对密封性能的影响更大;当相对滑移量较小时,存在边界滑移与无滑移的模拟结果无明显区别,能很好地解释宏观无滑移边界假设的应用,当相对滑移量较大时液膜动压效应随滑移的增加而减弱,开启力、摩擦扭矩、泄漏量都随边界滑移的增加而减小;相对于开启力的降低,边界滑移的减阻和降低泄漏的效果更为明显;当开启力较小,应避免边界滑移发生;当开启力足够大时,加工成超疏水表面形成边界滑移,可极大地减少摩擦扭矩,降低能耗。     

Performance and Slip Control of Torque Converter Lock-up Clutch

The application of lock-up clutch slip control balances the fuel economy and drivability, and greatly improves the performance of hydraulic automatic transmission. The structure of the lock-up clutch and the friction material of lock-up clutch lining are discussed, a detailed research on varying characteristic due to engaging time during the lock-up clutch engagement is developed, too. By applying the slip control, lower fuel consumption is achieved.     

Nonlinear FEM Analysis of RC Staggered Joint by Using APDL Language

In order to settle some problems involved in applying ANSYS into nonlinear Finite Element Analysis of RC structure,this paper discusses the nonlinear FEM method for staggered joint,incorporating its experimental result.The main solved problems are as follows:(1) The fundamental process of nonlinear FEM analysis;(2) How to model the behaviors of reinforcement and concrete respectively;(3) How to model the bond-slip relationship between reinforcement and concrete.     

双轮驱动电动汽车防滑控制系统的研究

建立了双轮驱动电动汽车加速过程的1/4动力学模型,以滑转率为调节对象,提出了一种基于模糊自整定PID控制算法的驱动防滑控制系统.设计了双轮驱动电动汽车驱动防滑系统的模糊PID控制器,在Matlab/Simulink仿真环境下进行了动态仿真,对比仿真结果表明,模糊自整定PID控制器的性能优于单一的PID控制.     

Vehicle Lateral Stability Control Based on Sliding Model Control

In view of the vehicle cornering or path changing under ultimate handling maneuver, a 3-DOF nonlinear vehicle dynamics model which takes the vehicle lateral velocity, yaw rate and body roll angle as the State variables is presented. Based on the dynamic analysis, the method which using additional yaw moment produced by different longitudinal braking force among each wheels to improving vehicle handling stability in emergency situations is discussed. Considering the sideslip angle as one of the vehicle state variables is difficult to measuring, the sideslip angle estimation based on vehicle dynamic model and kinematics is designed. And then, based on the theory of siding model control, the combining sliding model control system is founded, which taking the vehicle yaw rate and body side-slip angle errors between the estimated and the real as the input variables, and taking the braking torque and the steering angle as control aims. The simulation results indicate that the control method can effectively improve the vehicle lateral handling stability.     

Analysis on the self-locking effect and slipping motion of balls in the screw pair

In view of self-locking and slipping phenomenon on restricting high-speed operation of ball screw, the model of ball screw is constructed and theoretical analysis of the movement feature of ball screw is made to reveal the reason of self-locking and slipping, and its influence on high-speed operation. Then the sliding speed format of ball screw is derived according to the movement rules of ball screw, and effective methods to avoid ball self-locking and slipping are put forward. Dynamics analysis is conducted with ADAMS software. Simulation results have confirmed the correctness of ball screw’ movement.     

平行刚性圆盘间有壁面滑移时宾汉流体的挤压流动

两平行刚性圆盘间流体的挤压流动模型是一个基本的力学模型。流体与壁面存在滑移会对挤压黏性力产生影响。以Reyno1ds润滑理论为基础，研究了存在滑移时两刚性圆盘间宾汉流体的挤压流动。研究结果表明，随着滑移参数的增加，挤压黏性力减小，流体刚性层厚度增加；当滑移参数超于无穷大时，所有流体都处于刚性运动状态，此时的挤压黏性力与两刚性圆盘挤压理想刚塑性介质时的情况相同。     

奶牛乳腺上皮细胞的原代培养

1材料与方法 1．1材料 1．1．1乳腺组织。从屠宰场选取健康的泌乳期奶牛,无菌手术切取乳腺实质组织,置于DMEM／F12完全培养液（含10％胎牛血清、100IU／ml青霉素和链霉素）中,尽快运回实验室。     

电动拖拉机动力电池压载构型设计与参数优化

为改善电动拖拉机动力电池压载效果以提升整机牵引性能,提出了一种位置可调的电池压载框架结构;基于牵引性能预测基本方程,以驱动效率、滑转率和前轴安全压载综合最优为目标建立电池压载参数优化模型,该模型可根据作业条件给出最优电池压载参数;在Matlab/Simulink仿真平台上搭建了电动拖拉机牵引作业仿真模型,针对负载1~5kN范围内的水平牵引工况,对电池压载参数优化前后的牵引性能进行了仿真对比分析;基于所提出的位置可调电池压载框架结构,搭建了电动拖拉机实验样机,并在室内土槽环境下对压载参数优化模型进行验证。结果表明：在保证前桥安全压载的前提下,所提出的电池压载构型使牵引车速和能量利用率分别提升4.16%和5.66%,有效提升了电动拖拉机的牵引作业性能。     

高地隙四轮独立驱动喷雾机路径跟踪模型预测控制

针对传统燃油驱动、前轮转向的高地隙喷雾机传动效率低、碳排放高、环境污染、智能化水平低、灵活性差等问题,本研究提出了一种适用于无人驾驶的高地隙四轮独立驱动（Four Wheel Independent Drive,4WID）喷雾机。其采用混合动力、前后双转向桥的4WID,转向半径小,前后轮的运行轨迹高度一致,能够减少田间植保作业时的压苗现象。考虑水田极端作业环境下驱动轮的滑移、陷坑等问题,基于喷雾机线性时变的运动学模型（LTV）,构建了考虑驱动轮滑移的分层路径跟踪控制。上层模型预测控制（Model Predictive Control,MPC）器根据预期路径、车辆当前位置,获得喷雾机的转向角和运动速度,实现路径跟踪。下层以模糊控制和积分分离PID控制构建驱动轮滑移控制器,从而实现路径跟踪、运动速度、驱动轮滑移的有效控制,提高了喷雾机在复杂作业环境中的稳定性和路径跟踪精度。采用Adams/Matlab的联合仿真结果表明,在复杂的工况条件下,喷雾机驱动轮的滑移率依然控制在±20%之内,防止驱动轮发生过度滑移对车速和转向角产生不良影响,有利于喷雾机稳定性的提升。本喷雾机能够快速准确地跟踪期望路径,与未考虑驱动轮滑移的控制相比,能够适应更加复杂的工作环境,跟踪精度有明显提升。