不同保鲜处理对槟榔贮藏品质的影响

将槟榔果实采后于10℃条件下预冷12 h,再用1μL/L的1-甲基环丙烯(1-MCP)处理12 h,分别进行特克多(TBZ)处理、热处理、紫外线处理后于14℃、相对湿度80%~90%的环境下贮藏40 d,研究不同处理对槟榔鲜果贮藏品质的影响。结果表明,3种处理对槟榔保鲜均有较好的效果,以TBZ处理的槟榔保鲜效果最佳,热处理次之。TBZ和热处理可有效减少槟榔VC、可溶性固形物含量和槟榔碱的消耗,抑制木质素的增加,保持槟榔果柄的硬度和较高的好果率。     

不同保鲜剂处理对灵武长枣贮藏品质的研究

该文研究了灵武长枣在6种不同保鲜剂贮藏下的生理变化及品质变化。结果表明采用5g•m-34.5% TBZ（噻苯咪唑）熏蒸的处理为好,该处理能有效地延缓枣果含酸量的下降速率和还原糖含量的变化,较好地保持Vc含量,枣果贮藏105d硬果率37.5%,商品果率94.34%。     

Emergence of silver scurf (Helminthosporium solani) as an economically important disease of potato

During the 1990s, silver scurf (causal agent Helminthosporium solani ) emerged as an economically important disease of table stock and processing potatoes ( Solanum tuberosum ). The pathogen attacks the periderm of the potato tuber causing blemishes. The disease cycle of silver scurf has both field and storage phases. Primary infection occurs in the field and high relative humidity favours the spread and increase of silver scurf in potato stores. Control of the disease by chemical and cultural practices remains difficult. Increase in disease has been attributed to H. solani isolates resistant to the postharvest fungicide thiabendazole (TBZ). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based detection methods for H. solani and TBZ-resistant isolates are rapid and more specific than traditional identification. This review discusses the biology of the pathogen, epidemiology of the disease, detection of the pathogen and integrated control measures for the management of silver scurf in both field and potato tuber stores.     

紫外吸光光度法测定敌霉烟剂中TBZ含量

实验结果表明，紫外吸光光度法测定敌霉烟剂中主要有效成分ＴＢＺ含量可获得较好的精密度、准确度。平均偏差为０．０４％，回收率为８５％￣９２％，本法亦可做为其他制剂中ＴＢＺ含量的测定方法。     

敌霉烟剂成烟率的测定

本文报道了敌霉烟剂成烟率的测定方法。研究结果表明：该法可获得较好地精密度,准确度,可指导烟剂研究中配方的设计,亦可做为其它烟剂成烟率测定的参考方法。     

新疆喀什甜石榴采后生理与贮藏保鲜技术

论文研究了喀什甜石榴采后生理,并用6种处理探讨了贮藏保鲜技术。对不同处理的石榴,贮期测定了可溶性固形物含量、还原糖含量、可滴定酸含量、抗坏血酸含量。以鲜切石榴皮为材料,测定了单宁含量、抗坏血酸氧化酶活性、过氧化物酶活性,并对不同保藏期石榴果皮褐变指数﹑商品果率进行了测定。结果表明,喀什甜石榴采后用质量分数为4.5% 的TBZ（噻苯咪唑）粉剂用量5 g/m3熏蒸1.5 h,然后用厚度为0.02 mm的塑料袋单果包装,在温度为(2±1)℃、相对湿度为85%～90%的冷库中贮藏120 d,商品果率90%以上,贮后果皮色泽鲜艳,酸甜适口,具有较高的商品价值。     

高效液相色谱法-荧光检测器同时检测龙眼中多菌灵和噻菌灵残留

建立了同时检测龙眼中多菌灵和噻菌灵残留的高效液相色谱方法。样品经乙腈提取,硅胶柱净化,然后采用高效液相色谱法-荧光检测器测定,外标法定量。对样品前处理和色谱分离条件进行了研究和优化。两种杀菌剂在0.01μg/mL～2.00μg/mL范围内线性良好,相关系数分别为0.9990和0.9996。添加两个浓度水平(0.1、0.4μg/mL)两种杀菌剂在龙眼中的回收率均在95.7%～96.2%之间,相对标准偏差不大于2%。方法简便、快速、净化效果较好,可同时满足龙眼中两种杀菌剂残留的检验工作需要。     

蒜苔低温、限气、保鲜剂联用贮藏技术研究

蒜苔贮期老化腐烂的主要原因是呼吸强度过高和病原菌侵染,该文研究了噻苯咪唑(thiabendazole,TBZ)熏蒸、硅窗袋包装、低温贮藏对蒜苔呼吸强度、叶绿素含量、粗纤维含量和腐烂的影响。试验结果表明：用含TBZ 3%的FK熏剂8 g/m³熏蒸,硅窗面积为100 cm²,装量20 kg的硅窗袋包装,在温度0～-1℃、相对湿度95%的条件下贮藏,可有效地抑制霉菌孢子的繁殖,降低呼吸强度,减缓粗纤维增加,叶绿素得到较好的保存。低温、硅窗袋和TBZ熏蒸联用,可使陕西栽培的苍山蒜苔贮藏280 d,好苗率达96%, 贮后的蒜苔色泽鲜绿,质地脆嫩,口感俱佳。     

Antifungal vapour-phase activity of allyl-isothiocyanate against Penicillium expansum on pears

The fungitoxicity of allyl-isothiocyanate (AITC) vapour against Penicillium expansum , the causal agent of blue mould on pears (cvs Conference and Kaiser), was evaluated. The best control of blue mould was obtained by exposing fruits for 24 h in a 5 mg L⁻¹ AITC-enriched atmosphere, the extent of control depending on the inoculum density. Lesion diameter was inversely related to AITC concentration. In treated fruits the percentage of infected wounds increased with conidial concentration, with fewer than 20% affected at 1 × 10³ conidia mL⁻¹ to almost 80% at 1 × 10⁶ conidia mL⁻¹. In comparison, >98% of wounds were infected in untreated fruits irrespective of conidial concentration. AITC treatments were effective up to 24 h after inoculation for Conference and 48 h for Kaiser. AITC treatments also controlled a thiabendazole-resistant strain of P. expansum , reducing the incidence of blue mould by 90% in both cultivars. The use of AITC produced from pure sinigrin or from Brassica juncea defatted meal may be an economically viable alternative to synthetic fungicides against P. expansum .