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2.
Variability in the performance of juvenile Chinook salmon is explained primarily by when and where they resided in estuarine habitats 下载免费PDF全文
Paul Chittaro Lyndal Johnson David Teel Paul Moran Sean Sol Kate Macneale Richard Zabel 《Ecology of Freshwater Fish》2018,27(3):857-873
Estuarine habitats provide rearing opportunities for the juvenile life stage of anadromous fishes. Because survival is positively correlated with juvenile performance, these estuarine habitats play an important role in population abundance and productivity. To provide information for the recovery of several depressed stocks of Chinook salmon in the Columbia River Basin, we sought to identify the factors that explain variability in performance. Using otolith‐derived estimates of juvenile somatic growth rate as an index of recent performance, we observed a negative nonlinear relationship between growth rate and day of year, and a decreasing and increasing trend of growth rate over the 8 years of this study and distance from the river mouth respectively. Using a generalised linear modelling approach, we found that variability in juvenile somatic growth rate was best explained by where and when individuals were collected, their body size, contaminant loads, stock of origin, and whether a fish was hatchery produced or unmarked. Lastly, we argue that a considerable improvement to the growth rate of juveniles in estuarine habitats is physiologically possible. The results of this 8‐year study provide a baseline of the performance of juvenile Chinook salmon to evaluate habitat restoration programs and to compare against future anthropogenic conditions. 相似文献
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Fa-chao SUN Min TAN Yuan-chao ZHANG Yu-chao WANG Sheng-liang CAO Guo-fei DING Fang-yuan CONG Li-hong GUO Si-dang LIU Yi-hong XIAO 《农业科学学报》2019,18(7):1436-1442
To investigate the epizootic of swine influenza virus(SIV), 60 nasal swabs were collected from a clinical cases of pig farm in Tai'an City, Shandong Province of China in April 2017. SIV was isolated by inoculating into 10-day-old Special Pathogen Free embryonated eggs and the whole genome was sequenced. An H1N1 subtype SIV was isolated and designated as A/swine/Shandong/TA04/2017(H1N1). Phylogenetic analysis showed that apart from the polymerase A(PA) fragment belonging to the 2009 pandemic H1N1 branch, seven genome segments belonged to avian-like H1N1 influenza virus lineage. The cleavage site sequence of the hemagglutinin(HA) protein was PSIQSR↓G, which is a typical molecular biological characteristic. Five potential N-glycosylation sites(N14, N26, N277, N484 and N543) were found in the HA gene. To further investigate the epidemiology of SIV in this farm, the 995 serum samples were assessed with EAH1N1 2009 pandemic H1N1 and H3 N2 antigens. The results showed that the total positive rate was 65.43%. The positive rates of single virus infection detected by EAH1N1, 2009 pdmH1N1 and H3 N2 for serum HI(Hemagglutination inhibition) were 48.35, 30.85 and 7.47%, respectively. The results showed that SIV in Shandong Province has been reassorted in some segments and the SIV-positive rate was high on the SIV outbreak farm. These data provide evidence of an epizootic of SIV. 相似文献
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Establishing an eyeball-weight relationship for Litopenaeus vannamei using machine vision technology
This study aimed to establish a shrimp eyeball-weight relationship model for Litopenaeus vannamei using machine vision technology. A total of 295 shrimp were sampled from a recirculating aquaculture system (RAS). The long-axis length (d), body length (L), and body weight (W) of each individual was measured. The long axis length of the shrimp eyeball was identified and measured using machine vision technology. Continuous fitting and piecewise fitting models were used to construct the eyeball-weight relationship model for L. vannamei. The continuous fitting relationship model was described as: W = 38.865d2.7914, while the piecewise model was described as: d < 2 mm, W = 0.0326d3.7363, R² = 0.9288; 2 mm ≤ d < 3.9 mm, W = 0.0401d3.104, R² = 0.9629; 3.9 mm ≤ d < 5.8 mm, W = 0.0421d3.0311, R² = 0.9216; 5.8 mm < d, W = 0.103d2.6226, R² = 0.9457. The root mean square error (RMSE) of the piecewise fitting model (0.0244, 0.1575, 0.5034, 0.7072) was smaller than the continuous fitting model (0.8229). The correlation coefficient (R2) of the piecewise model (0.9288, 0.9629, 0.9216, and 0.9457) was similar to that of the continuous fitting model (R2 = 0.9621). The results indicated that the piecewise fitting model is suitable for calculating the biomass of L. vannamei in RAS and provides a novel way of estimating the biomass of L. vannamei cultured in RAS. The piecewise fitting model can also provide the foundation of evaluating the production of shrimp using underwater image recognition in intelligent aquaculture systems. 相似文献
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提出了一种在线测量混炼胶粘度的新方法.该方法以模糊建模技术为基础,综合考虑混炼过程各因素对胶料粘度的影响,建立起胶料粘度的在线测量模型.在模糊建模中,采用T-S模型描述胶料粘度变化的非线性过程,提出了一种基于相似性判别的模糊聚类算法以自动确定合适的聚类组数目,并用实数编码的遗传算法优化全局参数,从而获得了规则简化的、具有较高精度的模糊模型.根据此方法,设计了测量装置,并进行了现场试验.试验结果表明模糊模型输出与实验室测量值基本一致,平均误差较低且最大误差未超过1门尼.该方法较大地提高了橡胶混炼的生产效率,为粘度最优控制奠定了基础. 相似文献
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伦理是社会工作中的重要议题。在实务领域中,当社会上作者与案主不单是两者之间的专业关系,而产生了朋友、雇主、师生、商业伙伴甚至性伙伴等关系的时候,他就陷入了双重关系的困境。文章从美国社会工作伦理守则历次修订对此的限制入手。完整介绍双重关系的定义与分类,并提出处理双重关系的办法与建议。 相似文献
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采用沙黄松天然林自由授粉家系7年生树干材积的材料,分析了联合选择遗传增益结构模式。结果表明:亚群体间存在极显著差异,亚群体内家系间差异不显著;联合选择增益结构模式为亚群体间72.44%、亚群体内家系间3.55%、单株间24.01%。 相似文献
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