天目蜜李丰产技术研究

配置一定比例授粉树种，是提高授粉效果获得丰产的基础。授粉树比例幼龄期高于成龄期，授粉树花期应与天目蜜李基本一致、果形近似、品质好、抗性强的优良品种，这样才能确保果品的质量与产量。     

散养成乳牛舍环境测定

以一栋散养成乳牛舍为对象，系统地测定了舍内外的气温、气湿、风速、辐射强度、黑体温度及屋顶热流量。结果表明：从６月１日—９月１０日，舍内旬均气温都在２３．４３℃以上，舍内１４：００气温旬均值都在２８℃以上，舍内旬均ＴＨＩ都超过７１．７１；屋顶热流量曲线的斜率很大、峰值出现于１４：００，并且与舍外黑体温度呈高度的正相关；舍内与舍外的黑体温度、辐射强度分别呈中等以上的正相关；冬季舍内寒冷，同时受舍外气流影响大。笔者认为，通过增加牛舍高度、先用高热阻屋面材料和冬季防风可望改进此类牛舍的环境。     

Taurine reduced oxygen free radical production induced by homocysteine in electron transport chain and homocysteine inhibites taurine transporter in mitochondria membrane

AIM: To observe effects of homocysteine and antagonized effects of taurine on electronic leakage and free radical production in myocardial mitochondria. METHODS: Myocardial mitochondria of rat heart was isolated, and was broken by supersonic wave to prepare submitochondria. Recombinant of succinic acid cytochrome c reductase was prepared with mitochondria of porcine heart. They were co-incubated with homocysteine and/or taurine with various concentration. The H₂O₂ and O₂^- were determined by chemiluminescence methods. The taurine transporter of heart mitochondria and its propert, and effects of homocysteine on its function were studied with glass filter. RESULTS: Homocysteine stimulated oxygen free radical production in heart mitochondria, submitochondria, and succinic acid cytochrome c in a concentration-dependent manner. Although taurine itself did not affect oxygen free radical production, taurine did inhibit oxygen free radical production in mitochondria, submitochondria and succinic acid cytochrome c in a concentration-dependent manner. Taurine transporters of Na⁺-dependent were existed in mitochondria membrane. Homocysteine inhibited taurine transtport in mitochondria in a concentration-dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS: Taurine inhibited electronic leakage and oxygen free radical production induced by homocysteine in electron transport chain. There were taurine transporters in mitochondria membrane, and transport functions of taurine transporter were inhibited by homocysteine.     

木棉雄蕊特征与其繁殖策略的关系分析

采用野外观察和实验室检测方法,对云南省个旧市冷墩村的木棉花部结构、雄蕊特征、花粉活性进行研究。结果表明,自然种群中花部形态特征具有一定变异性,3层雄蕊变异系数大小关系显著。在湿度为60%、温度为35℃时花粉活性最强。研究发现,木棉雄蕊长短变化可能有利于不同传粉生物传粉效率提高和增强适应性;木棉高层雄蕊花药个体大、花粉数量多、活性高,适应干热河谷传粉繁殖条件;温度较低时,底层花药花粉活力相对较高,可为逆境环境下木棉高层花药受损后提供后备花粉源。文章就木棉花部形态与繁殖关系、木棉形态及花粉活力对繁殖的影响进行讨论。     

梨不同品种授粉特性的研究

选用中梨一号、秋黄、八月酥、西子绿、丰水5个梨优良品种进行自花及异花授粉,研究其落花落果及坐果特性。结果表明,不同品种自花授粉的坐果率不一样,中梨一号、秋黄、八月酥自花授粉不结实,而丰水自花授粉的坐果率最高,为37.69%。不同授粉品种对落花落果和坐果率的影响也不同,坐果率与落花落果率呈极显著负相关,坐果率与花粉量呈显著正相关。     

高效液相色谱法测定天女木兰叶中游离酚和结合酚

[目的]进一步了解天女木兰中酚类物质种类及含量。[方法]利用高效液相色谱仪对天女木兰叶片中游离酚、结合酚和酯化酚进行定性定量测定。[结果]在10种检测酚中,天女木兰叶片中含有香豆酸和绿原酸2种游离酚,含有咖啡酸、香豆酸、香豆素和表儿茶素4种结合酚及香豆素和香豆酸2种酯化酚;各种形式的香豆酸广泛存在于叶片中。[结论]该研究建立的高效液相色谱法测定天女木兰叶中游离酚和结合酚的方法准确、可靠。     

Comparative morphology of the digestive system of 19 species of Southern African myomorph rodents in relation to diet and evolution

Trends in digestive system-morphology have been examined in 19 species of Southern African myomorph rodents. Structure was related to function, diet, and evolution. Characters related to an ancestral proteinaceous diet, and specialized characters associated with herbivory, were recognized. All stomachs were of the unilocular hemiglandular type with increasing degrees of cornification of the corpus, although the stomach of Saccostomus compestris approached the bilocular discoglandular condition. Those of Thallomys paedulcus and Mystromys albicaudatus were highly modified in containing numerous papillae in the corpus, possibly associated with gastric fermentation. The most complex caeca, of the herbivorous Otomyids, possessed numerous haustra and internal papillae probably associated with caecal microbial fermentation.     

野生樱桃资源在甜樱桃人工授粉中的应用探讨

以3种野生樱桃资源为供试材料,比较了花粉烘制方式和贮藏温度对供试材料花粉萌芽率的影响,评价了供试材料花粉对甜樱桃品种座果率的影响。结果表明：常温干燥皿烘制花粉萌发率显著高于培养箱烘制;水+10mg/L硼酸+20%蔗糖为测定供试材料花粉活力的适宜培养基;毛樱桃、中国樱桃、‘黄蜜’花粉在4℃冷藏30天的萌发率均高于40%;毛樱桃、中国樱桃和山樱桃花粉与3个甜樱桃品种的异花授粉平均坐果率可达到40%。作者认为,供试野生樱桃资源的花粉萌发和贮藏特性,以及与甜樱桃品种的异花授粉亲和性与供试甜樱桃品种花粉类似,在甜樱桃人工授粉中具有较大的应用价值。     

密斯蒂蓝莓花粉形态及授粉亲和性观察

摘要：以密斯蒂蓝莓为试材,进行花粉粒电镜扫描及自花授粉和异花授粉试验,观察花粉管萌发及生长动态荧光显微,调查不同授粉方式的坐果率,测定果实品质。结果表明,密斯蒂花粉形态均为四合花粉,呈四面体排列,近似圆角三角形,极轴*赤道轴为28.5*26.02μm;荧光显微观察发现自花授粉和异花授粉8h花粉开始在柱头萌发,14h有大量花粉萌发,花粉管进入花柱;24h花粉管进到花柱底部;48h花粉管进入胚珠,到达胚囊,完成双受精,自花授粉和异花授粉均有较好的亲和性;密斯蒂异花授粉坐果率最高,两种授粉方式果实品质无显著差异。     

梨树省力化液体授粉技术

梨属于自花授粉不结实性果树,生产中多采用配置授粉树或人工授粉等方法进行授粉,但易受气候变化或作业时间短、人工成本高等影响,造成授粉受精不良。我中心研发了一种梨树液体授粉方法,并通过多年的推广应用实践,已形成一项成熟的梨树省力化液体授粉技术。本文主要介绍该技术的实施方法与注意事项。