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鸡的微卫星DNA标记与胴体性状的相关分析 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3
测定了青脚麻鸡与隐性白鸡杂交后自交的F2代个体的全净堂重、全净堂率、脂肪宽带、腹脂重和腹脂率6个胴体性状,检测10个微卫星DNA标记,对标记基因型胴体性状值进行方差分析和多重比较,结果表明:MCW328对于10周龄体重和全净膛重两性状各基因型均有显著的差异(P<0.05);ADL292对于腹脂重性状各基因型有极显著的差异(P<0.01),对于腹脂率有显著的差异(P<0.05)。MCW328标记基因与控制10周龄体重和全净膛重QTL连锁,ADL292标记基因与控制腹脂重和腹脂率QTL连锁。 相似文献
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以不同来源大豆种质为材料进行基因组SSR分析,探讨大豆遗传多样性研究方法,旨在为科学评价大豆种质资源提供参考。当取样比例相同时,湖北大豆的遗传丰富度显著高于湖南大豆,但两省大豆遗传多样性指数之间没有显著差异。当取样量相同时,利用随机取样法比较,湖南大豆的遗传多样性显著高于湖北,而利用聚类取样比较,两省大豆的遗传多样性没有显著差异。在遗传多样性指数相同情况下,湖北大豆的遗传丰富度显著高于湖南大豆。取样数与三个遗传多样性评价参数(等位变异数、Shannon指数、He)之间均达到显著和极显著相关。以湖南大豆为例,估算出在大豆SSR遗传多样性分析中,至少需要50~60个样本,即占总体9.0%~10.8%的取样比例,才能代表总体的遗传变异。提出在评价大豆遗传多样性时,应用大豆样本数对其遗传多样性指数计算公式进行修正,建议将Shannon指数计算公式改为H=-lnN ∑Pi lnPi (N为样本数)。根据修正公式分析,结果表明,湖北大豆的遗传多样性高于湖南大豆。 相似文献
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转录组测序技术在玉米中的应用研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
随着功能基因组时代的到来,转录组测序技术快速发展且应用相对广泛。玉米基因组测序的完成,有力地推动着玉米转录组结构的注释和功能的深入解析。简述玉米基因组研究概况以及GS FLX、Solexa GA IIx、SOLiD等测序技术的发展,回顾转录组测序技术在玉米新基因挖掘、分子标记开发、代谢网络、分子进化、miRNAs等相关研究领域上的应用,为玉米复杂农艺性状的分子机制、不同发育阶段基因表达调控网络乃至分子设计育种等工作的深入研究提供参考。 相似文献
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Reducing the antinutritional components of soybean (Glycine max) seed is necessary for producing animal feed with increased metabolizable energy and nutrient availability. The objective of this study was to evaluate marker-assisted and phenotypic selection for the high inorganic phosphorus (Pi) and low stachyose traits controlled by the Lpa and MIPS1 mutations in six breeding populations. Phenotypic selection for low phytate individuals carrying Lpa mutations using Pi was reliable, but the assay should include parental genotypes to construct thresholds before performing selections, as the effect of Lpa on Pi depends on genetic background. Phenotypic selection for low phytate individuals carrying MIPS1 using Pi should be complemented with sugar data because selection based solely on Pi may be inefficient, as this trait is not environmentally stable in MIPS1 germplasm. Marker-assisted selection for simple sequence repeat (SSR) linked to Lpa2 (Satt527, Satt561) depended on the pedigree of the population suggesting that perfect markers (e.g., single nucleotide polymorphism) should become the molecular tool for screening a large number of progenies with high efficiency. 相似文献
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Agnieszka Grądzielewska 《Euphytica》2006,152(3):441-454
Dasypyrum villosum (L.) P. Candargy is discussed as a species commonly used in wheat improvement. Chromosomal localization of the potentially useful traits and chromosomal position of some morphological and isozyme markes are shown. The investigations using molecular RAPD, AFLP, SSR, RFLP markers and in situ (GISH, FISH) hybridization experiments on D. villosum itself and in wide hybrids with Triticum are summarized. The article also presents the information about designation of D. villosum chromosomes and the current knowledge on the phenomenon of two-coloured D. villosum caryopses. 相似文献
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12 cattle microsatellite DNA markers were used for establishing the paternity of 4 Datong Yak calves.The results indicated that paternity can be assigned by use of exclusion method directely when the mother is clearly known and data of all likely sires were obtained. The more the alleles of a locus possessed, the more effectively the paternity can be assigned. Not only the microsatellite DNA marker is a promising tool in establishment of yak detail pedigrees, but also can provide us information of reproductive efficiency of the bull(s) based on the numbers of calves it produced in the herd, which will be useful in speeding up the processes of yak genetics improvement. 相似文献
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《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(3):199-220
Rapid progress is being made in many areas of forest population genetics owing to the newly available molecular techniques and the fast growth of genomic and sequence data. This paper reviews the currently available genetic markers and their applications in studies on gene diversity, population structure and differentiation, gene flow, introgression, phylogeny and gene evolution. Various marker-based population analyses have highlighted the evolutionary history of many tree species. However, up to now, genetic markers have not fulfilled the expectations for studies on the adaptive variation and the effects of natural selection on forest tree populations. Studies based on integrated and extensive genome sampling, especially the coding regions of the genome, in combination with adaptive traits can potentially improve this situation. This would provide us with a comprehensive knowledge of the evolutionary mechanisms shaping the population changes, both adaptive and neutral. 相似文献
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分子标记辅助选择已成为植物育种领域的热点,在辣椒的育种中具有广阔的应用潜力。对分子标记辅助选择方法及其在辣椒育种中的应用进行综述,并对其发展前景进行展望。 相似文献