嘧肽·吗啉胍对茄科作物PVYN的防效研究

[目的]明确嘧肽·吗啉胍对马铃薯Y病毒坏死株系(PVYN)在不同茄科植物上的抑制作用.[方法]研究嘧肽·吗啉胍对PVYN在不同茄科作物上的防效,并采用分光光度计法测定植株体内PVYN病毒的浓度.[结果]嘧肽·吗啉胍对不同茄科寄主上的PVYN引起的病毒病害均具有较好的防治效果,可明显降低感病茄科作物体内pVYN的浓度.[结论]试验结果为嘧肽·吗啉胍的推广应用及由pVYN引起的病害防治提供了理论依据.     

一种植物提取物对CMV、PVYN及其昆虫介体的作用

以植物Pt为材料,对其抗两种植物病毒———CMV(Cucumbermosaicvirus,CMV)和PVYN(PotatovirusYN,PVYN)及其昆虫介体[蚜虫Myzuspesicae(Suzer)]的作用进行研究。结果表明:(1)VT1具有较高的抗病毒活性,1mg/ml浓度下对CMV和PVYN的抑制率分别为91.6%和96.2%;(2)VT1对蚜虫有较强的触杀作用,24h和48h的LC50值分别为1.953mg/ml和0.8125mg/ml。生物活性跟踪发现,氯仿组分为植物Pt对蚜虫起触杀作用的有效部位;(3)VT1对蚜虫具有一定的忌避和内吸作用,但无明显熏蒸作用。     

Aggressive and mild Potato virus Y isolates trigger different specific responses in susceptible potato plants

Differences in the early responses of two potato cultivars, Igor and Nadine, to two isolates of Potato virus Y (PVY), the aggressive PVY^NTN and the mild PVY^N, were monitored. Microarray and quantitative real‐time PCR analyses were carried out to identify differentially expressed genes after inoculation with each virus isolate. Additionally, symptom severity and development was observed and the amount of virus isolate accumulated in systemically infected leaves was evaluated, where a significantly higher amount of PVY^NTN was detected. Microarray analysis revealed 572, 1288 and 1706 differentially expressed genes at 0·5, 12 and 48 h post‐inoculation, respectively in cv. Igor, with a similar pattern observed in cv. Nadine. Microarray and quantitative real‐time PCR results implied an earlier accumulation of sugars and lower photosynthesis in leaves inoculated with the aggressive isolate than in leaves inoculated with the mild isolate. The PVY^NTN isolate did not activate early differential expression of the Fe‐superoxide dismutase and pectin methylesterase inhibitor (PMEI) genes, indicating a delay in plant response relative to that following PVY^N inoculation. Differences in the expression of the β‐glucanase‐I gene were also observed in early plant responses to inoculation with each virus isolate.     

马铃薯Y病毒黑龙江分离物株系鉴定

通过生物学方法、血清学方法、RT-PCR方法对黑龙江省一个马铃薯Y病毒分离物进行株系鉴定。该病毒侵染洋酸桨产生枯斑,在黄苗榆烟上表现系统花叶,并伴有坏死症状,血清学反应强烈,三重PCR特异性条带清晰,鉴定该分离物为PVYN。     

一种植物提取物对CMV、PVYN及其昆虫介体的作用

以植物Pt为材料,对其抗两种植物病毒——CMV(Cucumber mosaic virus, CMV)和PVYN (Potato virus YN, PVYN)及其昆虫介体[蚜虫Myzus pesicae (Suzer) ]的作用进行研究。结果表明：(1) VT1具有较高的抗病毒活性,1mg/ml浓度下对CMV和PVYN的抑制率分别为91.6%和96.2%;(2) VT1对蚜虫有较强的触杀作用,24h和48h的LC50值分别为1.953 mg/ml和0.8125mg/ml。生物活性跟踪发现,氯仿组分为植物Pt对蚜虫起触杀作用的有效部位;(3) VT1对蚜虫具有一定的忌避和内吸作用,但无明显熏蒸作用。