磷化铝间歇熏蒸防治鱼粉螨类的研究

本研究介绍了饲料鱼粉螨类的有效防治方法．采用11．5g／m2的磷化铝片剂，分两次间歇熏蒸大量孳生螨类和昆虫的棉纱布袋和编织袋包装的鱼粉，达到了有效杀灭鱼粉中大量孳生的粉尘螨、跗蠊螨、齿蠊螨、河野脂螨、食根嗜木螨、马六甲肉食螨、转开肉食螨、特氏肉食螨等8种螨类和烟草甲、白腹皮蠹、拟白腹皮蠹、赤颈郭公虫、赤足郭公虫、黑菌虫的效果。     

新疆地区啤酒花害的发螨生特点及其防治

对新疆地区啤酒花上的土耳其斯坦叶螨 Tetranychus turkestani Ugarov et Nik-lski 的生物学、发生特点及防治对策进行了初步探讨。该螨寄丰广,为害啤酒花叶片和球果。在啤酒花的毛蕊期和球果生长期有2个发生高峰。本文以啤酒花越冬期,营养生长期、生殖生长期害螨和天敌发生特点,提出了不同的防治方法和技术关键。     

河北省小五台山国家级自然保护区蜘蛛名录(Ⅱ)

通过2004和2005年对小五台山国家级自然保护区内蜘蛛多样性的再次调查、采集、鉴定和整理,补充未记录的蜘蛛77种,至此,小五台山的蜘蛛共有31科114属234种.     

Resistance to bifenthrin and resistance mechanisms of different strains of the two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae) from Turkey

Nine different strains of the two-spotted spider miteTetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) were collected on cotton from Adana, Antalya, Izmir, Manisa and Urfa in Turkey. Their responses to bifenthrin were investigated using conventional bioassay and biochemical assays. LC₅₀ and LC₉₀ values of bifenthrin were determined for all strains by using a residual bioassay with a petri dish-spray tower. Resistance ratios were determined by comparing the samples with a standard susceptible strain, GSS. The resistance ratios of the strains ranged from <1 to 669-fold (at LC₅₀). Of the investigated field strains, only three (two from Adana and one from Urfa) were resistant to bifenthrin. There was a correlation between esterase enzyme activity and bifenthrin resistance according to polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and microtiter plate assays in the three resistant strains. http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting May 17, 2005.     

臭氧水防治草莓二斑叶螨的效果评价

臭氧水具有强氧化性,能有效杀灭环境中的病菌和害虫。本研究采用草莓上的二斑叶螨体表观察和田间防效试验评价了臭氧水对二斑叶螨的防治效果。试验结果显示,4.0-4.5 mg·L-1和1.0-1.5 mg·L-1的臭氧水均能够显著降低二斑叶螨的虫口密度,防效高达95.46%和91.28%,且显著提升二斑叶螨的死亡率,但臭氧水浓度过高会抑制草莓植株的生长,破坏草莓的叶片。通过对二斑叶螨体表的观察发现,利用臭氧水的强氧化性,有效破坏了二斑叶螨的体表组织,因此在二斑叶螨发生期连续使用臭氧水可以有效控制螨的为害。本研究综合防效和安全性评价表明,1.0-1.5 mg·L-1的臭氧水对二斑叶螨具有良好的防效,对草莓和授粉的蜜蜂也具有安全性,为二斑叶螨的防治提供了一种理想的方式,具有较高推广价值。     

Understanding the Enemy: A Review of the Genetics,Behavior and Chemical Ecology of Varroa destructor,the Parasitic Mite of Apis mellifera

Varroa destructor (Mesostigmata: Varroidae) is arguably the most damaging parasitic mite that attacks honey bees worldwide. Since its initial host switch from the Asian honey bee (Apis cerana) (Hymenoptera: Apidae) to the Western honey bee (Apis mellifera) (Hymenoptera: Apidae), Varroa has become a widely successful invasive species, attacking honey bees on almost every continent where apiculture is practiced. Two haplotypes of V. destructor (Japanese and Korean) parasitize A. mellifera, both of which vector various honey bee-associated viruses. As the population of Varroa grows within a colony in the spring and summer, so do the levels of viral infections. Not surprisingly, high Varroa parasitization impacts bees at the individual level, causing bees to exhibit lower weight, decreased learning capacity, and shorter lifespan. High levels of Varroa infestation can lead to colony-wide varroosis and eventually colony death, especially when no control measures are taken against the mites. Varroa has become a successful parasite of A. mellifera because of its ability to reproduce within both drone cells and worker cells, which allows populations to expand rapidly. Varroa uses several chemical cues to complete its life cycle, many of which remain understudied and should be further explored. Given the growing reports of pesticide resistance by Varroa in several countries, a better understanding of the mite’s basic biology is needed to find alternative pest management strategies. This review focuses on the genetics, behavior, and chemical ecology of V. destructor within A. mellifera colonies, and points to areas of research that should be exploited to better control this pervasive honey bee enemy.     

滑县花生新黑地蛛蚧的发生与防治技术

花生新黑地蛛蚧是近年来滑县花生田新发现的一种地下害虫,对花生造成危害,影响花生的 品质和产量。本文主要介绍新黑地蛛蚧的形态特征、发生规律、生活习性、为害症状及防治措施。