利用广亲和基因S5-n的功能标记鉴定特殊配组类型杂交种纯度研究

"粳不育系/广亲和恢复系"配组方式在浙江省得到了越来越多的应用。广亲和基因S5-n的功能标记可快速检测种子纯度。为验证水稻广亲和基因S5-n功能标记鉴定粳不育系/广亲和恢复系配组方式杂种一代的效果,我们分别将长粳1A和6个恢复系获得的F₁代进行大田统计和分子标记鉴定,结果显示,由于广亲和基因S5-n分子标记不能特异性检测出串粉形成的异形株,导致其鉴定结果较大田统计鉴定结果高1.0～2.0百分点。未来还需要进一步优化广亲和基因分子标记技术的特异性,进而提高分子检测的准确性,这将有助于杂交稻的安全生产。     

芦柑皮果胶提取工艺的研究

以烘干芦柑皮的粉末作为原料,采用酸水解乙醇沉淀法提取粗果胶.在参考料液比、pH值、浸提温度、浸提时间4个单因素提取效果的基础上,进行了L9(34)正交试验.优化试验以及方差分析结果表明,芦柑皮果胶提取的最佳工艺条件为:料液比1:10,pH值2.0,浸提温度85℃,浸提时间60min.在上述条件下,制备的果胶样品颜色呈乳...     

用酯酶同工酶和AFLP标记鉴定甘蓝型油菜"中油杂2号"的种子纯度

对甘蓝型油菜“中油杂2号”杂交种及其父母本的酯酶同工酶分析结果显示，父本和杂种F1比母本多一条迁移率(Rf)为0．8的条带，该特征条带可用来进行杂种纯度鉴定。在“中油杂2号”的父母本问筛选了20个AFLP引物组合，发现E33M59不仅扩增产物多态性好，而且有3条母本特异带和7条父本特异带在杂种F1中出现，因此该引物组合被用来进行“中油杂2号”种子纯度的鉴定。对5个“中油杂2号”样品进行纯度鉴定的结果表明，酯酶同工酶和AFLP标记鉴定与田间种植鉴定的结果相吻合。     

米根霉HZS6生产高光学纯度L-乳酸发酵条件的研究

通过研究和控制初始发酵条件,比较产物L-乳酸、D-乳酸组成变化,得出提高L-乳酸光学纯度的米根霉发酵生产条件：在pH6．0、温度34℃、初始葡萄糖浓度100g／L、NH。NO3 2g／L、添加1．5g／L L-乳酸的适合条件下,米根霉HZS6能够发酵生产光学纯度99％以上的L-乳酸,其转化率达到80％,终浓度为81．3g／L。     

芝麻油纯度快速定性、定量方法的研究及应用

通过发现芝麻油通常特质发生的异常变化和市场反常规贸易情况,确立了全新、快速、行之有效的芝麻油纯度定性方法;根据Villavecehia试验原理,研究建立了简便、灵敏、准确、特别快速的芝麻油纯度定量方法.对定性、定量法的原理、特质判定、测定方法和多年实际应用情况进行了详细的阐述.     

Nutrients management strategies to improve yield and quality of sugar beet in semi-arid regions

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of organic and inorganic fertilizers on the yield and quality of sugar beet genotypes (Beta vulgaris L.). Therefore, a field trial was carried out in Peshawar, Pakistan, during the winters in 2012–2013. The field experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with split plots, having three replications. Fertilizer treatments (control, composted manure Higo Organic Plus at 5 t ha^?1, Maxicrop Sea Gold seaweed extract at 5 L ha^?1, farm yard manure at 10 t ha^?1, inorganic nitrogen–phosphorus (NP) at 90:60 kg ha^?1, NP at 120:90 kg ha^?1 and NP at 150:120 kg ha^?1) were allotted to main plots, while genotypes (Sandrina, Serenada and Kawe Terma) were allotted to the sub-plots. Plots treated with the application of NP at 120:90 kg ha^?1 produced the highest beet yield (76.4 t ha^?1) and sugar yield (11.1 t ha^?1), and had the second highest polarizable sugar content (14.52%) and more economic return (Rs. 553,000 per hectare) as compared to control plots. Sugar beet genotype Serenada had significantly higher beet yield (55.5 t ha^?1) and sugar yield (7.9 t ha^?1) and a higher economic return (Rs. 380,000 per hectare) than the other genotypes. Sugar beet genotype Serenada supplied with NP at 120:90 kg ha^?1is recommended for the general cultivation in the agro-climatic conditions of Peshawar valley.     

利用SRAP分子标记技术鉴定大白菜种子纯度

以大白菜品种多抗3及其父母本为研究材料,利用SRAP（相关序列扩增多态性）分子标记方法,通过对54对SRAP标准引物的筛选,获得了能区分大白菜多抗3及其亲本的引物Me4F/Em3R。采Me4F/Em3R引物对对5份多抗3系列商品种子纯度进行检验,种子的纯度分别为75.5%、72%、80.5%、68%和73%,与田间种植纯度鉴定结果符合率分别为94.6%、89.3%、93.2%、95.5%和91.25%。说明利用SRAP分子标记方法对多抗3大白菜一代杂种进行快速、准确的纯度鉴定是可行的。     

两种林木总DNA提取效果的比较

试验以刺槐（Ｒｏｂｉｎｉａｐｓｅｕｄｏａｃａｃｉａ）和华北落叶松（Ｌａｒｉｘｐｒｉｎｃｉｐｉｓ－ｒｕｐｐｒｅｃｈｔｉ）为ＤＮＡ提取材料,采用２种提取ＤＮＡ方法,紫外光检测林木ＤＮＡ提取纯度,并计算ＤＮＡ收率。实验结果表明,不同林木总ＤＮＡ提取的效果存在一定差异,从刺槐和落叶松两树种的生理特性和生长特点等方面对试验结果作了比较和分析。     

Assessment of genetic purity of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) hybrid using molecular markers

Three DNA molecular marker systems, RAPD, ISSR and SSR, were used to test seed genetic purity of two commercial hybrid tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) cultivars ‘Hezuo 903’ and ‘Sufen No. 8’. Genomic DNA from the two F₁ hybrid cultivars and their corresponding parental lines was screened with 218 RAPD decamer primers, 54 ISSR primers and 49 SSR primers. Among the 321 primers, 4 primers for ‘Hezuo 903’ and 3 for ‘Sufen No. 8’, which could produce both female and male parent-specific markers, were selected for testing the genetic purity. A total of 210 hybrid individuals of each cultivar were analyzed using the identified primers. The combined results of the marker analysis showed that eight of the 210 F₁ plants in ‘Hezuo 903’ and 13 of 210 in ‘Sufen No. 8’ were false hybrids, and the overall genetic purity of the two F₁ hybrid seed lots was 96.2 and 93.8%, respectively. This study showed that RAPD and SSR markers could provide a practical and efficient tool in quality control of the tomato commercial hybrid seeds.     

种子纯度研究现状与发展

种子纯度鉴定是评定种子等级和质量的重要参考标准,也是我国当前种子质量检验工作的重点和难点.随着现代生物技术的不断发展,种子纯度鉴定技术由传统的形态标记鉴定逐步发展到集形态标记鉴定、生化标记鉴定和DNA分子标记鉴定为一体的综合鉴定技术体系.对现阶段主要的种子纯度鉴定技术进行了简要的介绍,分析了各种技术的优缺点和应用情况,...