Rearch on Management Model of Make-to-order and Discrete-production Enterprise Based on ERP

By analyzing the feature of make-to-order and discrete-production model, the article gives a model of the enterprise resource mamegement with advanced thoughts and methods of management, such as OPT (Optimized Production Technology) and PM (Project Management).And constructs a model of a new enterprise resource planning (ERP) system, which is suitable to this kind of enterprise.     

Hepatoprotective activity of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, captopril and enalapril, against paraquat toxicity

Paraquat is a highly toxic herbicide that is used in most countries without restriction. The cytotoxic action of paraquat is mediated by reactive radicals that are products of its metabolic reduction in cells. It has already been hypothesized that some angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (e.g., captopril and enalapril) could show antioxidant and radical scavenging activity through their structural thiol groups, increasing antioxidant enzymes production or nitric oxide synthesis. In this study the hepatoprotective effect of captopril and enalapril against paraquat induced oxidative stress cytotoxicity was evaluated in isolated rat hepatocyte. Subtoxic concentrations of captopril (0.2 mM) and enalapril (0.2 mM) significantly (p < 0.05) protected the hepatocytes against paraquat (2 mM) induced oxidative stress cytotoxicity markers including: cell lysis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, lipid peroxidation, glutathione depletion, mitochondrial membrane potential decrease, lysosomal membrane oxidative damage and cellular proteolysis. Moreover, we showed that non-thiol enalapril acts as well as thiol containing captopril at inhibiting oxidative stress cytotoxicity markers. Finally, our results support the hypothesis that it is the increase in nitric oxide synthesis and not the presence of the thiol group that accounts for the antioxidant activity of ACE inhibitors.     

Coarse root–shoot allometry of Pinus radiata modified by site conditions in the Western Cape province of South Africa

The relationship between root and shoot growth and how it is modified by chronic or episodic drought stress is so far not well understood. Allometric partitioning theory (APT) supposes a constant root–shoot allometry. Optimal partitioning theory (OPT) assumes that plants’ root growth is enhanced under water limitation. However, recent studies show that fine and coarse roots react differently. This paper draws attention to the root–shoot allometry of adult Monterey pines (Pinus radiata D.Don) and its dependency on site conditions in South Africa. For assessment of the root–shoot-diameter relationship as an allometric relationship in general and for comparison with APT we used a sample of nine radiata pines from Jonkershoek and three maritime pines (Pinus pinaster Aiton) from Napier. In order to test for a site-dependency of the root–shoot allometry we sampled increment cores from stem and coarse roots of 48 radiata pines along a gradient from moist to dry sites in the Western Cape province. Tree ring analysis revealed an allometric relationship between root diameter (dr) and shoot diameter (ds) (ln(dr) = a + α _dr,ds × ln(ds)). Despite strong variation of the allometric exponent α _dr,ds we found a systematic deviation from 1.0 as would be predicted by APT. We also found α _dr,ds to decrease with drought stress, which is contradictory to both APT and OPT. However, on sites with more pronounced drought stress we detected greater allometric factors a. We hypothesise that fine root growth, and also fine root mortality, is higher on dry sites. On these sites coarse roots seem to be less necessary for matter transport compared with moist and fertile sites. On the latter, fine roots are less ephemeral and require larger coarse roots for transport. We conclude that combined root shoot tree ring analyses have the potential for improving understanding and modelling ecosystems and better assessment of forest functions such as resource use efficiency, stand stability and belowground carbon storage.     

大白菜氮磷钾化肥效应研究

结合大白菜营养吸收特性,探讨大白菜氮、磷、钾化肥配施效应.结果表明,在土壤有效N、K缺乏,有效P中等,有效B丰富的条件下,OPT-N、不施肥、OPT-K处理分别比OPT处理减产79.3％、78.3％及1 1.0％;种植效益降低327.2％、260.5％及32.9％.OPT-N处理与不施肥处理Vc与总糖含量均高于OPT最...     

低氮条件下黄瓜寡肽转运蛋白（OPT）基因的克隆及表达分析

根据黄瓜基因组数据库中Csa020719基因编码区全序列设计引物,通过RT-PCR扩增的方法从黄瓜品种津研四号的叶片中克隆得到寡肽转运蛋白基因(oligopeptide transporter gene, OPT)。基因编码区全长为2013 bp。该基因编码的蛋白由20种氨基酸组成,含有670个氨基酸残基,分子量和理论等电点分别为73 kD和8.65。预测由该基因转录的寡肽转运蛋白为疏水蛋白,有14个连续的疏水片断。预测该蛋白不存在信号肽,为非分泌蛋白,存在OPT家族保守结构域,亚细胞定位在细胞膜上,主要功能为参与转运和底物结合。同源性和进化树的预测分析显示,OPT蛋白与毛果杨和蓖麻寡肽转运蛋白同源性分别达到了81%和79%,所转运的底物除有寡肽外,还包含有金属离子-烟草胺的螯合物等。 qRT-PCR分析同一氮浓度处理OPT基因在不同部位表达结果显示,在无氮及低氮条件下,OPT基因在茎中表达量最高,其次为叶和茎尖。在高氮条件下,OPT主要在茎尖和叶中表达量较高,其次为茎,说明OPT基因在氮胁迫下存在于植物各个部位,并主要集中在生长旺盛的部位,为黄瓜的生长提供所需的能量。不同氮浓度下OPT在茎中表达分析结果显示,OPT基因在无氮及低氮下表达量增加,明显高于正常水平,并且随着氮浓度的降低,OPT的表达量增加,说明黄瓜OPT基因参与低氮胁迫应答反应,增强黄瓜耐低氮能力。     

平衡施肥对夏玉米的增产效果研究

在辛集马兰村进行的夏玉米平衡施肥试验研究表明,7个处理中,OPT处理的夏玉米产量和纯增效益最高;在氮、磷肥一定的条件下,增施钾肥可显著提高玉米产量;在一定条件下,磷钾肥投入增加的效益远远大于氮肥投入增加的效益,与磷肥相比,钾肥投入增加的效益较大。     

牛肝片形吸虫体内5-HT样物质的研究

用荧光分光光度法和色谱法对牛肝片形吸虫体内的5-HT样物质进行了定性、定量研究。结果表明此虫体内的5-HT样物质与OPT反应后,其激发光谱和发射光谱与标准5-HT与OPT反应产物的光谱一致。另外,用小白鼠脑组织提取物作为“生物标准物”与吸虫提取物进行对照,两者通过同一凝胶柱(SephadexG-10,7—10×40mm)的色谱特性非常相似。用Curzon法测得肝片形吸虫全虫的5-HT含量为0.512±0.09μg/g湿重,“头”部略高于“尾”部。将吸虫置于Rohrbacher溶液中培养,加5-HTP时,虫体5-HT含量明显上升,而色氨酸则不能使5-HT含量增加。肝片形吸虫对外界环境中的5-HT有摄取能力,培养液中5-HT浓度在10~(-5)M时可使虫体内的5-TH提高到4.88倍。5-HT颉颃药赛庚啶不能降低内源性5-HT的量,但能抑制此吸虫体对外源性5-HT的摄取;色氨酸羟化酶抑制剂对氯苯丙氨酸不能改变内源性5-HT的含量。