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E. J. Knights 《Euphytica》1993,69(3):163-166
Summary A spontaneous fasciated mutant was detected in the chickpea cv. Amethyst. It was characterised by broad, strap-like stems, irregular leaf arrangement and clustering of pods towards the stem apices. F2 and F3 segregations showed that fasciation was controlled by a single, recessive gene for which the symbol fas is proposed. Field trials comparing the fasciated mutant with its non-fasciated isoline showed that fasciation was associated with lower yield, larger seeds, delayed flowering and increased lodging. 相似文献
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Summary Inheritance of fasciation was investigated in reciprocal crosses between two lettuce varieties: Suzan (non-fasciated) and Noran (fasciated). In glasshouses parental plants, F1, F2, and F3 populations were assessed for fasciation according to a scale from 0 (non-fasciated)-9 (extremely fasciated).The observed environmental variation for fasciation of the homozygous parents was very low or absent, but the environmental variation for the F1 populations was large. On the basis of this large variation of the heterozygous F1 plants we supposed that such a variation also occurred in F2 and F3 populations.Considerable mortality was observed in all generations, which supposedly occurred at random in parents and F1 but was non-random in the segregating F2 and F3 populations. So, means and variances of F2 populations will be biased and therefore they were not used for genetical analyses of fasciation.From F1 and F3 populations and from some F2 populations it appeared that no differences occurred between reciprocals. The differences for fasciation between reciprocal F2 populations in the 1977 A experiment may result from non-random plant survival. A regression of F3-means on the values for fasciation of parental F2 plants, adjusted for their inbreeding, resulted in a realized h2-narrow of 0.4. This indicates that in the surviving plants of the F2 populations still additive genetic variation was present to select successfully for non-fasciated plants. 相似文献
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柿树带化和刺槐丛枝的PCR检测 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
根据植物菌原体16SrRNA基因序列,合成一对寡核苷酸引物,用SDS CTAB改进法直接提取田间发病的柿树带化病、刺槐丛枝病树和健康树皮层的DNA,用PCR方法成功地从病树DNA模板中扩增出约1.17kb的特异产物,经酶切进一步证实为植物菌原体16SrDNA.此项研究表明用特异合成的引物F16/R16,经PCR扩增可以快速灵敏地检测植物菌原体. 相似文献
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Stem fasciation is a morphological abnormality observed in plants where the stem is widened and leaves and flowers or pods are clustered at the apex. Several spontaneous mutants and one induced mutant for stem fasciation are found in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). This study was aimed at determining allelic relationship between spontaneous and induced mutant genes controlling stem fasciation and effects of stem fasciation on grain yield. Two spontaneous (ICC 2042 and ICC 5645) and one induced (JGM 2) stem fasciation mutants were crossed in all combinations, excluding reciprocals. The F1 and F2 plants from a cross between the two spontaneous mutants had fasciated stem. This indicated the presence of a common gene (designated fas1) for stem fasciation in the two spontaneous mutants. The F1s of the crosses of the induced mutant JGM 2 with both spontaneous mutants had normal plants and segregated in a ratio of 9 normal : 7 fasciated plants in F2. Thus, the gene for stem fasciation in the induced mutant JGM 2 (designated fas2) is not allelic to the common gene for stem fasciation in spontaneous mutants. The two genes in dominant condition produced normal non‐fasciated stem. The fasciated and the non‐fasciated F2 plants did not differ significantly for number of pods per plant, number of seeds per plant, grain yield per plant and seed size, suggesting that it is possible to exploit the fasciated trait in chickpea breeding without compromising on yield. 相似文献
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Maize participatory breeding in Portugal: Comparison of farmer's and breeder's on‐farm selection
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Pedro Mendes‐Moreira Zlatko Satovic João Mendes‐Moreira João Pedro Santos João Pedro Nina Santos Silas Pêgo Maria Carlota Vaz Patto 《Plant Breeding》2017,136(6):861-871
“VASO” is a Portuguese participatory maize breeding project (1984), where several maize landraces such as “Pigarro” have been selected both by a farmer's (phenotypic recurrent selection) and a breeder's approach (S2 lines recurrent selection). The objectives of this study were to determine the phenotypic and genotypic responses to participatory selection using these two different approaches, to clarify to which extent both selection methods preserve genetic diversity, and conclude what is the preferred method to apply in sustainable farming systems. The results, obtained via ANOVA, regression analyses and molecular markers, indicate that for both selection methods, genetic diversity was not significantly reduced, even with the most intensive breeder's selection. Although there were some common outputs, such as the determinated versus indeterminated ears, cob and ear weight ratio per ear and rachis 2, specific phenotypic traits evolved in opposite directions between the two selection approaches. Yield increase was only detected during farmer selection, indicating its interest on PPB. Candidate genes were identified for a few of the traits under selection as potential functional markers in participatory plant breeding. 相似文献
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