Virus eradication from some Pelargonium zonale cultivars by meristem-tip culture

On the older leaves ofPelargonium zonale chlorotic rings and flecks are common, especially during spring and fall. From such plants an isometric virus can be isolated that causes local lesions on the leaves ofChenopodium quinoa. An attempt was made to produce symptomless plants, reacting negatively onC. quinoa. Meristem tips on a basal medium supplemented with α-naphthalene acetic acid and coconut milk produced abundant callus, but no plantlets. However, on media containing low concentrations of indole acetic acid and kinetin or benzyl adenine, some plants were produced that fulfilled the above requirements. Those selected on horticultural properties, are considered as valuable mother plants. Of twenty-one cultivars such plants were obtained. They may prove an important contribution to the improvement of theP. zonale industry in the Netherlands.     

60Co-γ射线辐照处理对天竺葵、观赏椒种子发芽率及幼苗的影响

用60Co-γ射线辐照处理天竺葵、观赏椒种子,观察其发芽率和幼苗生长情况.结果表明:γ射线辐射对这2种观赏植物的发芽率和幼苗生长发育具有不同的影响.对天竺葵的发芽率有促进作用,但抑制幼苗生长;对观赏椒发芽率作用不显著,对幼苗前期生长有抑制作用.     

超声协助提取维药芹菜籽蛋白多肽类物质的研究

采用单因素和正交试验,以磷酸盐缓冲溶液提取并用硫酸铵沉淀芹菜籽中的多肽类成分,且以不同条件下硫酸铵沉淀（80％）的多肽量为考察指标,来确定活性多肽的超声波提取最佳条件。结果表明,芹菜籽中多肽的最佳提取条件为：磷酸盐缓;中溶液pH9．0,超声提取30min,液固比5．0：1（ml：g）,提取的多肽具有较好的清除ABTS自由基的能力。关键词芹菜籽;活性多肽;超声波提取;最佳条件;抗氧化活性     

芹菜水孔蛋白基因AgPIP2;1的克隆及其对非生物胁迫的响应

为了研究芹菜质膜内在蛋白基因的序列特征及其在非生物胁迫条件下的表达特性,探讨其抗逆功能,以芹菜品种六合黄心芹为试验材料,通过RT-PCR技术克隆AgPIP2;1基因,通过生物信息学软件分析其核苷酸和氨基酸序列特征,并采用荧光定量PCR技术检测其在不同组织的表达及其对非生物胁迫的响应。结果表明,AgPIP2;1基因含有1个861 bp的开放阅读框,编码286个氨基酸,其编码的蛋白属于PIP2类蛋白。氨基酸序列分析显示,AgPIP2;1含有高度保守的NPA基序以及高等植物PIP蛋白的保守序列,与其他物种PIP2类蛋白具有较高的同源性,与胡萝卜DcPIP2;1的氨基酸序列同源性达到97.90%。在亲缘关系上与大豆GmPIP2;1、胡萝卜DcPIP2;1和绿豆VrPIP2;1较为接近。实时荧光定量PCR技术分析表明,AgPIP2;1基因在芹菜根、叶柄和叶片中均有表达,其中在叶片中的表达量最高,在根中的表达量最低,呈现比较明显的组织特异性。此外,AgPIP2;1基因受到高温、低温、干旱和盐等非生物胁迫的诱导,说明该基因可能参与芹菜抵御非生物胁迫的过程。本研究为进一步了解AgPIP2;1基因的功能及其在非生物胁迫中的作用奠定了基础。     

驱蚊草驱除库蠓预防鸡白冠病的应用试验

本试验采用粘蚊帖收集库蠓的方法，了解在鸡舍内和鸡舍外使用驱蚊草对库蠓的驱除作用。试验结果证明：使用驱蚊草在鸡舍外能够在1．5m范围内有效地减少库蠓的数量（P〈0．05）：放置了驱蚊草的鸡舍相比未放置驱蚊草的鸡舍其库蠓数量明显减少（P〈0．05）；另外，驱蚊草对蛋鸡的产蛋率与死淘率无明显影响。由此可见，驱蚊草有明显的驱库蠓效果，能达到预防鸡白冠病的目的，     

驱蚊香草的组织培养和快速繁殖

以驱蚊香草幼嫩枝条为外植体，进行离体培养，获得再生植株，通过这个过程，得出有利于芽诱导、增殖、诱导生根的最佳配方，为驱蚊香草快速繁殖，规模化生产打下技术基础。     

A comparative study on anther development in male-fertile and male-sterile plants of Pelargonium crispumL'Her. ex Ait.

Summary Anther development of male-fertile and male-sterile plants in Pelargonium crispum was anatomically examined. Three cultivars, i.e., Lemon crispum, Crispum minor and Prince Rupert, were used. Lemon crispum and Crispum minor are male-fertile, whereas Prince Rupert is male-sterile. The tapetum in every cultivar examined behaved like an amoeba. The tapetal cells of the anther form plasmodial masses. Then, the plasmodial masses fuse producing a periplasmodium. The periplasmodium degenerates and finally disappears. There are no differences in tapetal behaviour between fertile and sterile anthers. In the sterile anthers the endothecium and lip cells do not develop sufficiently. Young microspores show normal growth at early stages. After the completion of their cell wall formation, however, the microspores in the sterile anthers lose their cytoplasm and become empty. On the other hand, the microspores in the fertile anthers increase the volume of their cytoplasm and become fertile pollen grains.     

Genetical studies of embryo survival and embryo breakdown in Pelargonium × hortorum Bailey

Summary The 6×6×4 analysis of variance of the mean percentage embryo survival for six variegated cultivars of Pelargonium × hortorum Bailey, with mutant plastids in their germ layers, and for their isogenic green (G) clones, shows highly significant differences between females (81 to 91 per cent) and between plastid crosses (83 to 91 per cent). Between cultivar differences are attributed largely to additive effects corresponding to additive gene action, and between plastid differences to a lower survival after crosses with white (W) males than with green males. The relationship between overall fertility (% fertilization × survival) and plastid crosses is a stepwise decline in the order G×G>G×W>W×G>W×W (28 to 19 per cent) in which the white embryos growing in a white mother are approximately 30 per cent less fertile than the green embryos in a green mother. The non-surviving embryos are classified into empty, undeveloped and dwarf embryos and submitted to a 6×4 analysis of variance after summing through males. The significant heterogeneity between females is attributed largely to a difference between one cultivar-with a high frequency of dwarf and a low frequency of undeveloped embryos-and the other five cultivars. The absence of a significant plastid effect upon any stage of embryo breakdown indicates that the depressive effect of white plastids is spread evenly throughout development.     

驱蚊草组培快繁技术研究初报

以驱蚊草茎段为试材，正交设计法考察3种激素对其增殖率的影响，结果表明，MS+6-BA1.0 mg/L +IBA0.1 mg/L +GA3 1.1 mg/L为增殖培养的适宜培养基。1/2MS+ IBA0.1mg/L为生根培养的适宜培养基。