Rapid brain MRI protocols result in comparable differential diagnoses versus a full brain protocol in most canine and feline cases

Evaluation of brain disease in veterinary patients uses a wide variety of MRI sequences. A shortened protocol that maintains consistency of interpretation would reduce radiologist reporting time, patient anesthetic time, and client cost. The aims of this retrospective, methods comparison, observer agreement study were to evaluate whether abbreviated MRI protocols alter differential diagnoses and recommendations compared to our institution's standard protocol; evaluate interobserver agreement on standard brain MRIs; and assess whether differential diagnoses change after postcontrast images. Normal and pathologic canine and feline brain MRIs were retrieved from hospital archives. Three protocols were created from each: a 5-sequence noncontrast enhanced Fast Brain Protocol 1 (FBP1); a 6-sequence contrast-enhanced Fast Brain Protocol 2 (FBP2); and an 11-sequence standard brain protocol (SBP). Three blinded veterinary radiologists interpreted FBP images for 98 cases (1 reader/case) and SBP images for 20 cases (3 readers/case). A fourth observer compared these interpretations to the original MRI reports (OMR). Overall agreement between FBPs and OMR was good (k = 0.75) and comparable to interobserver agreement for multiple reviews of SBP cases. Postcontrast images substantially altered conclusions in 17/97 cases (17.5%), as well as improved interobserver agreement compared to noncontrast studies. The conclusions reached with shortened brain protocols were comparable to those of a full brain study. The findings supported the use of a 6-sequence brain MRI protocol (sagittal T2-weighted [T2w] TSE; transverse T2w turbo spin echo fluid-attenuated inversion recovery, T2*-weighted gradient recalled echo, T1-weighted spin echo, and diffusion weighted imaging/apparent diffusion coefficient; and postcontrast transverse T1-weighted spin echo) for dogs and cats with suspected intracranial disease.     

International Practice of and Reference to the Standard Treaty Wording of Construction

Construction and relative service is one of the important categories in international service trade set down by WTO. In order to strike a construction agreement, the developed countries and districts have designed a lot of prevailing standard treaty wording, in which FIDIC plays the most important part. We should take advantages of their experience to improve our standard treaty wording.     

东深供水改造工程泵站微机保护网络

东深供水改造工程微机保护系统分为工业总线网络和光纤通讯两部分；工业总线网络采用了Profibus通讯协议，该协议具有反应时间短，抗干扰性强的特点；光纤通讯则具有反应时间不受电磁场和电磁辐射的影响等特点。     

ECK2007模型与其他密钥协商协议模型安全强弱关系的形式化证明

比较了安全性模型Extended Canetti＆Krawczyk 2007（ECK 2007）与其他4个安全模型（Bellare＆Rogaway 1993（BR93）,Bellare＆Rogaway 1995（BR95）,Bellare,Pointcheval＆Rogaway 2000（BPR 2000）和Canetti＆Krawczyk 2001（CK2001））的不同点,并形式化地分析了这些模型之间的强弱关系,对模型间存在的蕴含关系提供了形式化证明,对非蕴含关系提供了反例。     

WTO农业补贴规则演变对中国的启示

无论是《GATT1947》，还是《农业协定》或《农业框架协定》，都未禁止农业补贴政策，而是采取了逐步强化限制的措施。这使各成员国意识到，大幅度削减对生产和贸易带来扭曲作用的农业补贴措施趋势是不可逆转的。展望未来，中国要进一步改革调整农业补贴政策，完善农业补贴法律体系，适应农业补贴规则导向。     

自动配料生产线远程管理系统研究

为实现自动配料生产过程的远程管理及生产现场的无人值守,根据自动配料生产线的特点,设计了一种自动生产配合饲料的远程管理系统。系统采用S7-200 CPU226实现现场设备的控制。通过自由口协议实现与现场监控计算机的通信。监控程序使用VC++.NET开发,并采用客户端/服务器通信模式,实现了自动配料系统的网络化远程管理。采用屏幕切分法进行现场监控画面的及时传输,实现现场设备的实时监控。     

Lack of agreement between thermodilution and echocardiographic determination of cardiac output during normovolemia and acute hemorrhage in clinically healthy, anesthetized dogs

Objective and hypothesis: To determine whether or not there is agreement between the thermodilution and echocardiographic measurement of cardiac output (CO) during normovolemia and acute hemorrhage. The hypothesis was that there will be agreement between echocardiographic measurement of CO (ECO) and thermodilution measurement of CO (TDCO) during normovolemia and acute hemorrhage. Design: CO was measured by both thermodilution and echocardiography during α‐chloralose anesthesia in dogs before and 15 and 30 minutes following acute arterial hemorrhage. Setting: Laboratory investigation. Animals: Eighteen clinically healthy dogs, weighing 20–25 kg, anesthetized with α‐chloralose. Interventions: Acute arterial hemorrhage of approximately 50% of the total blood volume. CO was measured by thermodilution and echocardiography before and 15 and 30 minutes following hemorrhage. Measurements and main results: Acute hemorrhage resulted in a significant decrease in CO. There was a lack of agreement between the 2 methods to measure CO at each time and at all anatomic points of measurement in the aorta and pulmonary artery. Conclusion: There is a lack of agreement between the 2 methods; thus, determination of CO by echocardiography may not be a clinically useful tool following hemorrhage in dogs.     

浅析雇佣关系中的商业秘密保护与竞业禁止制度

商业秘密能够给权利人带来巨大的经济价值或竞争优势，因此要加强对商业秘密的保护，尤其是要加强对雇佣关系中的商业秘密的保护。在雇佣关系中，商业秘密权的保护与 择业自由权的保护存在着冲突，是保护商业秘密的难点。竞业禁止作为保护商业秘密的手段，同时存在于在职期间和离职后，雇主通常与雇员签订竞业禁止协议来保护商业秘密，如何确认竞业禁止协议的合法性、合理性问题是保护商业秘密的又一个难点。