The Inheritance of Aliphatic Glucosinolates in Brassica napus

The inheritance of aliphatic glucosinolates was studied in crosses between synthetic B. napus lines and oilseed rape cultivars. Six unlinked loci are described which determine the aliphatic glucosinolate profile of B. napus. One locus regulates the presence or absence of propyl glucosinolates, while another regulates the expression of pentyl glucosinolates. Two loci regulate the removal of the terminal H₃CS-group from the amino acid derivative to produce alkenyl glucosinolates as opposed to methylthioalkyl and methylsulphinylalkyl glucosinolates, regardless of the length of the alkyl chain. Likewise, another two loci regulate the hydroxylation of both butenyl and pentenyl glucosinolates. The functional alleles at one of the hydroxylation loci results in significantly more hydroxylation than those at the other locus. The large number of aliphatic glucosinolates which have been described in Brassica thus results from an interaction between genes which regulate side chain elongation and genes which modify the structure of the side chain, regardless of its length. The implications of this study for the biosynthesis of aliphatic glucosinolates, the origin of B. napus and the potential to manipulate the leaf and seed glucosinolate profile of oilseed rape are discussed.     

杉木—千年桐人工混交林种内种间竞争关系分析

采用Hegyi单木竞争指数模型对闽北地区3-5年生杉木—千年桐混交林及杉木纯林的种内种间竞争强度进行定量分析。结果表明,杉桐混交林的竞争强度均高于同龄纯林,随林龄增长,竞争强度逐渐减弱。杉桐混交林中以杉木之间的种内竞争为主导。无论纯林还是混交林,对象木受到的竞争强度基本随径级的增加而减少。杉木对象木的胸径大小与杉木种内、杉桐种间的竞争强度呈幂函数关系,其胸径大小与竞争强度之间呈现显著的负相关关系。由预测结果可知,当杉木胸径达到30 cm后,林分竞争强度趋缓。     

千年桐种源间叶绿素荧光特性的比较

以不同种源千年桐叶片为试验材料,测定叶绿素荧光参数Fo、Fm、Fv/Fo、Fv/Fm、Yield、qP和qN,结果表明:不同种源千年桐叶片的叶绿素荧光参数Fv/Fm、Fv/Fo、qP值均存在极显著差异,Yield值存在显著差异.参数Fv/Fm、Fv/Fo、Yield是林木光合效率的重要依据,其中莆田种源的三值均较高.据千年桐不同种源荧光参数综合指标投影值的计算结果,6个种源的优劣排序为:莆田>建阳>尤溪>顺昌>沙县>政和.结合叶片SPAD值、苗木的苗高和地径以及叶片的叶绿素荧光参数综合考虑,千年桐的早期选择可以优先考虑莆田种源、建阳种源和尤溪种源.     

Monthly variation in litterfall and the amount of nutrients in an Aleurites montana plantation

In this study,the dynamics of monthly variation in litterfall and the amount of nutrients,i.e.,organic C,N,P and K,in an Aleurites montana plantation were analyzed,based on a field study and experiments over one year.The results show that the litterfall mass of A.montana collected generally presents an ascending trend with maximum defoliation occurring in the autumn and winter (October-December),accounting for 75.67% of the total amount of annual litterfall.The sequence in the amount of nutrients in A.montana litter was as follows:organic C > N > K > P;their monthly amounts show various dynamic curves.Similar to the dynamics of the mass of monthly litterfall,the monthly returns of C,N,P and K generally show an ascending trend with their peak values all occurring in December.The mass of A.montana litterfall and the dynamics of its monthly nutrient return provide,to a certain degree,a scientific reference for planting and fertilizing A.montana.     

不同配比基质对千年桐容器苗生长的影响

为了寻找千年桐（Vernicia montana）容器育苗最佳基质,采用随机区组试验设计,运用方差分析、多重比较等方法,研究不同基质配方对千年桐容器苗生长的影响。结果表明,不同基质配比对千年桐容器苗地径、苗高、地上鲜重、整株干重、地上干重存在极显著影响,对整株鲜重存在显著影响;试验设计的9 种基质中,泥炭100% 加上定量钙镁磷及复合肥、泥炭66%+ 黄心土34% 加上定量钙镁磷及复合肥这两种基质配方的千年桐容器苗地径、苗高、生物量生长最佳,千年桐容器育苗的最佳基质配方为泥炭66%+ 黄心土34% 加上定量钙镁磷及复合肥。     

千年桐苗木生长规律研究

以千年桐1年生播种苗为研究对象,对其苗高、地径的生长规律和苗高、地径与气象因子的关系等进行研究。试验结果表明：Logistic方程可较好地反映1年生千年桐的苗高、地径生长规律;日平均气温是影响苗高生长的主要气象因子,气象因子与地径生长关系不大。     

不同内生真菌对千年桐幼苗生长及主要矿质元素的影响

为探讨内生真菌对植株生长及养分含量的影响,选取8种千年桐内生真菌菌株对千年桐幼苗接种,60 d后测定植株生长指标以及叶片和根系部分主要矿质元素含量。结果表明,拟盘多毛孢属和盾壳霉属菌株对地径和苗高增长的影响最为明显。接种1∶2比例混合的木霉属与毛霉菌属菌株后,苗木生物量和根冠比的增幅显著。盾壳霉属、链格孢属以及木霉属菌株处理后叶片氮含量较对照增加了50%以上,根系氮含量增加了85%以上。链格孢属以及木霉属菌株有效地推动了千年桐幼苗磷含量的增长,较对照增幅超过2倍以上。盾壳霉属和木霉属菌株较大程度提高了幼苗的钾含量。对比不同菌株处理对促进千年桐幼苗的叶片和根系养分元素含量的效果可发现,接种盾壳霉属、链格孢属和木霉属菌株后,植株根系氮和磷含量的增加程度显著高于地上部分;而镰刀菌属和生赤壳属菌株对促进植株根系钾含量的效果更为明显。相较于单种菌株,木霉属和毛霉菌属菌株混合接种就促进植株养分吸收的效果而言并未表现出明显优势。     

不同栽培基质对毛木耳菌丝体生长的影响

[目的]研究不同栽培基质对毛木耳菌丝体生长的影响。[方法]按不同树种(油桐)、木屑粒径、有无淋洗以及是否添加杏鲍菇菌渣,设计14个处理,观察毛木耳菌丝体生长情况。[结果]尾巨桉粗木屑耳袋菌丝密度大、长势好,前期生长速度快、中后期略显后劲不足;木屑不淋洗处理菌丝的生长速度总体较快,前期生长速度慢、中期快、后期明显减慢,与淋洗处理相反;尾巨桉木屑添加杏鲍菇菌渣后,生长速度总体较慢,生长后期后劲不足;油桐木屑菌丝生长总体优于尾巨桉。[结论]该研究可为毛木耳栽培基质的筛选提供参考。     

近自然生态条件下千年桐竞争关系的研究

以近自然生态条件下千年桐直播造林林分为研究对象,研究其种内种间竞争关系。结果表明：直播造林林分中千年桐胸径＜8 cm时,千年桐种内竞争较弱,胸径在8～13 cm时,其竞争指数增长特别快,种内竞争非常大;当胸径＞13 cm时,种内竞争指数逐渐减少;其种间竞争中与杉木的竞争最为强烈。千年桐种内竞争与距离的关系表现为当其距离＜1.0 m时,其竞争指数最高,种内竞争最为激烈;距离在2.0～3.5 m时,种内竞争指数较为稳定;当其距离超过3.5 m后,千年桐种内竞争指数逐渐变小,竞争强度逐渐减弱。     

千年桐育苗技术与苗木生长规律初步研究

对福建省建阳市千年桐育苗技术与苗木生长规律进行了初步研究。结果表明,千年桐1年生苗高平均123.67 cm,最高的149 cm;平均地径1.87 cm,最粗的2.5 cm;>5 cm Ⅰ级侧根7-13条,根系较发达,利于裸根苗造林。播种后48 d左右苗木开始出土,1年生苗可出圃造林;6月中旬-9月中旬为苗木生长高峰期,期间要加强肥水管理,促进苗木生长;9月下旬基本停止生长,9月中旬开始不宜追施N肥,9月中旬-10月应适量施P、K肥,以促进苗木直径生长和苗木木质化。