小鼠胚胎干细胞体外定向诱导分化成骨细胞

将小鼠5d龄ES-D3细胞源的类胚体(EBs)单细胞,按5×104/mL接种6孔细胞培养板,在DMEM基础培养基中使EBs单细胞贴壁培养。于第14!21天时,分别添加60%成骨细胞条件培养液(A组)、50μg/mL维生素C"50mmol/Lβ-磷酸甘油(B组)和50μg/mL维生素C"50mmol/Lβ-磷酸甘油"1μmol/L地塞米松(C组),并设不添加诱导剂对照组(D组)。第22天时用1%茜素红染色显示阳性细胞,计算成骨细胞诱导形成率,数据用方差分析和多重比较检验。结果表明,A组细胞增殖呈团状聚集,茜素红染色阳性细胞结节多分布于聚集的细胞群内及其边缘,成骨细胞诱导形成率为10.04%,与对照组比较,差异极显著(P<0.01);B组诱导分化的细胞分泌物形成网状结构,茜素红染色阳性细胞分布在这些网状结构中,成骨诱导形成率为7.43%,与对照组比较差异显著(P<0.05);C组茜素红染色阳性细胞分散而均匀,但未出现网状结构,成骨细胞诱导形成率提高至27.57%,与对照组比较差异极显著(P<0.01)。     

Evidence for estrogen receptor expression during medullary bone formation and resorption in estrogen-treated male Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica)

The temporal expression of estrogen receptor (ER)-α and ER-β mRNA was examined in male Japanese quails. Femurs of quails receiving 17β-estradiol underwent RTPCR and histochemical analysis 1 to 15 days after treatment. Untreated quails were used as controls (day 0). Between days 0 and 5, cells lining the bone endosteal surface differentiated into osteoblasts, which in turn formed medullary bone. Expression of ER-α was already observed on day 0 and increased slightly during bone formation whereas ER-β was hardly detected throughout this process. After osteoclasts appeared on the medullary bone surface, this type of bone disappeared from the bone marrow cavity (days 7~15). ER-α expression simultaneously decreased slightly and ER-β levels remained very low. These results suggest that estrogen activity mediated by ER-α not only affects medullary bone formation but also bone resorption.     

松果菊苷对大鼠成骨细胞胃桥素基因和蛋白质的影响

为了探讨松果菊苷对体外培养大鼠成骨细胞骨桥素(OPN)mRNA和蛋白质表达的影响,选取出生24 h内的SD大鼠颅盖骨,依次用胰酶和胶原酶消化分离培养成骨细胞,用不同浓度的松果菊苷作用于第3代细胞,选取雌二醇为阳性对照,分别在药物作用24、48和72 h后提取细胞总RNA的表达量,用荧光定量PCR(FQ-PCR)法检测细胞中OPN mRNA的表达量;用Western blotting检测细胞中OPN蛋白的表达量。结果显示,各浓度松果菊苷在各个时间段均增加OPN基因的表达,尤其是5×10^-5和5×10^-6 mg/mL松果菊苷在各时间段均具有显著或极显著地促进作用(P＜0.05或P＜0.01);各浓度组在作用48 h时蛋白质的表达量均高于对照组。结果表明,松果菊苷对成骨细胞OPN基因表达有显著的促进作用,同时对OPN蛋白的分泌有促进的趋势。     

蒙古羊羊水源干细胞分离培养及其成骨分化研究

试验旨在建立羊水源干细胞系并对其诱导形成成骨细胞的潜能进行研究。在胎牛血清浓度为15%的条件下对羊水源干细胞进行建系,并检测其类胚体形成能力;检测不同代数细胞的干细胞标志基因Oct-4、SH2、SSEA-1、Nanog、HLA-ABC、CD117的表达情况;利用地塞米松、β-甘油磷酸钠、抗坏血酸等因子进行诱导。结果表明,羊水源干细胞在体外可以持续增殖,悬浮培养形成的类胚体表达三胚层相关标记基因,经诱导可形成成骨细胞。试验成功分离了蒙古羊的羊水源干细胞并建系,且其具有向成骨细胞分化的潜能。     

铅对SD大鼠成骨细胞磷脂酰胆碱特异性磷脂酶C的影响

在体外培养新生sD乳鼠的成骨细胞中暴露不同浓度的醋酸铅（O、20、40、80μmol／L）,作用24h后检测细胞磷脂酰胆碱特异性磷脂酶C（PC-PLC）活性与PC—PLC蛋白的表达量。结果表明：不同浓度的醋酸铅均可使成骨细胞PC—PLC活性和PC-PLC蛋白表达量极显著降低（P〈0．01）,呈明显的剂量-效应关系,表明成骨细胞铅暴露可通过抑制PC—PLC而发挥毒性作用。     

nHA／PCL复合材料组分配比对成骨细胞骨相关基因表达的影响研究

通过半定量反转录RT—PCR的方法,研究了不同配比的复合材料纳米羟基磷灰石／聚已内酯／（nHA／PCL）（nHA：PCL1=40：60和nHA：PCL2=60：40）对成骨细胞骨相关基因（成骨细胞碱性磷酸酶、骨钙素蛋白、骨粘连蛋白和骨桥蛋白等）表达的影响．结果表明：在nHA／PCL复合材料上生长的成骨细胞的骨钙蛋白、骨粘连蛋白和骨桥蛋白mRNA表达量上调;在PCL材料上生长的成骨细胞的骨钙蛋白、骨粘连蛋白和骨桥蛋白mRNA的表达量下调;而nHA／PCL和PCL均使碱性磷酸酶基因的表达下调。     

Cadmium induces apoptosis in primary rat osteoblasts through caspase and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways

Exposure to cadmium (Cd) induces apoptosis in osteoblasts (OBs); however, little information is available regarding the specific mechanisms of Cd-induced primary rat OB apoptosis. In this study, Cd reduced cell viability, damaged cell membranes and induced apoptosis in OBs. We observed decreased mitochondrial transmembrane potentials, ultrastructure collapse, enhanced caspase-3 activity, and increased concentrations of cleaved PARP, cleaved caspase-9 and cleaved caspase-3 following Cd treatment. Cd also increased the phosphorylation of p38-mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK)1/2 and c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) in OBs. Pretreatment with the caspase inhibitor, N-benzyloxycarbonyl-Val-Ala-Asp-fluoromethylketone, ERK1/2 inhibitor (U0126), p38 inhibitor (SB203580) and JNK inhibitor (SP600125) abrogated Cd-induced cell apoptosis. Furthermore, Cd-treated OBs exhibited signs of oxidative stress protection, including increased antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase and glutathione reductase levels and decreased formation of reactive oxygen species. Taken together, the results of our study clarified that Cd has direct cytotoxic effects on OBs, which are mediated by caspase- and MAPK pathways in Cd-induced apoptosis of OBs.     

纳米磷酸三钙/明胶/鹿茸多肽复合材料的制备及对人成骨细胞增殖、分化及矿化的影响

探讨反相微乳液法制备的β-纳米磷酸三钙/明胶/鹿茸多肽复合材料(简称纳米复合材料)对人成骨细胞功能的影响.利用反相微乳液法制备纳米复合材料,扫描电镜观察其形态,EDX与SELDI-TOF-MS分析对复合材料进行表征.采用MTT比色法、茜素红染色法检测纳米复合材料对体外培养的人成骨细胞hFOB1.19的增殖、矿化结节形成的影响;采用全自动生化分析仪检测hFOB细胞碱性磷酸酶活性(ALP).结果表明该纳米复合材料可促进人成骨细胞增殖,提高ALP活性并增加矿化结节形成的数量,可促进人成骨细胞的增殖、分化成熟及矿化.     

狭鳕鱼皮胶原肽对过氧化氢诱导的人成骨细胞氧化损伤作用

[目的]复制过氧化氢诱导人成骨细胞氧化损伤模型,探讨狭鳕鱼皮胶原肽保护作用机制。[方法]以人成骨细胞为研究对象,将对数生长期的细胞分为6组:正常对照组、H_2O_2损伤组、胶原蛋白肽低(100μg/m L)、中(300μg/m L)、高(600μg/m L)浓度组、阳性对照组(300μg/m L维生素E),CCK-8法检测成骨细胞的存活率,酶联免疫法检测细胞培养液中SOD、MDA的含量,PCR技术检测Foxo3amRNA的表达水平,Western blot技术检测Sirt1、Foxo3a的蛋白表达水平。[结果]与模型组相比,胶原肽组细胞存活率及SOD的水平升高,MDA含量下降,Foxo3amRNA及蛋白表达水平下降,Sirt1蛋白表达水平上升。[结论]300μmol/L H_2O_2可成功复制成骨细胞氧化损伤模型;一定浓度的胶原蛋白肽能降低MDA的含量,提高SOD水平,并具有抗氧化损伤功能,胶原肽对成骨细胞的保护作用可能与下调Foxo3a和上调Sirt1的表达水平有关。