45%丙环唑悬浮剂对不同小麦品种室内安全性测定

为了探索45%丙环唑悬浮剂对青海省春小麦的安全性,设置45%丙环唑悬0.2、0.4、0.8 mg·g-1的不同处理。结果表明以株高和鲜重抑制率为指标,各品种对药剂的敏感性差异显著;在0.2 mg·g-1剂量下青春38、青春39、通麦1号、阿勃4个品种安全;在丙环唑0.4 mg·g-1剂量下对青春38、青春39、阿勃安全,对通麦1号安全性差;在丙环唑0.8 mg·g-1剂量下对4个品种的安全性都较差。     

小麦抗叶锈病Lr35基因同源序列RGA1侧翼序列的扩增与分析

利用小麦抗叶锈病近等基因系材料TcLr35,根据已扩增出的Lr35相关基因组DNA片段RGA1设计3对特异性引物,通过热不对称交错PCR技术获得2个有效扩增片段,将目的片段回收纯化,连接到pGEM-TEasy载体,转化EcoliDH5α感受态细胞中,经EcoRⅠ酶切,验证插入片段,选择合适菌液测序。获得了2条侧翼序列,长度分别为511bp和614bp,与RGA1重叠区分别为293bp和509bp,分别向3'端和5'端延长了208bp和100bp,拼接后序列为915bp。经BLASTn同源性比较与小麦抗叶锈病基因Lr21同源性为93%(score值为674,E值为0.0),与含有Lr10基因的450Kb大片段重叠群同源性为90%(score值为260,E值为7e-66),该研究为克隆Lr35目的基因奠定了基础。     

中国假霜霉属分类的研究

本文报告对我国5种假霜霉的研究结果,其中荨麻假霜霉(Pseudoperonosporaurticae)是在中国的首次记录。标本保存于四川雅安四川农业大学。     

葛根素提取工艺及其表征的研究

通过对野葛根中葛根素的分离提纯研究,发现溶剂的浓度对葛根素的收率及酸解过程中盐酸浓度对葛根素晶体纯度的影响均非常明显。为此,对这两个因素做进一步研究,结果表明：45%乙醇抽提时收率达2%;5%盐酸酸解时纯度达95.8%。并对提取物结构进行了1H NMR1、3C NMR、MS、IR表征。为进一步研究葛根素的应用奠定了基础。     

Russian populations of Puccinia triticina in distant regions are not differentiated for virulence and molecular genotype

The objective of this study was to determine whether genetically distinct groups of Puccinia triticina are present in four regions of the Russian Federation. Collections of P. triticina were obtained from the Central, North Caucasus, Volga and West Siberia regions from 2006 to 2010. Ninety‐nine single uredinial isolates were tested for virulence phenotype with 20 Thatcher near‐isogenic lines of wheat. Forty‐one virulence phenotypes were found in the four regions, with eight in common between the widely separated Central and West Siberia regions. A total of 72 isolates were tested for molecular genotype with 23 simple sequence repeat (SSR) primer pairs, and 66 isolates were used for further analysis after clone correction for virulence and molecular genotype. Analysis of variation showed no overall differentiation of SSR genotypes or virulence phenotypes based on region of origin. Linkage disequilibria for SSR genotypes were high across the entire population. The regional populations had higher than expected levels of allelic heterozygosity that indicated clonal reproduction. Based on cluster analysis of SSR genotypes there were two groups of P. triticina isolates that were widely distributed across Russia. The two SSR groups also differed significantly for virulence. Puccinia triticina may be dispersed from a common source of inoculum in the European or Caucasus regions of Russia. The Russian P. triticina populations were highly differentiated for SSR genotype from populations in Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Armenia, Georgia and Azerbaijan and more similar to populations from southern Kazakhstan and northern Kazakhstan.     

中棉所45对亚洲玉米螟存活和生长的影响

以常规棉中棉所23为对照,采用饲喂法,测定了转双价(Bt CpTI)基因抗虫棉中棉所45不同器官对亚洲玉米螟幼虫的杀虫活性和对幼虫的生长抑制作用,调查了田间罩笼试验和自然为害的结果.结果表明:中棉所45对亚洲玉米螟幼虫都具有较高的抗性.室内饲喂结果还表明,对一代的抗性＞二代＞三代;对1龄抗性＞3龄;对3龄幼虫的抑制生长作用显著.     

小麦抗叶锈病基因Lr45的SSR分子标记

用定位于2A染色体的59对SSR、EST-SSR引物,对小麦抗叶锈病基因Lr45进行分子标记,共筛选出11对揭示TcLr45多态性的引物。用157株F₂抗感群体对这11对引物进一步检测,得到4个与Lr45共分离的SSR标记(Xgwm95、Xgwm47、Xgwm372和Xgwm122)。将经PAGE检测的标记Xgwm95的抗感差异带及Xgwm47的抗性片段进行克隆测序发现其中含有微卫星序列,且均为二核苷酸重复。Xgwm372和Xgwm122经琼脂糖凝胶电泳发现与Lr45的供体黑麦有共同的标记片段,可直接用于分子标记辅助选择。     

CACNA2D1基因第14内含子的多态性及其对猪肌肉pH_(45)的影响

［目的］检测猪CACNA2D1基因第14内含子的多态性,为猪肉质性状的分子标记辅助选择提供条件。［方法］采用PCR-SSCP检测猪CACNA2D1基因第14外显子和内含子在6个猪群中的DNA 多态性,并分析不同基因型对猪眼肌和腿臀肌肉pH45的遗传效应。［结果］猪CACNA2D1基因第14内含子有3 种基因型,即AA、AG 和GG,在其序列（GenBank接受号：FJ156361）的1 145位碱基存在1个多态位点（G→A）。χ^2 独立性检验结果表明,这3种基因型在各猪群间的分布差异显著（P＜0.05）。AA基因型金华×皮特兰F2资源家系猪与AG基因型猪在眼肌和腿臀肌肉pH45值上的差异显著（P＜0.05）。［结论］猪CACNA2D1基因第14内含子的多态性影响猪眼肌和腿臀肌pH45值。      

苦瓜新品种如玉45 号的选育

如玉45 号是以BAL-22-31 为母本,以山苦瓜-45 为父本配制而成的中熟苦瓜一代杂种。生长势较强,第1 雌花节位第17 节左右,主侧蔓均可结瓜;商品瓜长6 cm 左右,横径3 cm 左右,单瓜质量40 g 左右,老熟瓜可达200 g;果实两头较尖,橄榄形,瓜皮深绿色,纵棱尖瘤,肉质脆嫩,苦味较重,回味甘甜,总皂甙含量较高,适合煲汤和深加工;田间鉴定对枯萎病和白粉病的抗性较强,一般产量4 200 kg·（667 m²）^-1 左右,采收期可达6 个月,适宜福州以南龙岩、漳州、泉州、厦门等地栽培。     

Leukocyte differentiation antigens in canine cutaneous and oral plasmacytomas

Seventeen cutaneous and oral tumours with light microscopic features of plasmacytomas from 16 dogs were studied. Clinically, most neoplasms were benign, although three recurred after excision and three were locally invasive. Tumours most often arose on the pinnae, digits, gingiva, and inguinal regions near areas of chronic inflammation and exhibited variable degrees of plasmacytic differentiation microscopically. Diagnosis of plasmacytoma was confirmed in paraffin-embedded tissues with a panel of leukocyte differentiation antigen markers that included cross-reactive antibodies for Mb-1 (CD79a), CD3, and vimentin and canine-specific antibodies for CD45RA and CD18. Immunoreactivity for Mb-1 and CD45RA, including staining of multinucleate cells and cells with karyomegaly, confirmed a B-cell origin of neoplasms, while staining for CD3 and CD18 revealed an extensive network of infiltrative T-cells and dendritic cells in tumours suggestive of a directed immune response. These findings (i) demonstrate the value of using a panel of antibodies for leukocyte antigens to differentiate plasmacytomas from other cutaneous and oral round cell tumours, and (ii) suggest that immune recognition and responsiveness within tumours may play a role in the behaviour of plasmacytomas in dogs by affecting tumour cell growth and differentiation.