陆地棉胞质雄性不育系与保持系线粒体基因组RFLP分析

【目的】研究棉花细胞质雄性不育（CMS）系与保持系线粒体基因组的差异,为克隆棉花CMS基因奠定基础。【方法】以atpA, atp6, atp9, ccmB, ccmC, ccmFN1, cob, coxI, coxII, coxIII, matR, nad1bc, nad2, nad4, nad5, nad6, nad7c, nad9, rpl5, rrn18等20个线粒体基因保守序列为探针,利用Southern blot方法对棉花细胞质雄性不育系、保持系线粒体基因组进行RFLP分析。【结果】发现atpA、atp9、ccmB、nad1bc、nad6、nad7c、rrn18等基因在棉花不育系和保持系间存在明显RFLP多态性,其中atpA的差异最明显。【结论】atpA是棉花CMS系和保持系线粒体基因组间的一个明显差异位点。CMS系比保持系缺失一个rrn18拷贝。     

紫花苜蓿atpA基因的克隆及表达模式分析

叶绿体atpA基因位于ATP合酶的CF₁上,编码α亚基,是光合作用不可缺少的关键基因。本研究利用RT-PCR技术,从‘新疆大叶’苜蓿(Medicago sativa L.‘Xinjiang Daye’)中克隆出atpA基因,并进行生物信息学分析,采用实时荧光定量PCR技术进行基因表达模式检测。结果显示,MsatpA基因编码510个氨基酸,相对分子质量为55.71 KD,等电点为5.22。MsAtpA蛋白含有多个磷酸化位点且无跨膜结构和信号肽,二级结构中α-螺旋占比最高;亚细胞定位预测该基因编码的蛋白位于叶绿体中,与同为豆科苜蓿属的黄花苜蓿(Medicago falcata)、蒺藜苜蓿(Medicago truncatula)的AtpA氨基酸序列同源性较高。表达模式检测结果显示,MsatpA基因在叶中的表达量最高,根中最少;结荚期的基因表达量显著高于其他发育时期;MsatpA基因响应低温、高温、盐和渗透胁迫应答,且呈现出不同的表达特点。研究结果为紫花苜蓿atpA基因功能研究奠定基础。     

Molecular analysis of the fourth progeny of plants derived from a cytoplasmic male sterile chicory cybrid

Cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) chicory cybrids have previously been obtained by fusion between chicory and CMS sunflower protoplasts. Preliminary restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis has shown mitochondrial recombination events in CMS plants and their progeny. The aim of this study was to investigate the fate of the mitochondrial genome of the fourth progeny derived from one CMS cybrid. Southern hybridization using several specific mitochondrial sequences as probes have revealed polymorphic patterns between the plants analysed and, consequently, the genetic instability of this genome. Presence of the sequence responsible for cytoplasmic male sterility in sunflower (orf522) was detected by polymerase chain reaction and confirmed by molecular hybridization in the CMS chicory plants; however, its part in CMS expression in chicory did not appear obvious. Moreover, different flowering phenotypes, including completely fertile plants occurred and no correlation could be established between the different mitochondrial profiles and the flowering types. These results suggested some hypotheses and questions about the molecular determinant of CMS in chicory, its regulation and expression and questions about the mitochondrial-nuclear interactions.