云南金丝桃属植物资源的调查研究

 通过对云南分布的金丝桃属植物资源系统调查和资料整理，研究了该属植物在云南的地理分布及24种金丝桃的观赏性状及其资源状况，提出其持续合理开发利用的建议及措施。     

长柱金丝桃(Hypericum ascyron L.)分泌结构的研究

对长柱金丝桃各类器官进行了整体透明和解剖学研究,确定合理的采收部位和采摘时间。结果表明,植株富含分泌囊和分泌小管道两种分泌结构;叶片中分泌囊(道)的发育属于裂生型;地上部分泌结构分布较多,尤以叶片中数量最多、分布密度最大;确定植物的最佳采收时期是每年8～9月的花果期、最佳采收部位是地上部。此研究结果为此药用植物合理的采收部位和采收时间的确定提供解剖学依据,同时为其他植物分泌囊(道)发育规律的研究提供理论依据。     

Induction of hypericins and hyperforin in Hypericum perforatum L. in response to biotic and chemical elicitors

Hypericum perforatum L. produces hyperforins, a family of antimicrobial acylphloroglucinols; and hypericins, a family of phototoxic anthraquinones exhibiting anti-microbial, anti-viral, and anti-herbivore properties in vitro. To determine whether these secondary metabolites are part of the specific plant defense systems that are mediated by methyl jasmonate or salicylic acid, we used meristem cultures to assess the effects of exposure to exogenous application of these chemical elicitors. Levels of hypericins in plant tissue increased in response to both elicitor treatments; total hypericin levels increased as much as 3.3 times control levels when treated with 200 μ methyl jasmonate for 14 days. Increased hyperforin concentrations were detected when plantlets were treated with 1 m salicylic acid or 50 μ methyl jasmonate. For assessing responses to a biotic elicitor, greenhouse-grown plant materials were inoculated with the plant pathogen, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. Levels of hypericins increased twice as much as the control when inoculated with 1 × 10⁴ spores per ml; higher doses of spores overwhelmed the plant defenses. The elevation of hypericins and hyperforin in response to chemical and biotic elicitors suggests that these secondary metabolites are components in the inducible plant defense responses of H. perforatum.     

贵州金丝桃组培快速繁育技术研究

为了建立贵州金丝桃快繁再生体系,对贵州金丝桃进行了组织培养研究.结果表明:茎段为贵州金丝桃组织最适外植体,初代培养最适宜芽诱导的培养基配方为1/4 MS+TDZ0.5 mg/L+ NAA0.01 mg/L;芽继代增殖最适宜的培养基配方为1/4 MS+ ZT 1.5 mg/L+ NAA 1.0 mg/L;最适宜壮苗生根的培养基为1/4 MS+ ZT 0.1 mg/L+ NAA 1.0 mg/L.     

乌腺金丝桃显微特征观察

为了探讨乌腺金丝桃(Hypericum attenuatum Choisy)的显微特征,采用显微鉴定方法对乌腺金丝桃茎、叶横切面及全草粉末进行生药学研究。结果表明,乌腺金丝桃茎横切面维管束为外韧型;叶为异面叶,栅栏细胞一列;全草粉末石细胞众多;导管为螺纹、具缘纹孔,少为网纹;花粉粒长球形;气孔为不定式或不等式。     

黑龙江省两种金丝桃属植物RAPD反应的初步研究

利用RAPD技术,对黑龙江省金丝桃属两种植物进行DNA分子遗传标记鉴别,从30种随机引物中筛选出,对乌腺金丝桃、长柱金丝桃扩增具有较明显多态性的3种引物,进而从基因水平探讨其遗传本质。结果表明：引物S75、S76、S80可作为乌腺金丝桃、长柱金丝桃的高特异性引物,用这三种鉴别引物对样品的DNA进行PCR反应,经琼脂糖凝胶电泳,就可以准确鉴别。     

Prenylated phloroglucinol derivatives from Hypericum sampsonii

Six new acylphloroglucinol derivatives, sampsonols A-F (1–6), were isolated from the petroleum ether extract of the aerial parts of Hypericum sampsonii. The structures and relative configurations of sampsonols A-F were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analyses. All these compounds were tested for their in vitro cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory activities. Sampsonols A and B (1 and 2) showed significant cytotoxicity against four human tumor cell lines with IC₅₀ values in the range of 13–28 μM, whereas sampsonols C and F (3 and 6) showed potent inhibitory activities against LPS-induced NO production in RAW 264.7 macrophages with IC₅₀ values of 27.3 and 29.3 μM, respectively.     

Compositions and antimicrobial activities of the essential oils of two Hypericum species from Turkey

The chemical compositions of essential oils obtained from Hypericum hyssopifolium var. microcalycinum and Hypericum lysimachioides var. lysimachioides were analysed by using GC and GC-MS. Caryophyllene oxide was found to be the major component. The essential oils of both Hypericum species showed antimicrobial activity against nine microorganism at a concentration of 60 to 80 microg/ml.     

贯叶连翘提取物对流感病毒感染小鼠肺中IFN-γ·TNF-α的影响

[目的]研究贯叶连翘提取物(HPE)对流感病毒感染小鼠肺组织中肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)、γ-干扰素(IFN-γ)等细胞因子的影响。[方法]以流感病毒滴鼻感染小鼠,分别灌胃给药(贯叶连翘提取物高剂量组100 mg/kg、低剂量组50 mg/kg和病毒唑组10 mg/kg),0.2ml/次,2次/d,5 d后摘眼球放血处死动物,摘出全肺,低温条件下制成肺匀浆,离心后取上清采用双抗体夹心ELISA法观察小鼠治疗前后肺组织中IFN-γ、TNF-α的变化。[结果]与模型对照组相比,贯叶连翘提取物流感病毒感染小鼠肺组织中TNF-α显著降低(P<0.05),IFN-γ极显著升高(P<0.01)。[结论]贯叶连翘提取物对机体抗感染免疫有一定调节作用。     

贯叶连翘不定根悬浮培养的初步研究

为了给贯叶连翘不定根的大量扩繁提供可靠的理论依据,以贯叶连翘不定根为材料进行悬浮培养,对不定根生长的培养基种类、糖种类以及IBA浓度进行优化筛选,再通过观察贯叶连翘不定根的生长情况,测量其鲜物重和干物重,计算干物率和增殖系数,来确定最佳的悬浮培养条件。不同的培养基种类对贯叶连翘不定根的生长影响较大,MS对促进不定根生长的效果最好;蔗糖可明显增加贯叶连翘不定根的鲜物重和干物重,分别为8.29 g、0.46 g;当IBA浓度为1.0 mg/L时,贯叶连翘不定根的鲜物重﹑干物重﹑干物率以及增殖系数均达到最大值,分别为8.98 g﹑0.49 g﹑5.46%和13.97。贯叶连翘不定根在MS+IBA 1.0 mg/L,蔗糖作为其碳源的悬浮培养基中生长,增殖效果最好。