提高中锰白口铸铁韧性的研究

为改善中锰白口铸铁的韧性以扩大其应用范围,本文探讨了C, Si, Mn等合金元素、变质处理和热处理工艺对中Mn白口铸铁组织和性能的影响.     

茶树LOX基因家族的鉴定及其在白茶萎凋过程的表达分析

脂肪族类化合物是植物芳香物质的重要组成部分,对白茶香气的形成具有重要作用.利用生物信息学方法,在染色体级别的茶树基因组数据库中,对LOX基因家族进行鉴定,从中获得12个茶树LOX基因家族成员,命名为CsLOX1～CsLOX12.12个茶树LOX基因序列,主要定位于细胞质或叶绿体中,其编码蛋白具有相同的特征结构域及保守基...     

Habitat utilization and vertical movements of white marlin (Tetrapturus albidus) released from commercial and recreational fishing gears in the western North Atlantic Ocean: inferences from short duration pop-up archival satellite tags

Researchers have applied numerous techniques to improve billfish stock assessments, including habitat‐based models that incorporate behavioral and oceanographic parameters to standardize historical catch‐per‐unit‐effort time‐series data. These methods have allowed researchers to account for significant changes in the depths of pelagic longline (PLL) gear deployments over time. This study presents habitat‐use data recovered from high‐resolution 5‐ and 10‐day pop‐up satellite archival tags (PSATs) attached to 47 surviving white marlin released from commercial and recreational fishing gears offshore of the U.S. East Coast, the northern Caribbean, and Venezuela between 2002 and 2004. Data recovered from transmitting tags indicated that white marlin spent nearly half of their time associated with warm, near‐surface waters (<10 m). All fish displayed frequent short duration (mean: 39.8 min) vertical excursions from surface waters to depths averaging 51 m. Qualitative and multivariate classifications of data from completely transmitted movements of surviving white marlin revealed two major types of descents: one pattern was characterized by deep ‘V’‐shaped excursions of relatively short duration (mean: 23.4 min) while the other featured descents that were more broadly ‘U’‐shaped and confined to a specific depth range for an extended period of time (mean: 75.8 min). Based on the frequency, persistence, and patterns of these vertical movements, white marlin appear to direct a considerable proportion of foraging effort well below surface waters, a behavior that may account for relatively high catch rates of white marlin on some deep‐set PLL deployments.     

Response of black, cranberry, kidney, and white bean to linuron

Dry bean producers in Ontario, Canada, have few herbicide options available for annual broad-leaved weed management and there is little information on the tolerance of dry bean to linuron. The tolerance of black, cranberry, kidney, and white bean to the pre-emergence (PRE) application of linuron at the rates of 0, 500, 1000, 1500, 2000, and 2500 g ai ha⁻¹ was evaluated in field studies conducted in 2005 and 2006 at Exeter and in 2006 at Ridgetown, Ontario. The four market classes differed in their response to linuron. Cranberry and kidney bean were more tolerant to the PRE application of linuron than black and white bean. Linuron applied PRE caused as much as 12% injury in cranberry and kidney bean, 47% injury in black bean, and 56% injury in white bean. Linuron applied PRE at 500–2500 g ai ha⁻¹ had no effect on the height of cranberry and kidney bean but decreased the height by 7, 8, and 15% in black bean and by 10, 13, and 23% in white bean at 1500, 2000, and 2500 g ai ha⁻¹, respectively. Linuron applied PRE at the rates evaluated did not cause any adverse affect on the yield of cranberry, kidney, and white bean but black bean yield was reduced by 16% at 2500 g ai ha⁻¹. Based on these results, there is not an adequate margin of crop safety for the PRE application of linuron in black and white bean at rates >1000 g ai ha⁻¹. However, there is a potential for the use of linuron PRE for weed management in cranberry and kidney bean at the rates evaluated.     

Effect of Discontinuous Administration of β -glucan and Glycyrrhizin on the Growth and Immunity of Pacific White Shrimp Litopenaeus Vannamei

A six-week growth trial was conducted to compare the effects of different feeding strate- gies of dietary immunostimulants on the growth and immunity of white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei （4.70 ±0.20g）. Shrimps were fed with diet containing glycyrrhizin continuously, containing β -glucan continuously, discontinuously （seven days with diet containing β -gluseven days with diet without -glucan; two days with diet containing β-glucan following five days with diet without -glucan）,     

重庆市致病性大肠杆菌的血清型鉴定

从重庆市各地发生典型仔猪黄、白痢猪的肛拭粪样及死亡猪的心血和肝脏中分离鉴定出173株致病性大肠杆菌,用20种大肠杆菌O抗原单价血清进行了血清学鉴定。结果表明:173株分离菌有87株能定型,分属14种血清型,其中以O101(17.2%)、O8(14.9%)、O20(14.9%)、O64(11.5%)、O45(9.2%)、O149(8%)等6种为优势血清型。同一地区存在多种血清型,大多数地区有本地的优势血清型。不同地区的优势血清型有的相同,有的不同。     

隐性白羽肉鸡(农大系)的染色体核型和G-带分析

本文运用鸡胚成纤维细胞系制备染色体和G显带技术,对隐性白羽肉鸡的染色体核型和G带带型进行了研究。结果表明:其二倍体染色体数目2n=78,性染色体组成为ZZ(公)和ZW(母)。根据着丝粒位置,1号,8号,Z和W为中着丝粒染色体;2号和7号为近中着丝粒染色体;4号为近端着丝粒染色体;而3,5,6,9,10,11和12号均为端着丝粒染色体,而另26对染色体为无法辨别的点状染色体。研究分析了前12对常染色体和性染色体的G带带型,并绘制了包含165条带(其中75条阳性带)的G-带模式图。     

超低温冷冻对小鼠桑椹胚多能性因子Oct-4表达的影响

本实验旨在探讨昆明白小鼠桑椹胚超低温冷冻后Oct-4表达的变化与胚胎发育潜力的关系。胚胎采用OPS法冷冻,即胚胎于10%EG+10%DMSO溶液中预处理30 s,然后再移入玻璃化溶液(EDFS30)中处理25 s,以OPS为承载器投入液氮中。毒性组胚胎未投入液氮,其他过程与冷冻组相同,新鲜胚胎为对照组。胚胎解冻后,检测Oct-4 mRNA与蛋白的表达,通过观察其形态正常率、囊胚发育率和囊胚细胞数来综合判断其体外发育能力。结果表明:冷冻组和毒性组较桑椹胚中Oct-4 mRNA的表达量对照组相比显著降低(P<0.05),蛋白表达量3组间无显著差异。桑椹胚处理后的形态正常率以及桑椹胚培养48 h后的囊胚发育率(96.67%～100%)和囊胚细胞数(89.67～92.33)3组间无显著差异。结果显示,玻璃化冷冻保存小鼠桑椹胚后多能性基因Oct-4 mRNA表达的变化并未影响其体外发育潜力。     

对虾白斑综合症病毒VP28基因在家蚕体内的表达

VP2 8是对虾白斑综合症病毒 (Whitespotsyndromevirus,简称WSSV)的囊膜蛋白。在克隆了VP2 8基因的基础上 ,成功构建了重组转移载体pBlueBacHisC vp2 8和重组杆状病毒HyNPV VP2 8。用重组病毒的细胞培养液注射接种 5龄饷食后的家蚕 ,剪病蚕腹足采血淋巴 ,进行SDS PAGE和Westernblotting分析 ,结果表明 ,WSSV VP2 8基因在家蚕体内得到了表达 ,特异性条带大小约为 31kD。研究结果为探讨WSSV感染对虾的分子机制打下了基础。     

不同补饲水平对陕北白绒山羊产绒性能的影响

通过研究不同补饲水平对陕北白绒山羊绒的生长和产绒量的影响,探索陕北白绒山羊在冬春季节枯草期放牧时的补饲方案。试验抽取横山县某羊场同年龄段体重相近健康的陕北白绒山羊成年母羊120只,随机分为四组,每组30只。对照组,每天补饲0.2kg玉米;三个试验组分别每天补饲配合精料0.2、0.3、0.4kg。结果表明,在自然放牧条件下,陕北白绒山羊在冬春枯草季节通过补饲可延长绒毛的快速生长期至12月份,而1月至抓绒前绒毛生长缓慢。试验期内0.2kg组、0.3kg组、0.4kg组绒长的增长量分别较对照组增加了66.45%,67.10%,72.36%,产绒量分别提高了26.75%、29.62%、22.48%,三个试验组绒长度及产绒量均显著高于对照组（P〈0.05）,各试验组之间差异不显著（P〉0.05）。研究表明,成年母羊在冬春季节归牧后,补饲0.2kg配合精料可显著提高绒毛的长度和产绒量,但进一步增加配合精料的补给量,效果并不明显。