文冠果生殖生物学的初步研究

文冠果(Xanthoceras sorbifolia)隶属于无患子科(Sapindaceae)文冠果属(Xanthoceras),该属仅此1种,为中国特产,在华北、华东和西北地区均有自然分布(牟洪香等,2008).文冠果种子含油率为30.4%,种仁含油率为55%～66%,并含有丰富的亚油酸和亚麻酸等,可作为优良的食用油,在工业上可作为生产高级润滑油、油漆和肥皂等化工产品的优质原料.     

Hybrid seed production using nutritional mutants

Summary This paper describes a method of obtaining pure stands of F₁ hybrids even if selfing occurs, e.g. the male-sterility is imperfect. The procedure is based on the use of recessive nutritional (auxotrophic) gene(s). The F₁ hybrids of the auxotroph × prototroph crosses are phenotypically and physiologically normal. The self-or sib-pollinated auxotrophic parental line(s) produce lethal offspring in the absence of the required nutrient.In crosses involving functional male-sterile maternal lines and thiamine-dependent male tomato lines (or reciprocals), the described scheme works as predicted. This scheme is now being employed in the production of hybrid tomato. Although some problems were experienced during the preliminary work with barley mutants the overall results are promising.The hybrid-production scheme has various advantages: (I) it is applicable in normally selfing species, too. (II) the two parental lines can be blended in hybrid crossing blocks, thereby increasing cross pollination, (III) it involves a genetically determined built-in system for selective elimination of the plants of unwanted constitution, and the scheme can therefore be used with imcomplete male- or self-sterile lines, too.