Vegetative propagation of twelve fodder tree species indigenous to the Sahel,West Africa

In the Sahel region, many woody species are used as fodder because of their high nitrogen content, especially during the dry season, in contrast to grasses and crop residues. Unfortunately, this resource is being threatened by regular pruning, increasing livestock browsing and impeding their natural regeneration. Therefore, there is a need to find appropriate regeneration options to sustain fodder production. Thus, a series of vegetative propagation experiments were conducted to identify the most appropriate multiplication methods of some of the species used as fodder. This series included testing the effects of naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and indole butyric acid (IBA) on rooting ability of stem cuttings of 12 species: Afzelia africana, Balanites aegyptiaca, Bauhinia rufescens, Commiphora africana, Faidherbia albida, Ficus gnaphalocarpa, Guiera senegalensis, Kigelia africana, Pterocarpus erinaceus, Pterocarpus lucens, Pterocarpus santalinoides and Terminalia avicennioides. The series also evaluated the impacts of the size (C. africana) and the age (P. erinaceus) of the cuttings on their rooting success. Pterocarpus santalinoides was revealed to be an easy-to-root species, showing a high percentage of rooted cuttings (up to 88±3%), followed by P. erinaceus, P. lucens and B. aegyptiaca (up to 37±4%, 31±5% and 26±6%, respectively), in contrast to A. africana, cuttings of which did not root at all. The application of NAA and IBA enhanced the number of roots and secondary roots per rooted cutting. Large-diameter cuttings (15–20?mm) of deeply planted C. africana gave the highest percentage of rooted cuttings (78.3±4.4%). Tree pruning improved the rooting capacity of cuttings collected from P. erinaceus with one-month resprouts giving the highest percentage of rooted cuttings (50.0±6.7%). These results indicate that P. santalinoides, C. africana, P. erinaceus, P. lucens and B. aegyptiaca are amenable to vegetative propagation as an alternative to sexual propagation.     

Effective Method to the Renormalized Finite Quantity of the Meson Loop Propagator (I)

By using the Lorentz invariable coupling model of interaction between neutral meson and nucleon (antinucleon), Feynman convergence integral method is often used to deal with the finite quantity of one-loop correction scheme. On the basis of analyzing, discussing and researching the method, a new method is found. That is the large momentum integral limitation method. With the effective method, we obtain the integral convergence formulation for the finite quantity, by deducting-dimensionally calculating the finite quantity gained after renormalizing the meson loop propagator.     

Clonal propagation of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Bambusa vulgaris</Emphasis> by leafy branch cuttings

Bambusa vulgaris Schrad ex wendl is a widely cultivated bamboo species in rural Bangladesh for its versatile uses. The vegetative propagation becomes the only viable alternative for this species because B. vulgaris does not set seed after sparse flowering, which makes seedling progenies unavailable. A low-cost propagation trial was conducted to explore the clonal propagation techniques for the species with two types of small branch cuttings, nodal leafy cuttings and tip cuttings. The cuttings, after treatin...     

Clonal propagation of guava （Psidium guajava Linn.） by stem cutting from mature stockplants

Introduction Guava (Psidium guajava Linn.), belonging to the Family Myrtaceae, is originated in the tropical South America (Hayes 1970; Pathak and Ojha 1993) and grows wild in Bangladesh, India, Thailand, Brazil, Florida, West Indies, California and also …     

Effective Method Calculating the Renormalized Finite Quantity of the Meson Loop Propagator (II)

In the Lorentz Invariable Coupling Model of interaction between pion and nucleon (antinucleon), by applying the complex function integral method, the authors have strictly calculated the one-dimensional integral, which is derived from the great momentum integral limit, of the renormalized finite quantity of one-loop propagator and chain propagator in the momentum renormalization scheme and gained the finally strict analysis result. At the last, they have detailed these numerical results of the renormalized finite quantity, and also done the relevant discussion about these minute radiation corrections.     

Vegetative propagation of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Holarrhena pubescens</Emphasis>, a wild tropical medicinal plant: effect of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) on stem cuttings

The present study investigated the rooting ability and growth performance of juvenile single-node leafy stem cuttings of