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针对非花果同期油茶果采收效率低这一问题,提出一种侧枝振动采摘点定位方法,通过振动侧枝降低树木损伤并实现高效采收。首先构建数据集,对侧枝分段标注,向UNet中添加CloFormer注意力机制并命名为Clo-UNet,实现侧枝的二维重构。其次,在Clo-UNet基础上进一步设计采摘点定位方法并命名为Clo-UNet-Point,该方法优先选择采收离果实最远且最粗的枝条。试验表明,Clo-UNet在验证集上表现优异,其中br_con(连果枝)、danger(危险区)和br_pro(优先采收区域)的平均交并比mIoU分别达到85.36%、86.37%和81.29%,平均像素精度mPA分别达到94.97%、96.17%和89.48%,Clo-UNet在整个数据集上的mIoU和mPA分别比UNet高5.14、6.85个百分点。通过观察验证集647幅图像,Clo-UNet-Point算法在不同光照条件下均能定位到采摘点,平均检测一张图像用时0.15 s。该研究可为未来非花果同期类油茶果的自动化振动采收奠定理论基础。 相似文献
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基于近红外光谱技术的茶油原产地快速鉴别 总被引:2,自引:3,他引:2
为研究茶油原产地溯源问题,维护其市场秩序,促进公平竞争。该文利用近红外光谱技术采集湖南、江西、安徽和浙江4个不同产地茶油的光谱数据,并运用 Savitzky-Golay 平滑(savitzky-golay, SG)、多元散射校正(multiplicative scatter correction, MSC)、一阶导数(first derivation, FD)和矢量归一化(vector normalization, VN)等4种方法对其进行预处理。采用偏最小二乘法(partial least squares, PLS)提取最佳主成分,构建 PLS 回归模型;同时,采用主成分分析(principal component analysis, PCA)和 PLS 算法提取最佳主成分,作为 BP 人工神经网络(BP artificial neural network, BPANN)输入变量,构建 PCA-BPANN 和 PLS-BPANN 模型。以验证集相关系数 RP 和验证集均方根误差 RMSEP 为模型的评价指标,分别优选最佳 PLS 和 BPANN 模型。试验结果表明,SG-PLS-DA 和 SG-PLS-BPANN-DA 模型对未知样本的整体分类准确率均大于90%。其中,SG-PLS-BPANN-DA 的鉴别效果优于前者,其建模集相关系数 RC、均方根误差 RMSEC 分别为0.974、0.170,验证集相关系数 RP、均方根误差 RMSEP 分别为0.972、0.172,对上述两类样本集的总体分类准确率分别为98.15%、95.83%,该模型能较准确鉴别茶油原产地。研究结果可为快速辨别茶油原产地提供参考。 相似文献
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鉴定了烟属植物野生种生育期等植物学性状特性,评价了供试材料对黑胫病(0号及1号生理小种)的抗性,为开展远缘杂交花期相遇及亲本选配提供了基础数据。在玻璃温室内,本研究针对66份烟属植物野生种的生育期等7个植物学性状的调查,检测了烟碱及钾含量,并对黑胫病(0号及1号生理小种)抗性进行了评价。结果表明:供试材料播种到开花时间(DF)为35.00~357.00 d,平均121.67 d;种子千粒重(TSW)为0.02~0.20 g,平均0.09 g;株高(PH)为11.20~292.75 cm,平均119.19 cm;花冠长度(CL)为1.22~11.50 cm,平均3.98 cm;花冠直径(CD)0.67~7.80 cm,平均2.37 cm;最大叶长(MLL)为6.79~61.15 cm,平均25.17 cm;最大叶宽(MLW)为0.65~35.51 cm,平均11.84 cm。烟碱含量为0.03%~1.81%,平均0.34%;钾含量为0.32%~7.11%,平均3.56%。筛选到N.alata PI42334等11份资源同时抗黑胫病0及1号生理小种。 相似文献
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Rosellinia (Xylariaceae) is a large, cosmopolitan genus comprising over 130 species that have been defined based mainly on the morphology of their sexual morphs. The genus comprises both lignicolous and saprotrophic species that are frequently isolated as endophytes from healthy host plants, and important plant pathogens. In order to evaluate the utility of molecular phylogeny and secondary metabolite profiling to achieve a better basis for their classification, a set of strains was selected for a multi-locus phylogeny inferred from a combination of the sequences of the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS), the large subunit (LSU) of the nuclear rDNA, beta-tubulin (TUB2) and the second largest subunit of the RNA polymerase II (RPB2). Concurrently, various strains were surveyed for production of secondary metabolites. Metabolite profiling relied on methods with high performance liquid chromatography with diode array and mass spectrometric detection (HPLC-DAD/MS) as well as preparative isolation of the major components after re-fermentation followed by structure elucidation using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and high resolution mass spectrometry (HR-MS). Two new and nine known isopimarane diterpenoids were identified during our mycochemical studies of two selected Dematophora strains and the metabolites were tested for biological activity. In addition, the nematicidal cyclodepsipeptide PF1022 A was purified and identified from a culture of Rosellinia corticium, which is the first time that this endophyte-derived drug precursor has been identified unambiguously from an ascospore-derived isolate of a Rosellinia species. While the results of this first HPLC profiling were largely inconclusive regarding the utility of secondary metabolites as genus-specific chemotaxonomic markers, the phylogeny clearly showed that species featuring a dematophora-like asexual morph were included in a well-defined clade, for which the genus Dematophora is resurrected. Dematophora now comprises all previously known important plant pathogens in the genus such as D. arcuata, D. bunodes, D. necatrix and D. pepo, while Rosellinia s. str. comprises those species that are known to have a geniculosporium-like or nodulisporium-like asexual morph, or where the asexual morph remains unknown. The extensive morphological studies of L.E. Petrini served as a basis to transfer several further species from Rosellinia to Dematophora, based on the morphology of their asexual morphs. However, most species of Rosellinia and allies still need to be recollected in fresh state, cultured, and studied for their morphology and their phylogenetic affinities before the infrageneric relationships can be clarified. 相似文献
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