靠接换砧矫治枳砧甜橙缺铁黄化研究

靠接红桔、酸桔和枸头橙砧,矫治枳砧甜橙缺铁黄化有明显效果。其中,以枸头橙效果最好,以下依次为酸桔和红桔,靠接砧苗后树势逐年恢复,产量成倍增加,靠接红桔、酸桔和枸头橙分别比对照增产3.3、1.4和1.5倍;对提高果实含糖量、果汁率和降低含酸量亦有良好效果。     

THE DEVELOPMENT OF ON-LINE AUTOMATIC MEASURING EQUIPMENTS OF INCREMENTAL LINEAR SENSORS

The auto-measurement of incremental linear transducer by a micro-computer is described and the data of the incremental linear transducer are gained by a computer. Under the control of the computer programme, the on-line datum processing is done and the power spectrum of the data is analyzed by the computer. Thus the auto-measurement of the incremental linear transducer is realized.     

基于透射型体布拉格光栅衍射效率的研究

基于Kogelnik耦合波理论,推导了透射体布拉格光栅的衍射效率方程,数值仿真分析了折射率调制幅度、晶体厚度、相位失配参量、角度偏移量和波长偏移量等光栅写入参数对体光栅衍射效率的影响.结果表明:当入射波和衍射波没有发生相位失配时,衍射效率最大;当以布拉格角入射时,衍射效率将随介质的厚度和折射率的空间调制幅度的增加而增加;当入射光满足布拉格条件时,不同厚度和折射率调制幅度的体光栅衍射效率为100%;只要入射光偏离布拉格条件一个很小的量,体光栅衍射效率就会迅速下降;当偏离量超出一定范围,衍射效率就降低为0.同时,并非是体光栅折射率的空间调制幅度越深,衍射效率越高.     

SIDE LOBES AND GRATING LOBES ARTIFACTS IN ULTRASOUND IMAGING

Side lobes and grating lobes are both unwanted parts of the ultrasound beam emitted off axis that produce image artifacts due to error in positioning the returning echo. The purpose of this study was to reproduce artifacts associated with side lobes and grating lobes in vitro using different transducer types and recognize these artifacts in vivo. A phantom, composed of a water bath, a metallic wire, and a wooden tongue depressor, was imaged using a linear array, a curved linear array, a vector array, and a sector mechanical transducer. When imaging the metallic wire in a transverse plane, an echogenic artifact was constantly seen on each side of the wire, with a shape and intensity variable with the transducer type. The artifact was curvilinear and concave (linear and curved linear arrays), or curvilinear and convex (vector array and the mechanical transducer). When the tongue depressor was imaged in a longitudinal plane, the artifact was a straight line (linear array), a curved convex line(curved array), a series of convex curvilinear echo (vector array) or a small convex curvilinear echo (mechanical transducer). In vivo situations similar to the phantom experiment were investigated using clinical patients. Artifacts produced in vitro were recognized in vivo when a highly reflective object (urinary bladder wall) was imaged adjacent to an anechoic region (urine). These artifacts corresponded to the principle of secondary ultrasound lobes, and were therefore interpreted as such.     

A plating method without coarsing for metallization of fiber bragg grating in intelligent metal structures

In order to protect the system of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) and keep its sensing performance on a high score, an adhesive-free bond which is considered as the alternative for epoxy adhesive technology is demanded. An electroless Ni-P plating process without coarsing for fiber Bragg grating was presented. With this plating method, the FBG was coated with a metal clad of Ni-P. By Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy Dispersive Spectrometer (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Temperature vibration tests, the composition, structure and adhesion force of the plating coatings were analyzed. And the results indicate that the coating is smooth, flat and compact. The solder ability of Ni-P clad was tested by welding the FBG into metal components, and the results reveal that the coating films can meet the requirements of an adhesive-free bond.     

FBG传感器在特殊洞段结构稳定性监测中的应用

光纤光栅传感器具有抗电磁干扰、无需供电、耐腐蚀、灵敏度高等特点,已广泛应用于土木水利工程领域.引水隧洞作为水利行业一种常见的建筑结构,受隧洞本身结构、工程及环境等特点影响,其部分特殊洞段结构存在安全隐患,需对其进行长期有效的稳定性监测.以甘肃省引洮供水一期工程7号隧洞为例,介绍光纤传感技术在引水隧洞结构安全监测中的应用...     

Evaluating Method of the Coordination Deformation between Asphalt Mixture and Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor

The study on the coordination deformation between asphalt mixture and Fiber Bragg Grating strain sensor (FBG) is the precondition and foundation to solve the problem of FBG application in pavement. According to the two kinds of FBG developed recently (they were classified into three categories based on the application features), we designed an accuracy evaluation testing method for FBG and asphalt mixture coordination deformation, and conducted the strain test of asphalt mixture by static loading and dynamic loading. The result indicates that using FBG after strain modification to measure the internal stain of the pavement structure is feasible. Compared with other kinds of sensors, module matching FBG has a better test effect, and this kind of FBG is able to reflect the accumulative deformation of asphalt mixture to some extent.     

差线栅位移传感器参数设计准则

差线栅位移传感器的机械参数对其性能有决定性的影响.其参数设计过程中需考虑的因素和遵循的规律比较独特.推导了含有分辨率准则、精度准则、幅值准则、波形准则的差线栅位移传感器参数设计准则,为传感器的结构设计和机械参数选择提供了理论依据.     

Root architecture characteristics of plant inlay in live slope grating

In the experimental garden of the Department of Soil Bioengineering and Landscape Construction, University of Applied Life Sciences in Vienna, Austria, coarse root systems of three different brush species were completely excavated and semi-automatically digitized. The species were Lonicera xylosteum, Ligustrum vulgare and Euonymus europaeus. The 3-D root ar-chitectures reveal different growth strategies between species, which are related to ecological characteristics and physical soil proper-ties. The root architecture of Lonicera xylosteum and Ligustrum vulgare, planted in the under layer of the live slope grading, where the soil is very tight and the soil water content and fertility are relatively low, is shallow. However, the root distribution of E. eu-ropaeus, planted in the middle layer, where environmental conditions are better, is deeper. Most of the root biomass of the three spe-cies is concentrated in the 0-30 cm soil layer. A quarter of the root biomass of Ligustrum vulgare is distributed in the upper layer of the plant inlay. E. europaeus has a relatively even distribution in the 30-60 cm and 60-90 cm soil layer.     

基于光纤监测技术的混凝土结构损伤识别试验研究

在介绍光纤光栅传感器的基本原理基础上 ,利用光纤光栅混凝土应变传感器、混凝土温度传感器与钢筋应变传感器对两根混凝土梁损伤前后的混凝土应变、钢筋应变与混凝土内部温度进行了短期的监测 ,监测结果同电阻应变片的监测结果与数值模型的分析结果进行了对比。分析表明 :传感器成活率高 ,埋设工艺可靠 ;光纤传感器采集的数据与电阻应变片、理论模型获取的结果接近 ,可信性高 ;短期监测数据反映客观规律 ,光纤监测技术可以作为长期监测有效手段之一。