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Phenolic acids are major components of cell walls in wheat and have important implications on human health as antioxidants with anti-tumor activity. Our objectives were to identify phenolic acid genes in wheat by single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) detected within the coding sequences of candidate genes, and to identify chromosomal regions associated with single phenolic acids and total soluble phenolic compounds. A set of candidate genes involved in the biosynthesis of hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives were identified by comparative genomics. SNPs found in the coding sequences of six genes (PAL1, PAL2, C4H, C3H, COMT1 and COMT2) were used to determine their chromosomal location and accurate map position on two reference consensus linkage maps. The genome-wide association study (GWAS), based on genotyping a tetraploid wheat collection with 81,587 gene-associated SNPs, detected 22 quantitative trait loci (QTL) distributed on almost all durum wheat chromosomes. Two QTL for p-coumaric acid were coincident with the phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL2) and p-coumarate 3-hydroxylase (C3H) genes on chromosome arms 2AL and 1AL, respectively. The availability of candidate gene-based markers can allow elucidating the mechanism of phenolic acids accumulation in wheat kernels and exploiting the genetic variability of phenolic acids content for the nutritional improvement of wheat end-products. 相似文献
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Landscape modeling requires the delineation of system boundaries and interior features. Quite often, these components are
complex and difficult to accurately represent. A rectangular grid is used to represent the study and adjacent non-study areas
in most cases. When the non-study area occupies a large portion of the grid, computer memory is wasted, and computational
time increases. An elliptical grid generator for non-orthogonal curvilinear coordinates is used to generate a boundary-fitted
grid for a landscape model. In a boundary-fitted grid coordinate system, one coordinate axis follows the landscape domain
boundary and is non-orthogonal to the second axis. The boundary-fitted grid uses elliptic partial differential equations to
distribute grid points inside the landscape domain. Although the boundary-fitted grid follows the domain boundary, the grid
pattern and point allocation remain structured. Thus, a landscape model can use a boundary-fitted grid without changing the
model’s data structure or the computational scheme. In this study, a boundary-fitted grid and a raster-based grid were applied
to the Everglades Landscape Fire Model. Use of the boundary-fitted grid decreased model simulation time by about one fifth
and computer storage by 58% relative to the raster-based grid. Also, the linear characteristics of interior geographical features
such as rivers and airboat trails were preserved by the boundary-fitted grid, but not by the raster-based grid. This preservation
provided a more reasonable base map for simulating ecological processes, such as fire across heterogenous landscapes. 相似文献
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采用二次微分的方法,得到了角形区域Ω1的Affine变换关于其边界值不是极值映照.并明确给出在边界同伦下唯一极值的Teichmuler映照. 相似文献
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中国的甘蓝型油莱高芥酸品种芥酸含量比外国的高芥酸品种高6~10%。本研究用两个中国高芥酸品种与一个加拿大和一个日本高芥酸品种杂交,其Fl与低芥酸品种测交。F2代和测交后代的分离结果表明,这些材料中的芥酸基因是等位的,也无明显的证据表明它们是复等位基因,因而很可能是同一的。这两类品种芥酸含量的差异可能与遗传背景或修饰基因有关。 相似文献
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表达序列标签(ESTs)及其应用 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
表达序列标签(ESTs)是指从(ESTcDNA文库中随机挑取克隆并对其3’或5’端进行单轮自动测序所获得的短cDNA库列,一般长度为300~500bp。要有效获取ESTs,必须对cDNA文库进行预处理,处理方法有衰减杂交法、均一化法和差异显示法。在dbEST中收录了大量各种生物的ESTs。ESTs广泛应用于鉴定基因、发现新基因、电子克隆、构建遗传学图谱、制备DNA芯片、分子标记、研究基因的差异表达及检验病原微生物等方面。 相似文献
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