基于Hyperion光谱信息的鲁西北盐碱地特性探析

利用Hyperion影像及盐碱地分布端元提取了鲁西北典型盐碱地光谱数据并对其特性进行了探析,以证实光谱信息对于该区盐碱地研究的可用性。利用生成的原始及包络线去除的光谱曲线,分别从土壤电导率、土壤盐分含量及一系列诊断性指标入手,借助诊断性吸收波段对本区盐碱地特性进行了分析。结果表明：该区盐碱地兼具其他地点盐碱地光谱吸收共性及自身特性,证实了基于遥感光谱信息的盐碱地特性分析是可行的,可用于区域盐碱地遥感监测。     

水稻重金属污染胁迫光谱分析模型的区域应用与验证

根据样地试验建立的农作物重金属污染胁迫光谱分析模型通过卫星遥感数据进行大尺度区域应用是农作物重金属污染遥感评价必须解决的关键问题。该文以吉林长春市3块重金属污染程度不同的水稻农田样地为试验区,采集水稻冠层ASD(Analytical Spectral Devices)数据、叶片叶绿素含量和土壤重金属含量,并获取准同步的Hyperion数据,通过多元逐步回归分析筛选与重金属污染胁迫响应敏感的光谱指数,并运用BP人工神经网络模型构建其与表征重金属污染胁迫程度的叶绿素含量的数学关系模型。结果表明,样地水稻重金属污染胁迫光谱分析模型中的BP网络结构为4-11-7-1、传递函数为logsig,其对各类污染胁迫水平的判别精度均为100%;将所建立的样地水稻重金属污染胁迫光谱分析模型通过Hyperion影像,进行大面积推广并验证,得到其对各类污染胁迫水平的判别精度均超过80%。该研究为样地水稻重金属污染胁迫光谱分析模型的大面积推广应用提供了借鉴意义。     

基于Hyperion和ASTER影像的喀斯特石漠化评价指标提取对比研究

中国西南喀斯特地区以石漠化为特征的生态环境退化现象严重,遥感是获取大尺度石漠化评价指标的主要手段.但目前还没有直接从遥感图像快速、客观有效地提取石漠化评价指标的应用.基于植被指数(NDVI)、石漠化综合光谱指数(KRDSI)和木质素—纤维素吸收指数(LCA),对比分析利用Hyperion 高光谱遥感影像及其模拟的ASTER多光谱遥感影像直接提取石漠化评价指标的可行性和精度.研究表明,利用Hyperion高光谱影像能够比较有效地直接反演绿色植被、干枯植被、裸土等的覆盖信息,但由于不同碳酸盐岩及其不同侵蚀程度的光谱特征差异,直接反演基岩裸露的精度较低;而利用ASTER多光谱影像能够直接有效提取直接反演绿色植被、裸土等的覆盖信息,但由于ASTER影像波段设置的局限性,使其直接提取干枯植被盖度和基岩裸露率的效果较差.     

高光谱数据森林类型统计模式识别方法比较评价

在我国东北地区获取EO-1 Hyperion高光谱数据,以高空间分辨率的全色SPOT-5数据及其影像分割结果为辅助,通过外业测量获取真实可靠的森林类型空间分布数据.以这些数据为地面实状数据,对现代先进的统计模式识别方法用于森林类型识别的效果进行比较评价,总结可以有效解决有限样本条件下高光谱分类问题的基于统计模式识别的森林类型分类技术方案.评价结果表明:对高光谱数据进行降维处理,并采用更加有效的二阶统计量估计方法,进而应用将空间上下文信息和光谱信息相结合的分类算法,如ECHO,可以有效提高高光谱数据森林类型的识别精度.     

基于ASD与Hyperion高光谱数据的主要针叶树种分类研究

以云南省香格里拉市为研究区,对ASD光谱仪实测的4种针叶树种光谱数据采用包络线去除法、光谱一阶微分法和光谱二阶微分法3种波段选择方法得到Hyperion高光谱影像数据的分类特征波段,采用最大似然法、支持向量机2种分类方法对所选的特征波段开展树种识别分类,对原始影像采用光谱角填图分类方法作对比实验。结果表明,基于ASD数据的光谱一阶波段选择方案的支持向量机分类方法精度最高,总体分类精度为81.95%,Kappa系数为0.725 1。采用ASD实测光谱数据能有效指导Hyperion进行树种分类,基于数据尺度和换算方式,一阶微分更适合特征波段选择;与传统的数理统计分类方法和光谱特征分类方法相比,基于机器学习的方法如支持向量机等在高光谱遥感分类中具有更大的应用潜力。     

基于Hyperion数据的耕地土壤有机质含量遥感反演

为了探究耕地土壤有机质含量与卫星影像光谱间的关系,确定土壤有机质的光谱特征,构建土壤有机质含量反演模型.利用Hyperion高光谱卫星影像和福建省三明市80个土壤调查样点分析数据,对土壤有机质与光谱指数相关性进行了分析;在提取特征光谱指数的基础上,分别基于敏感波段和特征指数建立线性模型和多元逐步回归模型.结果表明:土壤有机质含量在Hyperion高光谱782.95~813.48 nm波段具有良好的响应能力;反射率的一阶导数所建立的模型拟合效果最优,其R2为0.777,RMSE为5.31,验证模型有机质实测值与预测值的R2为0.809,表明它能够用于区域有机质含量的快速测定.     

基于Hyperion数据的森林叶绿素含量反演

利用高光谱分辨率的Hyperion数据进行叶绿素含量的分步反演。首先建立叶片水平叶绿素含量反演模型,然后在Hyperion数据处理的基础上利用几何光学模型4-scale,结合查找表的方法,将Hyperion数据的像元反射率转化为叶片反射率,从影像上反演叶片水平的叶绿素含量。结果表明,采用分步反演得到叶片水平叶绿素浓度的方法效果较好,反演的结果与地面实测值之间的相对误差为16.27691,精度达到79.6593%。     

Remote sensing of crop residue cover and soil tillage intensity

Management of plant litter or crop residues in agricultural fields is an important consideration for reducing soil erosion and increasing soil organic C. Current methods of quantifying crop residue cover are inadequate for characterizing the spatial variability of residue cover within fields or across large regions. Our objectives were to evaluate several spectral indices for measuring crop residue cover using satellite multispectral and hyperspectral data and to categorize soil tillage intensity in agricultural fields. Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) and EO-1 Hyperion imaging spectrometer data were acquired over agricultural fields in central Iowa in May and June 2004. Crop residue cover was measured in corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean (Glycine max Merr.) fields using line-point transects. Spectral residue indices using Landsat TM bands were weakly related to crop residue cover. With the Hyperion data, crop residue cover was linearly related to the cellulose absorption index (CAI), which measures the relative intensity of cellulose and lignin absorption features near 2100 nm. Coefficients of determination (r²) for crop residue cover as a function of CAI were 0.85 for the May and 0.77 for the June Hyperion data. Three tillage intensity classes, corresponding to intensive (<15% residue cover), reduced (15–30% cover) and conservation (>30% cover) tillage, were correctly identified in 66–68% of fields. Classification accuracy increased to 80–82% for two classes, corresponding to conventional (intensive + reduced) and conservation tillage. By combining information on previous season's (2003) crop classification with crop residue cover after planting in 2004, an inventory of soil tillage intensity by previous crop type was generated for the whole Hyperion scene. Regional surveys of soil management practices that affect soil conservation and soil C dynamics are possible using advanced multispectral or hyperspectral imaging systems.     

基于支持向量机的EO-1 Hyperion遥感图像分类研究

以EO-1 Hyperion高光谱遥感数据为基础,对其进行大气校正、几何校正、滤波等处理,采用支持向量机分类方法对其进行分类,选择不同的核函数,主要有线性核、多项式核、径向基核、Sigmoid核,其余采用相同参数设置,进而比较不同核函数在EO-1 Hyperion数据分类中的效果。结果表明,采用支持向量机方法对研究区域的EO-1 Hyperion遥感数据进行分类,采用不同的核函数对分类结果影响不大。     

Reliable, accurate and timely forest mapping for wildfire management using ASTER and Hyperion satellite imagery

The present study aims to explore the potential and effectiveness of new Earth Observation data for mapping the vegetation composition and structure and thus provide accurate forest maps to be used in fire propagation simulation models and fire risk assessment. Land cover classification of ASTER and Hyperion images is performed in a detailed nomenclature including different vegetation types and densities since the same vegetation type may give fires with different behaviour as a result of differences in fuel continuity.

The results suggest that both datasets can provide highly accurate maps with an overall accuracy of 85% for ASTER and 93% for Hyperion classification. Although Hyperion is superior to ASTER in terms of overall accuracy, the latter provided a higher thematic accuracy identifying one additional class compared to Hyperion. The evaluation of the classification results in terms of cost and technical characteristics suggest that both datasets are suitable for use in wildfire management tools, depending on the specific user needs, and they could also be used complementary if a combination of high thematic accuracy and locally high spatial accuracy is needed.