Optimal Load Curtailment in Bulk Power System Reliability Evaluation

This paper studies the question for considering optimal load curtailment in bulk power system adequacy evaluation. A minimization model of load curtailment is utilized for the contingency states which may have load curtailment. In order to calculate realistic bus indexes, two practical load curtailment philosophies are incorporated in the minimization model of load curtailment, which is achieved in computer program developed for bulk power system reliability evaluation. The minimization model of load curtailment, correlated algorithms, and flow chart of program are given in this paper. The effectiveness and availability of the model are verified from two case studies.     

Effects of Curtailment of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Biological Properties and Tea Leaf Yield in Acid Tea Field Soils

In Japan, the soils in tea fields are further acidified by heavy application of nitrogen fertilizer. In the long-term fertilizer application fields, available P, total carbon and nitrogen contents had the highest in the Multi-F plot, followed by the 98-D.F plot and the smallest in the 95-D.F plot. Soil enzymes activity had the highest the Multi-F plot. It was estimated that all of the enzyme activity were often corresponded with the results of the organic matter and the available P contents. The number of fungi under acidic condition had the close relation since change of these enzymes activity. It was evident that fungi were participated in carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus metabolism in acid tea field soils. It became clear that the number of fungi and enzymes activity decreased corresponding well with the available P and the organic matter contents depend on fertilization management. Moreover in case of qualities of green tea, generally difference between experimental plots and Multi-F plot were to be small. It was indicated that influence to the yields by curtailment of the amount of nitrogen fertilization was small.     

苏南河网水体污染控制工程及其效果分析

以武进港流域的跃进河、陈巷浜、西大河浜为例,开展了河网水体污染控制技术研究。在河道中分别实施生态修复技术,缓流纳污河浜原位增氧-动态生态组合工艺处理农村生活污水技术(ODBP)工艺及ET生化与生态系统组合处理工艺,对3个示范工程的运行效果进行了分析比较,研究了适用于流域河网地区的污染控制技术。负荷削减效果分析表明,3种工艺技术对水中氮、磷等污染物质的去除效果均较好,并具有良好的生态景观效果。通过进一步优化,可形成适合于太湖流域河网地区的水环境质量改善和生态修复的关键技术。     

Abstracts of nippon dojo-hiryogaku zasshi,Vol. 89 (2018) No. 4

In Japan, the soils in tea fields are further acidified by heavy application of nitrogen fertilizer. In the long-term fertilizer application fields, available P, total carbon and nitrogen contents had the highest in the Multi-F plot, followed by the 98-D.F plot and the smallest in the 95-D.F plot. Soil enzymes activity had the highest the Multi-F plot. It was estimated that all of the enzyme activity were often corresponded with the results of the organic matter and the available P contents. The number of fungi under acidic condition had the close relation since change of these enzymes activity. It was evident that fungi were participated in carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus metabolism in acid tea field soils. It became clear that the number of fungi and enzymes activity decreased corresponding well with the available P and the organic matter contents depend on fertilization management. Moreover in case of qualities of green tea, generally difference between experimental plots and Multi-F plot were to be small. It was indicated that influence to the yields by curtailment of the amount of nitrogen fertilization was small.