转rolA、B、C基因枳橙快繁技术

通过对转rol基因枳橙B、D、E系及对照的高接植株春梢茎段进行萌芽诱导、增殖及试管苗生根成苗的试验,摸索出适宜枳橙快繁各种培养基配方及培养条件。结果表明,以MS+6-BA1mg/L的培养基适合于芽萌发,以MS+6-BA0.5mg/L+NAA0.05mg/L的培养基适合于芽增殖,生根则以1/2MS+NAA0.5mg/L+0.2%活性炭的组合最佳,转基因各系生根率均在93.3%以上,显著高于对照生根率(66.7%)。快繁苗移栽成活率可达90%,目前生长良好。     

转基因枳橙中GA20ox1与rol基因互作关系的研究

为分析转rol ABC基因枳橙GA20ox1基因与rol基因表达的互作关系,进一步阐释其矮化性状形成的分子机制。以转rol基因枳橙实生苗为试验材料,研究其对赤霉素的敏感反应,用荧光定量RT-PCR分析GA20ox1基因和rol基因的表达,并检测幼芽中POD酶活性和植物内源激素含量的变化。结果表明转rol基因枳橙既不属于GA缺陷型,也不属于GA不敏感型,喷施GA3能促进其茎伸长生长,但恢复不到野生型水平,幼芽中IAA（P<0.01）、GA1和GA4（P<0.05）显著降低,POD酶活性显著提高（P<0.01）。转rol基因枳橙幼芽中GA20ox1基因mRNA水平相比对照显著下调（P<0.01）。B、D系与野生型嫩茎中无明显差异,B、D系老叶中明显降低,E系中嫩茎和老叶中均明显增加。B、D和E系嫩叶中GA20ox1基因转录表达均较野生型高。在幼芽、嫩茎中,rol C基因与GA20ox1表达负相关。rol基因通过在幼芽中的高表达下调了GA20ox1基因转录表达,进而抑制了活性GAs在幼芽中的合成,顶端分生组织较低量的活性GAs限制植物茎伸长,在转rol ABC基因枳橙矮化性状建成中发挥重要作用。     

发根农杆菌Ri质粒rol基因的研究现状

发根农杆菌Ri质粒与诱根有关的rol基因在植物中的表达不仅能导致大量毛根形成 ,而且还表现出一系列能稳定遗传的表型变异 ,在植物遗传改良中有着广阔的应用前景 .2 0世纪 80年代以来 ,国内外学者对发根农杆菌 ,尤其是农杆碱型发根农杆菌Ri质粒及其rol基因进行了广泛深入的研究 .该文重点综述了农杆碱型发根农杆菌Ri质粒的结构与功能、rol基因的位点与特征、Ri质粒的转化及rol基因的表达对植物生长发育的影响及在林木遗传改良上的应用等方面的研究现状 ,并对Ri质粒rol基因在林木遗传改良应用上存在的问题与应用前景进行了分析 .     

玉米粗缩病的发生规律及综合防控

通过大量试验、调查,摸清了玉米粗缩病的发病规律,并探索出了“一六八”综合防控体系。     

Introduction of rol Genes into Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) Genome and Effects of Transgene Expression on the Plant Development

The rol genes cloned from Agrobacterium rhizogenes were transferred to the cotton genome via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Molecular analyses and developmental identification of the putative transgenic plants were carried out by means of PCR, Southern blotting and field characterization. The results showed that the expression of rol genes greatly increased the rooting ability of the transgenic plants, and changed the plant development. Highly male-sterile plants with strong apical dominance and fertile plants with short internodes, stunted growth and improved economic characteristics were segregated from the T1 transgenic lines of wild rol B gene and the rol B gene driven by 35S promoter. The transgenic lines of rol ABC construct usually had normal boll setting and slow growth. Therefore we concluded that the rol genes, modified in suitable ways,could be used to create new cotton varieties with some highly valuable characteristics.     

流体力学反问题的类型及其应用

反问题的研究是一门前沿学科，这一研究使人们从对自然现象的预测上升到对自然现象的控制。文章从流体力学通用微分方程和工程实践亟等解决的实际问题出发，同时参照其它学科中反问题的提法，将流体力学中的反问题分成参数控制反问题、源项控制反问题，边界条件控制反问题，初始条件控制反问题和形状控制反问题等五类，同时分别2以工程中的实例进行举证。     

多拷贝rol基因对转基因杨树生长及内源激素的影响

对转入多拷贝rolB、rolC基因的三倍体毛白杨进行高生长量、生根率和内源激素(IAA、ABA)含量等指标的测定,以研究多拷贝rol基因在转基因植物中的表达。结果显示:转Ri质粒三倍体毛白杨再次分别转入rolB、rolC基因后,部分株系试管苗的生长受到了抑制,但各株系生根率均有不同程度提高;rolB基因转化植株的内源IAA平均含量高于rolC基因转化植株,其IAA/ABA值亦高于rolC基因转化植株。试验结果表明rol基因的多拷贝促使转化植株快速大量生成毛状根。     

Transformation of Diploid and Tetraploid Potato Clones with the rol C Gene of Agrobacterium rhizogenes and Characterization of Transgenic Plants

Diploid and tetraploid potato clones were transformed with the rol C gene from Agrobacterium rhizogenes under the control of the cauliflower-35-S promoter. Parameters proper to the sink and source attributes and hormone treatments have been considered to study the effect of the gene on yield physiology of the potato plant. The expression of the rol C gene in diploid and tetraploid potato lines induced drastic developmental abnormalities like dwarfism and increased tillering. Hormonal treatments revealed a different behavior of rol C transformams and controls. This supports the conclusion that the gene product of the ml C gene interacts with the hormonal status of the plant. Grafting experiments showed the non-ditfusable nature of rol C gene product. Tuberization was studied in-vitro and in-planta. Relevant differences in tuber shape and eye number were noted between rol C transfonnams and controls. Tuber yields in-planta in greenhouse or in growth chamber resulted higher in the controls; a significant increased number of tubers per plant was found, however, in both diploid and tetraploid rol C transformants. The effect of the rol C gene was apparently too drastic for diploid and tetraploid potatoes; weaker and tissue specific promoters may be necessary to induce only those modifications which are wanted for this crop. The experiments nevertheless proved that one single gene was capable in potato to affect substantially the manifestation of vieldmg attributes.     

一个新的水稻内卷叶突变体的光合生理效应

[目的]明确水稻叶片前平后卷的主要生物学效应,为 RL（t）在水稻育种中的应用提供理论依据。[方法]在水稻杂交后代材料中发现一个新的内卷叶突变材料,暂时命名为RL（t）,研究了 RL（t）与平展叶姊妹系0731-3-1-1B在叶片受光姿态、光合效率及细胞组织结构的差异。[结果] RL（t）较平展叶姊妹保持系三片功能叶明显表现出卷曲度大、挺直度高、叶基角小、披垂角小,相应地,提高了卷叶保持系群体各层尤其上部和中部的透光率;三片功能叶的气孔导度、胞间 CO2浓度和剑叶、倒二叶的蒸腾速率显著高于平展叶姊妹保持系,从而提高了 RL（t）剑叶、倒二叶的光合速率;由于卷叶保持系部分泡状细胞适度萎缩变小,导致叶片内向卷曲。[结论]该研究为内卷叶性状应用于水稻高产育种提供了理论依据。