生长调节物质对小豆豆芽营养成分影响和功能性评价

为筛选最适合芽菜培养的小豆品种,以‘白红8号’为试材,设置3种生长调节物质(乙酰水杨酸、乙烯利和6-苄氨基腺嘌呤(6-BA))的各6个浓度(0.0、0.1、0.2、0.3、0.4、0.5 mmol/L;0、20、30、40、50、60 mg/L和0、2、3、4、5、6 mg/L)喷施处理,测定其生物特性(上胚轴长度、上胚轴直径、萌发率、鲜重、干重和产出比)、营养成分(可溶性蛋白和可溶性糖)及抗氧化等特性。结果表明:3种生长调节物质喷施处理都能够提升其营养价值,在乙烯利喷施浓度为50 mg/L,‘白红8号’小豆芽苗菜中各营养成分、酶活性及抗氧化性等均可达到最大值,显著提高了其营养价值。因此,为提高生产中小豆芽苗菜的产量和营养价值,最终确定乙烯利喷施浓度为50 mg/L效果最佳。     

蓝光连续光照对大豆芽苗菜类黄酮合成的影响

以黑暗培养(D)为对照,阐明了蓝光(B)连续光照对大豆(Glycine max L.Merr.)芽苗菜品种东农690生长和类黄酮合成的影响。结果表明:与对照组相比,蓝光连续光照36 h显著提高了大豆芽苗菜子叶中山奈酚(kaempferol)和黄豆苷元(daidzein)的含量,同时子叶中蓝光光受体基因CRY1、CRY2,类黄酮合成相关基因IFS的表达量也显著提高。处理组中,大豆芽苗菜下胚轴中黄豆苷(daidzin)含量逐渐增加,黄豆苷元(daidzein)、染料木素(genistein)、染料木苷(genistin)和山奈酚(kaempferol)的含量先升高后下降,但在36 h时均显著高于黑暗处理。在蓝光光照6和24 h时,大豆芽苗菜下胚轴中苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)与查尔酮异构酶(CHI)活性与对照组相比均显著提高。类黄酮合成途径相关基因PAL、CHS、ANS、IFS的表达量在蓝光处理下均是先升高后下降,而蓝光光受体基因CRY1与CRY2的表达量随着光照时间延长逐渐升高。     

不同温度对大豆种子萌发影响的研究

通过对东农42、东农43、东农163、合丰25、绥农10号采用六种发芽温度4℃、8℃、12℃、15℃、20℃、25℃下温度对大豆种子萌发影响的研究,表明：4℃、8℃温度过低,在调查期间种子一直没有发芽。其它几个温度的发芽率以15℃为最高,12℃为最低,同前人研究发芽率随温度升高而升高不同。同一温度不同品种的发芽率、平均芽长在品种间差异显著,说明种子萌发受遗传因素影响,同一品种不同温度之间的平均芽长随温度的升高依次升高。实验的研究有利于确定大豆的田间播种温度,为适时早播,保证田间种子的发芽,出苗,成苗,及时的成熟提供依据,并为最终的高产奠定基础。     

A screening test for Mycosphaerella brassicicola on Brassica oleracea

A greenhouse screening method for resistance to ringspot (Mycosphaerella brassicicola) inBrassica oleracea is described. High infection levels were achieved by spraying young plants by mycelial inoculum enriched with 3% sucrose. The screening method was tested on three Brussels sprouts, three cabbage and three cauliflower cultivars, with known reactions to ringspot in the field. Resistance was expressed both in cotyledons and true leaves by a lower number of lesions than the susceptible control and/or by hypersensitive reactions. Results of the seedling tests reflected differences in resistance in the field. Under controlled conditions the new test can be applied year-round to young plants, thus accelerating selection procedures.     

Database derived microsatellite markers (SSRs) for cultivar differentiation in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Brassica oleracea</Emphasis>

Fifty-nine Brassica oleracea cultivars, belonging to five botanical varieties, were evaluated for microsatellite (SSR) polymorphisms using 11 database sequence derived primer pairs. The cultivars represented 12 broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica), ten Brussels sprouts (B. o. var. gemmifera), 21 cabbage (B. o. var. capitata, including the groups white and red cabbage), six savoy cabbage (B. o. var. sabauda), and ten cauliflower (B. o. var. botrytis) cultivars from 13 seed suppliers. The 11 primer pairs amplified in total 47 fragments, and differentiated 51 of the cultivars, whereas the remaining eight cultivars were differentiated from the rest in four inseparable pairs. All SSR markers, except one, produced a polymorphic information content (PIC value) of 0.5 or above. The average diversity for all markers within the tested material was 0.64. There was no major difference in the diversity within botanical varieties and groups. The cluster analysis and the resulting dendrogram showed that the cultivars tended to group within these taxonomic units. The present study substantiates the use of microsatellite markers as a powerful tool for cultivar differentiation and identification in vegetable brassicas.     

Aversion of the feral pigeon and the house sparrow to pellets and sprouts treated with commercial formulations of methyl anthranilate

Two methyl anthranilate formulations, ReJex‐iT® TP‐40 and AG‐36, were tested as bird‐repelling agents for animal feed and vegetable sprouts, respectively. Feral pigeons (Columba livia) and house sparrows (Passer domesticus) are important pests of animal husbandry and field crops in Israel. In each 4‐day experiment, four birds were held together in an aviary, and were offered four trays or dishes with animal feed or cauliflower sprouts in four corners of the cage. The trays and dishes were transposed daily in a Latin square sequence. Pigeons consumed significantly more untreated feed than treated feed. When no alternative untreated food was offered, there was no significant repellency. Treatment of animal feed with TP‐40 to give 2.0 ml methyl anthranilate kg^?1 or less had no repellent effect on sparrows. Concentrations of 4.0 ml kg^?1 or more repelled the sparrows significantly. When no untreated feed was presented, pigeons and sparrows preferred the lowest concentration of methyl anthranilate presented. When AG‐36 was tested on vegetable sprouts, the sparrows tended significantly to avoid the highest concentration used—14.5 ml methyl anthranilate litre^?1 spray. The inter‐specific differences between the birds indicate that the efficacy of methyl anthranilate formulations as a repellent has to be specified for every species. This study did not determine (1) the possibility of developing habituation, (2) the behaviour of birds under natural conditions in the field, or (3) the influence of the feeding behaviour of a sympatric bird species on the repellency of methyl anthranilate to other species. © 2001 Society of Chemical Industry     

优质豆芽菜生产研究现状与展望

介绍了豆芽菜的基本特性,阐述了我国豆芽菜生产的发展及现状,重点叙述了优质豆芽菜生产的研究进展和发展趋势,并结合豆芽菜生产的现状,对优质豆芽菜的生产与研究进行了展望。     

红光处理对萝卜芽菜采后贮藏过程中芥子油苷和抗氧化能力的影响

为探究红光处理对萝卜芽菜采后营养品质的影响,本试验对采收后的萝卜芽菜进行8h红光处理,之后置于4℃条件下贮藏,于贮藏0、1、2和3d对其芥子油苷,叶绿素、花青素等抗氧化物质含量,以及总抗氧化能力进行分析.结果 表明,与对照相比,红光处理使萝卜芽菜中的脂肪类芥子油苷(4-甲硫基-3-丁烯基芥子油苷等)和吲哚类芥子油苷(4...     

中国现代芽菜产业链分析

从宏观发展的视角分析我国现代芽菜产业链的内涵和概念、发展历程和特征,从社会经济学角度分析现代芽菜产业链的构建及其功能效应,展望了现代生物科技系统地应用于规模化芽莱产业,对培植和提升我国现代芽菜产业主体创新能力的重要意义。     

浅议科学学派中领袖的作用与学派风格

科学学派是19世纪大学里普遍开展科学研究并建立起现代实验室后出现的一种科学组织形式。以科学史上著名的布鲁塞尔学派和哥本哈根学派为例,借助科学社会学的研究方法,分析这两个学派的学派领袖所具有的独特学术魅力和素养,并对在此基础上形成的学派风格和开创的学派领域加以考察,进而揭示科学学派领袖的个人作用与学派风格之间的密切关系,并对我国科学学派的培育提出一定建议。