果树自交不亲和性的遗传与生理机制及其研究

在简要介绍植物（包括果树）自交不亲和性与生理控制机制的基础上，着重对梨、苹果、杏等果树自交不亲和性的研究进行了综述，内容包括花柱内花粉管生长特点、花柱S糖蛋白的特性与作用机理以及果树自交不亲和的分子生物学研究，并提出了该领域有待研究的问题。     

异源八倍体小黑麦劲松81在贵州的产量表现

异源八倍体小黑麦劲松81于2006年通过贵州省农作物品种审定委员会审定。该品种具有矮秆、高产、稳产、易脱粒、结实率高、饱满度好,营养品质优异,对白粉病免疫,适应性广,再生能力强,可在早春割苗作饲料,粮饲兼用等优点。在中等、中下等肥力旱地中其区域试验平均产量226.14~251.6 kg/667m2,比劲松49(CK)增产12.84%~16.63%,居参试品种之首。生产试验平均产量258.5 kg/667m2,最高产量达348 kg/667m2,比CK增产17.66%,适宜在贵州海拔为1000~2300 m的高寒山区、半山区,中部麦区的中、下等肥力旱地以及省外生态环境近似的地区种植。     

新疆棘球蚴Eg95基因的克隆与序列分析

从新疆地区细粒棘球蚴原头节中提取基因组DNA,以细粒棘球蚴原头节DNA为模板,用Eg95特异性引物进行PCR扩增,获得Eg95-XJ-1基因,并将其克隆至pGM-T载体,经PCR、酶切和测序鉴定后,发现新疆株Eg95-XJ-1基因片段为1 304 bp。与Gene Bank中已知的Eg95基因有86%~99%的同源性,其差异大都集中在内含子区;与青海株Eg95基因家族成员同源性最高达97%~99%。这些结果表明,这一新疆地区的Eg95-XJ-1基因为Eg95基因家族成员之一。     

Molecular cloning and expression analysis of pig CD81

CD81, also known as TAPA-1 (target of antiproliferative antibody 1), is a member of the tetraspanin family of proteins and a component of the B cell co-receptor complex. Several studies have shown that CD81 plays significant roles in a variety of immune responses, including activation of B cells and T cells. In this study, we cloned pig Cd81 cDNA using RT-PCR coupled with rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE)-PCR and determined the complete cDNA sequence of pig Cd81. Pig Cd81 cDNA contains an open reading frame (711 bp) encoding 236 amino acids. The identity of pig CD81 with those of human, cattle, rat, and mouse are 90.30%, 92.26%, 86.22%, and 86.22%, respectively. Alignment of the CD81 amino acid sequence with those of mammalian species showed that the large extracellular loop (LEL) is the most divergent, whereas other domains are largely conserved. Pig Cd81 mRNA was detected by RT-PCR in a broad range of tissues, including lymphoid tissues as well as nonlymphoid tissues, indicated variety of cellular functions of CD81 in most pig tissues. Flow cytometry analyses demonstrated that human CD81 antibody recognizes a pig CD81 on the cell surface. Further, immunohistochemistry analysis using human CD81 antibody on pig spleen was revealed that CD81 expression is widely diffused in spleen tissue. Future study will be focused on defining the functional role of CD81 during the course of pig infectious diseases.     

茉莉酸对苹果气孔运动及抗旱性的影响

50、75、100、150 mg／L JA处理苹果叶片表皮，使开放气孔的气孔开度分别减小27．4％、37．5％、56．9％和63．8％，使关闭后的气孔在光下开放时气孔开度分别减小15％、18％、28．8％、52．5％、61．3％；处理植株后干旱胁迫，叶片相对电导率分别降低15％、18％、31％、58％，脯氨酸含量分别提高0．09％、0．40％、0．42％、0．54 ng／gFW，可溶性糖含量分别提高1．89％、2．53％、3．80％、5．06％。25 mg／L JA处理与对照均无显著差别。JA的作用表现出明显的浓度效应。     

常温泡沫箱加冰运输条件下荔枝的温度、品质、呼吸和乙烯释放变化

常温泡沫箱加冰密封技术已经广泛应用于荔枝的国内运输。以淮枝为材料，探讨加冰与预冷处理对果实温度、品质以及某些生理指标的影响。结果表明：29～31℃室温下72　h后，对照与5℃预冷处理的果实温度相近，达33℃，高于室温。加冰处理使果实温度先下降，至最低点后回升。加冰量达50％时，果实最低温度降至6℃，72　h后回升至27℃，低于室温。对不同加冰比例的荔枝可溶性固形物含量、好果率、果实失重、酶活性以及箱内乙烯、二氧化碳等气体成分动态进行了比较研究。     

苹果梨花芽孕育期生长锥细胞超微结构的观察

利用透射电镜对苹果梨花芽孕育期芽内生长锥细胞进行了观察，结果显示，在花芽孕育形成的过程中，生长锥细胞的超微结构发生了一系列变化：蛋白体和脂类小滴逐渐增加；核外膜向外延伸到胞质中与内质网相连，其上分布的核糖体增多；线粒体和内质网数目丰富且分布均匀；核糖体大量游散在胞质中；质体呈浅裂，中央缢缩；微管分布于靠近质膜处等。以上超微结构的变化表现出细胞旺盛分裂和分化的特点，反映了花芽孕育过程中的细胞学特征。     

95%杀螟丹SP防治萧氏松茎象成虫的药效试验

试验结果表明：95％杀螟丹可溶性粉剂对萧氏松茎象成虫有良好的击倒作用。其1000倍稀释浓度对萧氏松茎象成虫的死亡率达100％，且药效在林间的持效时间可达10天。因此建议在生产上推广应用。     

Ausnahmen von Quarantäneauflagen für Forschungs- und Züchtungszwecke

Specific harmful organisms whether singly or associated with plants shall not be introduced into the European Community. All activities which would involve these organisms are not allowed. The authorities can make under defined requirements an exception for activities for trial or scientific purposes and for work on varietal selections. The responsible body has to determine conditions which must be satisfied in the case of introductions, movements or activities, in order to ensure that there is no risk of harmful organism spreading. The legal basis is the Commission directive 95/44/EC transferred into German legislation by the Pflanzenbeschauverordnung.