利用SSR标记研究南斯拉夫玉米自交系遗传变异及杂种优势群预测

 利用113对SSR多态性引物对9个南斯拉夫玉米自交系和国内18个不同类群玉米自交系进行遗传多样性分析,进而研究GD,GH,SCA及杂种优势与F₁产量的相关性,探讨预测杂种优势的可能性。结果表明:（1）利用SSR标记将27个供试自交系分为6类,我国自交系的分类结果与其系谱来源和以往研究结果基本一致,PA,PB和四平头类群自交系分别各归为一类;南斯拉夫自交系ZPL01,ZPL06,ZPL09,ZPL10和ZPL02归为第Ⅰ类, ZPL03,ZPL05,ZPL04与Mo17和丹232归为第Ⅱ类群, ZPL07与综3和综31归为第Ⅲ类;（2）SCA与对照优势及其与F₁穗粒重呈极显著正相关,而GD,GH与F₁穗粒重和对照优势的相关仅长葛点达到显著水平,利用SCA或对照优势可以较好地预测F₁的产量表现,而GD和GH的预测效果较差。     

南斯拉夫玉米杂交种的间接利用价值研究初报

通过对选自南斯拉夫玉米杂交种的10个优良S3代选系与国内属于不同优势类群的6个骨干自交系杂交组配而成的60个测交组合的配合力和杂种优势分析，研究了引进南斯拉夫材料杂交种的间接利用价值。结果表明，10个优良杂交种后代选系的GCA，SCA均存在极显著差异，801－2－1－1，805－1－1－1的GCA达到显著和极显著水平，组配出高优势组合的概率较高；7个组合的穗粒重极显著超CK 6.31％-27.11％。     

南斯拉夫玉米自交系的配合力分析与利用

以 9个南斯拉夫玉米自交系为母本 ,7个分属于不同杂种优势类群的骨干系为父本 ,组配成 6 3个测交组合 ,研究了南斯拉夫自交系 7个性状的配合力 .结果表明 ,980 9各性状的GCA均为显著正值 ,组配出的 980 9×S2 2 杂交组合较对照增产41 6 % ,是最有直接利用价值的自交系 .980 5 ,980 6自交系单株产量的GCA为极显著正值 ,但未组配出超对照的杂交组合 .其余 6个自交系无直接利用价值 .各自交系可用于改良其相应非优势类群自交系     

16个南斯拉夫玉米自交系杂种优势类群研究

采用NCⅡ试验设计,选用不同杂种优势类群且系谱明确的5个自交系为测验种,对16个南斯拉夫玉米自交系进行杂种优势类群的分析研究。通过聚类分析,把16个南斯拉夫自交系划分为4个杂优类群,分别为：Lancaster群（Nsc-721、南45、Nsc-565）,改良Reid群（Nsc-T66、南72—81、南无名-7、南5、南43-1）,唐四平头群（南无名-5）,南46、南无名-8、南无名-1、南无名-3、南无名-5杂为另一优势群。而南6和Nsc-70难以与其它自交系或彼此间归为一类。此外,还对供试被测系的使用价值进行了分析。     

南斯拉夫玉米自交系9810的间接利用价值研究

通过对8个(9810×国内系)后代选系与国内属于不同优势类群的4个骨干自交系杂交组配的32个测交组合的配合力和杂种优势研究结果表明:南斯拉夫自交系9810具有较高的间接利用价值,在8个优良后代选系中,有2个选系的GCA为显著和极显著正值,具有较高的直接组配利用价值.在32个测交组合中,有8个单株产量显著或极显著高于对照6.6%～26.0%。     

Evaluation of Triticum aestivum germplasm from Croatia and Yugoslavia for aluminium tolerance

Summary Aluminium tolerance of 90 genotypes of Triticum aestivum L. germplasm from the breeding programmes of eight Croatian and Yugoslav institutions was evaluated in nutrient solutions having Al³⁺ activities of 0, 12.5 and 25M. Overall distribution of Al tolerance of wheat genotypes was skewed toward lower tolerance rankings. Average Al tolerance differed among gene pools created at different breeding institutions. Genotypes tolerant enough to be useful in the breeding programmes aimed at selecting cultivars with improved Al tolerance are identified in germplasm from four institutions. No correlation was found between chemical characteristics of soils used over the years by breeding institutions for their field trials and the Al-tolerance ranking of the corresponding germplasm material.Abbreviations HSD Tukey's Honestly Significant Difference - RRL-4 relative root length, in % (25M Al³⁺/0 Al)     

南斯拉夫农业科研院所转制的经验与启示

借鉴南斯拉夫农业科研院所转制的经验，面向市场，建立研、产、销一体化的体制，建立健全知识产权保护体系，基础研究与应用研究紧密结合，加强品种的培育和技术开发，重视人才培养工作，加强国际合作，参与国际竞争是我国农业科研院所改革发展的关键。     

南斯拉夫玉米种质在新疆的利用研究

从南斯拉夫引进各类玉米种质为我区玉米育种和生产上所利用,并育成了新玉6号、新玉7号、新玉8号、新玉10、新玉13等品种在生产上推广应用。SC704的引进和新玉6号的选育推广分别获自治区科技进步二等奖。     

Sources of resistance to tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) in cultivated and wild species of Capsicum

Summary The high molecular weight (HMW) subunits of glutenin extracted from flour of 36 Yogoslav wheat cultivars were separated by SDS-PAGE to identify their alleles, and the frequency of each allele was calculated. Eleven alleles from the three Glu-loci were recognized, three at the Glu-A1 locus, six at the Glu-B1 locus and two at the Glu-D1 locus. The most frequent allele was a (55.5%) from Glu-D1, which controls synthesis of subunits 2+12. The Glu-1 quality score varied from 4 (KG-III/27, KG-75, Morava and KG-101/7) to 10 (Lepenica). The mean Glu-1 quality score of cultivars and lines from Kragujevac was 6.8, for cultivars from Zagreb 7.2, and for cultivars from Novi Sad was 7.9. Most of the genotypes with a quality score of 8 or above, had high sedimentation values (Zeleny test). There were no significant differences in allelic composition at the Glu-1 loci among wheat genotypes from Kragujevac, Novi Sad and Zagreb.     

Gliadin allele composition of Yugoslav winter wheat cultivars

Summary The complete gliadin allele composition of 57 Yugoslav common winter wheat cultivars was studied. Large differences were found in gliadin genotypes among cultivars bred at different Yugoslav breeding centres as well as between early and recent wheats bred in the Novi Sad breeding centre. Yugoslav wheats have limited variation in gliadin alleles, of which Gli-A1a, Gli-B1b, Gli-B1l, Gli-D1b, Gli-A2e, Gli-B2b, Gli-D2a are shown to be the most frequent. Examples of favoured alleles to new cultivars are described. 40% of the studied wheat cultivars have natural biotypes differing in gliadin allele composition. The frequency of cultivars with the biotypes differs greatly among breeding centres.