芸薹属蔬菜中硫代葡萄糖苷鉴定与含量分析

 对芸薹属中白菜类、芥菜类和甘蓝类蔬菜的硫代葡萄糖苷 (简称硫苷 )组成与含量进行了评价。结果表明 ,散叶甘蓝硫苷总含量最高 ,其次是包包青菜、包心芥菜、芥蓝 ,小白菜的含量最低。不同的品种硫苷的类型和含量不同。白菜类中 ,小白菜主要的硫苷为 3 丁烯基和 1 甲氧基 3 吲哚基甲基硫苷 ,菜心中为 3 丁烯基和 2 羟基 3 丁烯基硫苷 ,薹菜中为 1 甲氧基 3 吲哚基甲基和 4 戊烯基硫苷。在芥菜类中 ,发现了两种不同硫苷类型 ,烯丙基硫苷是包包青菜、包心芥菜主要的硫苷 ,约占总含量的 90 % ;而在小叶芥中 3 丁烯基为主要的硫苷 ,约占总含量的 70 %。甘蓝类中羽衣甘蓝主要含有 3 吲哚基甲基硫苷和 3 甲基硫氧丙基硫苷。 4 甲基硫氧丁基硫苷的含量以芥蓝中最高 ,此外 ,3 丁烯基硫苷的含量也比较高。在散叶甘蓝中 ,2 羟基 3 丁烯基硫苷是主要的组成 ,约占总含量的 4 3% ,烯丙基硫苷和3 吲哚甲基硫苷占总含量的 2 0 %左右。芥蓝中萝卜硫素前体 4 甲基硫氧丁基硫苷的含量可达 12 4 .1μmol/10 0gFW ,是很有抗癌价值的十字花科蔬菜     

Glucosinolate profiling of seeds and sprouts of B. oleracea varieties used for food

Consumption of plants of the species Brassica oleracea is related to a decreased incidence of certain cancer forms in humans, and this has been linked to the presence of glucosinolates in those vegetables. After ripe seeds, sprouts of some brassicaceous plants contain the highest concentration of these compounds and are therefore a good source of glucosinolates for chemoprotection. In the present experiments, the content and distribution of glucosinolates was determined in ripe seeds and sprouts (seedlings) of five varieties of B. oleracea (white cabbage, red cabbage, Savoy cabbage, broccoli and cauliflower) by high performance liquid chromatography. The type and concentration of individual glucosinolates varied according to variety of B. oleracea, plant parts in which they occurred and the sprouting period of the seed. Concentration of alkyl glucosinolates decreased whereas that of indol-3-ylmethylglucosinolates increased throughout the sprouting period. Roots had the highest glucosinolate concentration in four and seven day old sprouts whereas at both sprouting times, cotyledons had the highest concentration of alkylthio- and alkylsulphinylglucosinolates.     

油菜籽(饼)中蚓哚类硫苷的抗氧化性的研究

以脱脂油菜籽(饼)为材料,用弱阴离子交换剂(DEAE Sephadex A－25)柱吸附提取液中硫廿成分,除去油菜籽(饼)中其它杂质,用0.5ml/L硫酸钾溶液洗脱稀释到一定容积可直接进行色谱分析.在样品预处理过程中添加抗氧化剂可防止吲哚类硫苷的氧化分解.本实验比较了三种抗氧化剂(茶多酚、巯基乙醇、植酸)对油菜籽(饼)中吲哚类硫苷的抗氧化性.实验结果表明:巯基乙醇对吲哚类硫苷的抗氧化性最佳.     

Effect of glucose on glucosinolates,antioxidants and metabolic enzymes in Brassica sprouts

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of glucose on glucosinolates, antioxidants and metabolic enzymes in Brassica sprouts. After glucose treatment, total glucosinolates, phenolics and anthocyanin contents and antioxidant activity were significantly enhanced in Chinese kale and pak choi sprouts, while only the anthocyanin and ascorbic acid contents were increased in radish sprouts. These results indicate that glucose treatment has selectively improved the nutritional compounds in different Brassica sprouts.     

油菜籽硫代葡萄糖苷含量的胚、细胞质、母体遗传效应分析

采用双子叶作物种子数量性状遗传模型和统计分析方法，分析了油菜籽硫代葡萄糖苷（硫苷）含量的胚、细胞质和母体植株等不同遗传体系的基因效应以及环境互作效应。结果发现油菜籽硫苷含量的表现主要受制于母体遗传效应，其次为细胞质效应，胚（子叶）效应对其影响较小。不同遗传体系的基因主效应要明显大于环境互作效应。硫苷     

油菜硫代萄葡糖甙分析方法的改进和应用

本研究选用硫脲紫外吸收法(硫脲法)分析硫代葡萄糖甙(硫甙)含量,主要用于测定油菜种子和植株器官的硫甙.根据硫脲法着重改进了硫甙酶解存在的问题,并研究了改进后的方法限在营养器官样品测定中的应用条件。从而简化制酶过程,避免单纯依靠自身芥子酶的局性,扩大测定样品的范围。     

甘蓝型油菜种子中硫代葡萄糖甙总量的遗传分析

本试验研究了甘蓝型油菜华油16号/Marnoo,华油13号/Wesroona 和71-39/Andor 3个杂交组合各世代种子中硫甙总量的遗传。硫甙含量是高值对低值为部份显性,细胞质不影响后代的硫甙含量。华油16号/Marnoo 和华油13号/Wesroona 两组合的亲本之间存在3对基因的差异,71-39/Andor 的亲本之间存在2对基因的差异。从而表明甘蓝型油菜有2     

甲硫氨酸和茉莉酸甲酯对芥蓝硫代葡萄糖苷的影响

研究叶面喷施甲硫氨酸(Met)和茉莉酸甲酯(MeJA)单独和混合处理对芥蓝体内硫代葡萄糖苷(简称硫苷)组分及其含量的影响,为栽培调控提高芥蓝品质提供理论依据.结果表明:各处理芥蓝体内硫苷组分相同,均含有8种硫苷;Met处理对芥蓝总硫苷含量及各组分含量均无显著性影响;MeJA、Met+MeJA处理显著提高总硫苷、吲哚族硫苷、吲哚甲基硫苷和1-甲氧基吲哚甲基硫苷含量,其中MeJA处理含量较高,分别为对照的2.55,16.59,11.85和86.37倍,MeJA、Met+MeJA处理也显著降低了脂肪族硫苷、2-丙烯基硫苷、4-甲基硫氧丁基硫苷和3-丁烯基硫苷含量,其中MeJA处理较对照分别降低了32.53%,29.79%,46.71% 和33.31%,Met+MeJA较对照分别降低了37.04%,37.58%,46.44%和39.36%.可见,茉莉酸甲酯可显著改变芥蓝体内硫苷含量.     

西兰花籽中完形硫代葡萄糖苷的HPLC-MS-MS鉴定

[目的]建立一种简单、快速、经济的鉴定蔬菜中硫代葡萄糖苷的方法。[方法]用70％甲醇从西兰花籽中提取硫代葡萄糖苷,以甲酸作为离子调节剂,采用梯度洗脱的方法对提取物进行分离,并采用液相色谱-质谱-质谱联用技术对提取物成分进行鉴定。[结果]从西兰花籽中成功鉴定出8种硫代葡萄糖苷,其保留时间分别为5．9、7．7、8．8、9．5、13．6、16．0、19．3、28．6min,分子量分别为422、468、438、436、372、406、420、402;该鉴定方法所测样品不需经过脱硫等预处理,大大节省了试验时间,且样品需要量较少,试验效率较高。[结论]该研究建立了一种鉴定蔬菜中硫代葡萄糖苷的新方法。     

Bioactive compounds from Capparis spinosa subsp. rupestris

Aim of this study was to determine the content of bioactive phytochemicals in Capparis spinosa subsp. rupestris (syn. C. orientalis), a less investigated species of caper and compare the chemical profile of this species with that of other studied Capparis sp. and especially with the related cultigen C. spinosa subsp. spinosa. Chemical composition of seed oil and glucosinolates, as well as of glucosinolates and flavonoids from the aerial parts of the plant have been determined and data reported here. Oil from the plant seeds is rich in unsaturated and rare lipids such as cis-vaccenic acid; the main glucosinolate is glucocapperin. The aerial parts are characterized by rutin as the dominant flavonoid. The overall phytochemical data obtained from the analysis of C. spinosa subsp. rupestris indicate that this species represents a very rich source of bioactive compounds of nutraceutical relevance although the compositional profile does not differentiate this subspecies from C. spinosa subsp. spinosa.