ONCHOCERCA GUTTUROSA IN Danish cattle. Prevalence, geographic distribution and host-vector relationships.

1. Onchocerca gutturosa is reported in Danish cattle for the first time. Microfilariae were found in 38 (9.4%) of 406 cows that were 2 years or older.
2. Microfilariae were not randomly distributed throughout the skin but were concentrated in the umbilical area.
3. No difference in prevalence was observed between breeds of cattle.
4. Most of the infected cows had grazed on fields close to streams that contained Simulium ornatum, the vector of O. gutturosa.
5. Differences in preferred biting sites of S. ornatum from cow to cow were correlated with the arrangement of hair.

     

蜱传性疾病--莱姆病螺旋体研究进展

莱姆病是一种蜱传性人兽共患病,在我国北方各省广泛流行,其病原体为伯氏疏螺旋体。莱姆病可使皮肤、心脏、关节和神经系统等多种组织器官受损。本文综述了莱姆病螺旋体的形态、种下分类、生化特征、传播媒介和贮存宿主等方面的研究进展"     

新麦草YUCCA基因克隆及其表达特性分析

【目的】克隆新麦草分蘖关键基因YUCCA并明确其表达特性,为该基因功能验证和育种利用奠定基础。【方法】以不同分蘖类型的新麦草分蘖节为材料,采用PCR法克隆新麦草YUCCA基因并进行同源序列比对,构建1300-cYFP-YUCCA过表达载体,利用烟草瞬时转染及蛋白质印迹法分析新麦草YUCCA蛋白的表达位置及表达情况,通过RNA-Seq数据及qRT-PCR分析验证YUCCA基因的相对表达量。【结果】成功克隆了新麦草YUCCA基因全长,大小为1 336 bp,最大阅读框为1 236 bp,并成功构建了1300-cYFP-YUCCA过表达载体。多序列比对结果显示,新麦草YUCCA主要与麦类作物的亲缘关系较近。表达特性分析发现,YUCCA基因在多分蘖型新麦草中的相对表达量远低于少分蘖型新麦草;与叶、根等组织相比,YUCCA基因在分蘖节中的相对表达量最高。烟草瞬时转化和蛋白质印迹法分析均显示,YUCCA蛋白可以正常表达,其亚细胞定位于细胞质中。【结论】YUCCA基因在调控新麦草分蘖中起下调作用,可用于后续YUCCA基因功能的研究。     

蚯蚓纤溶酶基因番茄表达载体的构建

为研究蚯蚓纤溶酶的番茄表达,构建EFE基因的番茄表达载体pF和pEF,并导入农杆菌。采用PCR法在EFE基因DNA序列上添加了表达调控元件和酶切位点后,得到新EFE基因片段,将该片段与切去GUS基因的pBI121载体相连,以构建CaMV35S驱动的EFE组成型表达载体pF;用PCR克隆得到的E8启动子片段替换pF上的35S启动子,以构建番茄成熟果实特异性表达载体pEF;最后,采用三亲交配法用重组质粒转化根癌农杆菌EHA105;结果表明:经过酶切、PCR和测序鉴定,EFE基因、E8启动子序列已重组到表达载体上,植物表达载体构建正确,并且已经转化进农杆菌EHA105中。     

苦瓜MAP30基因的克隆与载体构建

首先提取苦瓜的基因组DNA,然后根据Genbank中已公开发表的MAP30序列,设计一对特异引物MAP301,MAP302,并增添特异定位于内质网的小肽Kozak序列。采用PCR技术,从苦瓜的基因组DNA中扩增出一分子量为800bp左右的片段,回收克隆测序,结果表明,克隆获得片段与已公开发表的MAP30序列同源性达100%,将阳性克隆进行酶切,获得的目标片段与用同样酶切所获得的植物表达载体pEV1和pEV2大片段连接,酶切鉴定重组子构建成特异表达于果实的载体。     

铡草机切碎辊作物喂入矢角参数模型建立与试验

饲草收获机作物喂入矢角（辊（叶片）轴心至喂入点矢径的水平夹角）对切碎辊转矩负荷及切碎性能有重要影响,通过检测传动带压力与作物喂入矢角的关系,对收获机切碎特性与作物切碎过程进行了运动学、动力学分析,揭示了饲草作物切碎质量、能耗与作物喂入矢角的关系,建立收获机切碎辊作物喂入矢角数学模型并进行了优化。试验结果表明,当优化参数组作物单位长度喂入量为5.5kg/s、切碎辊转速为1600r/min、传动带初始压力为1.2MPa时,该作业参数组下切碎作物喂入矢角数学模型精度最高,准确率达79.52%,模型偏差为0.491MPa（0.957rad）,能够有效表征铡草机切碎作业负荷,同时在保证作物切碎质量下提高了铡草机作业能力,优化的切碎喂入矢角模型下切碎扰动响应时间缩短约26.41%,单位作业能耗减小约11.36%。该切碎作物喂入矢角模型丰富了铡草机切碎作业的建模方法,为饲草作物类铡草机负荷控制系统设计提供了参考。     

基于EnMAP Box的遥感图像分类研究

采用2007年6月云南省勐腊县TM遥感数据,利用EnMAP box进行了支持向量机的图像分类研究,以网格搜索法寻找最优参数,在设定的范围内,求得了最优C和g参数,用此参数进行支持向量机的遥感图像土地覆盖分类。结果表明：SVM方法较最大似然分类方法具有较高的分类精度,特别是阔叶林和橡胶林的精度明显优于最大似然分类方法;对于面积较小的次要类型,2种分类方法的精度基本保持一致;SVM的总体精度相对于最大似然分类提高了119%。     

Detection of arboviruses in Culicoides(Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) collected from animal farms in the border areas of Yunnan Province,China

Biting midges of the genus Culicoides(order Diptera, family Ceratopogonidae) are potential biological vectors for the transmission of certain arboviruses among humans, livestock, and wild animals. This study collected a total of 405 Culicoides individuals from seven animal farms located in five counties in the border areas of Yunnan Province, China, and examined the Culicoides species composition and the major arboviruses carried by the Culicoides species. The collected Culicoides were classified into seven species with variable abundances: Culicoides arakawae(5.43%, 22/405), Culicoides homotomus(1.23%, 5/405), Culicoides obsoletus(19.75%, 80/405), Culicoides orientalis(17.28%, 70/405), Culicoides oxystoma(29.38%, 119/405), Culicoides peregrinus(5.68%, 23/405), and Culicoides nipponensis(21.23%, 86/405). Among the seven species, C. oxystoma and C. nipponensis were distributed in all the five counties with abundances of 13.33–44.87% and 10.00–46.83%, respectively, suggesting that these were the dominant species of Culicoides widespread on animal farms in the border areas. PCR was used to detect major arboviruses in the collected Culicoides specimens, including bluetongue virus(BTV), Japanese encephalitis virus, Dengue virus, Zika virus, African swine fever virus, and African horse sickness virus. Among the tested viruses, only BTV serotype 1 was tested positive in C. oxystoma specimens collected from a buffalo farm. Culicoides oxystoma was the dominant species on animal farms in the sampled areas, but it has not previously been documented as positive for BTV in China. The current results thus suggest that C. oxystoma could be an important vector for BTV transmission in these border areas, which, however, needs to be confirmed by further comprehensive experiments. Overall, the present study provides the first profile of Culicoides species on animal farms in the China, Vietnam, and Myanmar border areas, establishes the prevalence of arboviruses carried by these Culicoides species, and suggests the vector potential of C. oxystoma species for the transmission of BTV.     

小菊'类锌指蛋白'基因植物表达载体构建及对烟草的转化

为了建立耐盐碱小菊(Chrysanthemum morifolium)中克隆到的'类锌指蛋白基因'CmSTZF(DQ864730)的烟草遗传转化体系,并研究其抗逆特性。本研究借助Gateway技术构建了小菊'类锌指蛋白'基因CmSTZF的过量表达载体pH7WG2D-CmSTZF,并以烟草NC89(N.plumbaginifolia'NC89')的叶片为试材,通过农杆菌介导的转化,成功地建立了烟草遗传转化体系,经PCR-Southern鉴定获得CmSTZF的转基因烟草株系。