稻谷热风、微波干燥品质与玻璃化转变研究

以函数拟合、近红外检测及发芽率测定,研究稻谷热风、微波干燥的去水性能及其蛋白质、直链淀粉含量与出芽品质;结合TG/DSC测试,探讨2种热源干燥稻谷的玻璃化转变对其干燥后品质的影响。结果表明:以对数函数拟合稻谷热风、微波干燥去水性能的准确度高;经2种热源干燥稻谷的蛋白质、淀粉含量过程差异不显著;但热风干燥稻谷初期蛋白质含量差异明显。鲜稻谷发芽率显著低于其经热风、微波干燥后的发芽率,三者分别为0.65±0.19、0.93±0.03、0.77±0.02。随含水率降低,经热风、微波干燥稻谷的热重损失与热流则呈不同趋势变化,二者中点温度均减小,综合影响干谷品质。     

循环水工厂化养殖系统中浮球式生物滤器在不同工况下的水处理效果

本试验对浮球式生物滤器在不同工况下的水处理效率进行比较,结果表明:(1)无曝气条件下,随着水流量的降低,滤器的硝化效率呈增加趋势;NH4-N转化率和NO2--N转化率分别由水流量8 m3/h时的15.87%和23.84%增加到水流量2 m3/h时的38.85%和71.37%;COD去除率在4 m3/h的水流量下最高,达到10.33%;另外,不曝气各工况下出水溶氧和pH有所下降。(2)有曝气条件下,滤器水处理效率随水流量降低而增加;NH4-N转化率和NO2--N转化率分别由水流量8 m3/h时的6.45%和51.45%增加到水流量2 m3/h时的32.67%和93.36%;COD去除率在水流量4 m3/h下最高,为12.20%;有曝气各工况下出水溶氧和pH都有所增加。(3)对无曝气和有曝气各工况进行比较,结果显示有曝气组各工况水处理效率优于无曝气组。(4)对试验中各工况的日水处理效果进行比较,认为有曝气条件下水流量维持在6 m3/h为适合生产的最佳工况。     

种子理化反应与种子衰老关系的研究进展

植物种子衰老是一个十分复杂的过程,是各种理化反应和生理生化反应的综合结果。国外几个研究小组近10年的研究证实,种子细胞质以玻璃态存在,其玻璃化转变温度与种子衰老密切相关,而玻璃化温度又与种子中的糖、蛋白等物质有关。还有一些研究表明,种子中存在被称为美拉德反应和阿马多瑞反应的非酶促反应,这些反应可以在种子水分含量极低的条件下发生,其产物在种胚内的积累成为种子衰老的原因,其机理可能是通过降低抗氧化酶的活性、修饰蛋白质、核酸的结构和功能、影响种子中糖代谢等途径进而引起种子衰老。     

一种新型节能保温墙体的研究

随着经济的快速增长,能源短缺等相关问题已经越来越严重,建筑节能问题已成为可持续发展的重要保证。该文介绍了现今我国在保温墙体应用上所采取的一些方法和措施,墙体保温的形式及特点;并重点论述了新型环保节能型材料玻化微珠在墙体保温中的应用前景。     

4种三嗪类除草剂对乙草胺光猝灭降解的影响(英文)

研究了3种不同光源下(高压汞灯、氙灯和自然光),4种三嗪类除草剂对乙草胺在玻片表面和水溶液中的光解的影响。结果显示,莠去津、西草净、扑草净和莠灭净对乙草胺的光解表现出很强的光猝灭效应,且猝灭效应与4种除草剂添加浓度成正相关。     

Effects of five additive materials on mechanical and dimensional properties of wood cement-bonded boards

There is a growing desire to improve the properties and use of nonwood plant materials as supplements to wood materials for wood cement-bonded boards (WCBs). This study was conducted to determine the comparative properties of WCBs containing various amounts of discontinuous inorganic fiber materials, such as alkali-resistant glass fiber, normal glass fiber, mineral wool, and nonwood plant materials such as retted flax straw and wheat straw particles. Tested cement-bonded boards were made at wood/additive compositions of 100/0, 90/10, 80/20, 70/30, 60/40, and 50/50 (weight percentages). Seventy-eight laboratory-scale WCBs were produced. Various board properties, such as the modulus of rupture (MOR), internal bonding strength (IB), water absorption (WA), thickness swelling (TS), and linear expansion (LE), were studied. The test results showed that three types of discontinuous inorganic fiber used as reinforcing materials in composites significantly enhanced and modified the performance of WCBs. The mechanical properties and dimensional stability of cement-bonded board were significantly improved with increasing amounts of the additives. MOR and IB were increased; and WA, TS, and LE of boards were reduced by combination with the inorganic fiber materials. The results also indicated that combination with retted flax straw particles only slightly increased the MOR of boards, and wheat straw particles led to marked decreases in all the mechanical properties and the dimensional stability of WCBs.Part of this report was presented at the 50th Annual Meeting of the Japan Wood Research Society, Kyoto, April 2000     

曼氏无针乌贼微卫星DNA富集文库构建与鉴定

曼氏无针乌贼是我国四大海产之一,开发其微卫星标记具有重要的科研与应用价值。本研究采用FIASCO法（Fast Isolation by AFLP Sequences Containing repeats）构建了曼氏无针乌贼的（CA）n微卫星富集文库,通过PCR检测出640个阳性克隆,占所有克隆的87%,从阳性克隆中随机选取118个进行测序,序列分析发现,103个克隆含有7次以上的重复序列,其中完全的为67（65%）个,不完全的23个（22.3%）,复合的为13（12.7%）个,重复次数范围为7~59次,平均为38次。在103个序列中共42条可以设计引物,所筛选出的引物可以用于评估曼氏无针乌贼种质资源遗传多样性、遗传结构、亲子鉴定以及放流效果评估等。     

龙江建筑幕墙浅析

建筑幕墙作为一种建筑外围护结构为现代建筑更多采用。它即具有幕的性质,又具有墙的功能笔者认为很有必要加速发展幕墙设计施工监理队伍。     

粉末等离子弧堆焊工艺在修复农机零件中的应用

对粉末等离子弧堆焊工艺用于修复磨损的锤片、犁铧、钉齿和螺旋挖沟机叶片等四种零件进行了试验研究。优选出两种合金粉末并选配一种合金粉末,确定了堆焊部位、焊层厚度和堆焊各零件的工艺规范参数。室内磨损试验及生产试验均证明了修复零件的使用寿命比新品提高一倍以上,作业成本降低49％-77％。     

昆虫生长调节剂对东亚飞蝗脑神经分泌细胞影响的研究（Ⅰ）

应用玻璃微电极技术测定结果表明：卡死克对东亚飞蝗脑神经分泌细胞自发性电活动具有明显的抑制作用。处理组４龄若虫饲毒后第４天间脑部位的Ⅱ、Ⅲ类脑神经分泌细胞数量比正常组的减少约７５％，而且细胞放电活动强度平均降低约０．５～１．０ｍｖ．振幅，放电频率平均减少约５～１０次／ｓ。