妊娠山羊宫内胎儿脐动脉插管手术方法的研究

为了优化山羊胎儿脐动脉插管模型,本试验采用医用硬膜外导管对单胎妊娠120日龄的山羊进行胎儿脐动脉插管手术,对其手术途径、导管类型、插管方法、麻醉和术后护理进行研究。术后可顺利采集胎儿血液样本,1周后母山羊正常分娩。本试验建立的山羊胎儿脐动脉插管模型的手术方案,可为胎儿疾病的诊断及临床用药等提供试验基础。     

牡丹重瓣性花型形成初探

通过对牡丹重瓣品种“胡红”和“洛阳红”进行追踪观察,对产生牡丹重瓣性的雄蕊瓣化和花瓣自然增生这两个条件进行研究,探索其形态规律,指出这两类花型的形成特点。     

Analysis of petal anthocyanins to investigate coloration mechanism in herbaceous peony cultivars

Petal coloration and anthocyanin compositions of 41 herbaceous peony cultivars were analyzed. Anthocyanins were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (HPLC–ESI-MSⁿ) coupled with photodiode array detection (DAD). Peonidin-3,5-di-O-glucoside (Pn3G5G), pelargonidin-3,5-di-O-glucoside (Pg3G5G), cyanidin-3,5-di-O-glucoside (Cy3G5G), peonidin-3-O-glucoside (Pn3G), and cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (Cy3G) were the five major anthocyanins in herbaceous peony cultivars. Deep purple or reddish purple cultivars contained 4–5 anthocyanins, whereas pink cultivars only contained Cy3G5G and Pn3G5G, and their contents were much lower than those of purple cultivars. According to the chemical structures of three anthocyanidins in association with petal coloration, flowers were classified into three phenotypes: 1. “Pn, Cy, and Pg” (all purple flowers including two pink flowers); 2. “Pn, Cy” (pink flowers); 3 “Pn” (light pink and white flowers). The coloration mechanisms of cultivars with the pink and purple flowers were quite different. Correlations between lightness (L*) and chroma (C*), chromatic component a* and total anthocyanins (TA) value, a* and co-pigmentation index (CI) showed opposite tendencies, whereas L* and TA showed the same tendency in each group. High contents of Pn3G5G and Pg3G5G may responsible for the purple coloration of herbaceous peony cultivars.     

Increase in DNA fragmentation and the role of ethylene and reactive oxygen species in petal senescence of Osmanthus fragrans

In sweet osmanthus (Osmanthus fragrans Lour.) flowers, petal browning, partial abscission and wilting are the visible symptoms of senescence, 4–5 days after flowering, which seriously affect its ornamental and economic value. In the present study, DNA fragmentation was used as a marker to investigate the role of ethylene and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in flower senescence of O. fragrans ‘Liuye Jingui’. In intact plants, nuclear shrinkage and DNA fragmentation occurred at the late full flowering stage when senescence symptoms became visible. This coincided with a rapid increase in ethylene production, ROS generation and lipid peroxidation. To further determine the role of ethylene and ROS in flower senescence, cut flowers were treated with ethephon, silver thiosulphate (STS), hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), and vitamin C (Vc). The vase life of cut flowers was significantly prolonged by 0.2 mM STS and 2.5 mM Vc treatments, but reduced by 0.03% H₂O₂ and 500 mg L⁻¹ ethephon treatments, compared to distilled water. The percentage of DNA fragmentation was dramatically increased by ethephon but reduced by STS treatment throughout vase life. In contrast, the dramatic increase of DNA fragmentation in the H₂O₂ treated samples was only observed at day three, and clear petal abscission and rapid petal wilting occurred only with ethephon. Compared with the distinguishable nuclei and complete vacuoles in both STS treatment and distilled water, ethephon treatment caused substantial damage to large central vacuoles and other organelles, and many petal cells twisted out of shape due to a loss of cytoplasm, resulting in rapid petal wilting. Thus, it is concluded that ethylene plays an important role in flower senescence of sweet osmanthus, enhancing DNA fragmentation, damaging cellular structure, and leading to petal abscission and wilting. In addition, ROS is also involved in the regulation of late DNA degradation and lipid peroxidation.     

兰州百合花瓣高频再生体系研究

以兰州百合为试材,研究总结出了利用花瓣建立外植体的高频再生体系:用花瓣建立外植体时,灭菌时间控制在15min效果较佳,污染率、失活率均低;适宜诱导花瓣愈伤组织的培养基为MS BA0.5mg/L 2,4-D 0.5mg/L,诱导率达到90%;适宜芽分化培养基为MS BA1.5mg/L NAA0.1mg/L,分化率为75%;适宜继代和增殖的培养基为MS BA1.5mg/L IBA0.5mg/L,增殖倍数可达5.8;生根培养基以GS NAA0.25mg/L最佳,生根率高达100%,试管苗生长势强,且根系发达;用草炭作移栽基质,成活率高,为89.6%.     

亚洲百合花器官的组培快繁

亚洲百合新品种“西农一号”最佳诱导分化培养基为MS 6-BA1.2 NAA0.1;不定芽增殖最佳培养基为MS 6-BA1.0 NAA0.1;最佳生根培养基为1/2MS NAA0.2。比较花器官不同组织作外植体时诱导分化不定芽的能力,其顺序为花托>花柱>花瓣。     

The effect of sucrose on the flower bud opening of ‘Madelon’ cut roses

Complete flower bud opening is characterised by an increase in the petal area, and by enhanced dry and fresh weights of the petals. The import of dry matter into the petals is used for osmotic, biosynthetic and respiratory demands. However, flowers of ‘Madelon’ cut roses frequently fail to open completely under postharvest conditions. An aqueous solution containing 45 mM sucrose induces proper flower bud opening, even when the cut roses have been exposed initially to a sucrose-free solution for 48 h. This points to a requirement for a supply of organic matter from source tissue to the flower as main sink. This conclusion is confirmed by the observation that complete flower bud opening can also be achieved without any addition of sucrose by a reduction in the number of participating petals. Replacing two-thirds part of the 45 mM sucrose by an isomolalic amount of KNO₃ does not affect the flower opening process, implying that a considerable amount of the added sucrose is claimed for osmoregulation. The role of added sucrose and the contribution of the endogenous storage pool in the process of flower bud opening is discussed.     

油菜菌核病病原菌侵染条件的研究

研究了油菜菌核病最主要的初侵染源———子囊孢子 ,初侵染的最主要受体和传病的主要媒介———花瓣以及环境条件对油菜受菌核病病原菌侵染的影响。结果表明 :着陆在花瓣上子囊孢子的量 ,被子囊孢子侵染的花瓣数目 ,花瓣新鲜度以及环境的温度、湿度对侵染的发生和病害的发展起着重要作用     

花瓣Fibonacci数的生存函数研究

花瓣与Fibonacci数有着密切关系，根据Fibonacci数与Lucas数的递归关系，给出了关于Fibonacci数的生存函数F（r，x）和S（r，n，x）的定义，得到了关于Fibonacci数的生存函数，揭示了Fibonacci数的内在联系：