中国主粮价格支持政策效应分析——基于产销区省级面板数据

粮食价格支持政策是我国稳定粮食供给的重要调控政策之一。本文利用2000-2013年中国小麦、稻谷和玉米价格、产量、需求量等数据,构建了以供需、成本和政策因素为主要解释变量的主粮产销区面板数据模型,通过在模型中引入虚拟变量和交叉变量,研究了价格支持政策对三种主粮市场价格的托市效应和产销区区域效应。研究发现,主粮价格支持政策起到了一定程度的托市作用,并且政策覆盖范围越广、执行力度越强,托市效应越明显;主粮价格支持政策在产销区的效应不存在显著的地区差异,表明该政策并未实现对粮食主产区的利益补偿,反而加大了主粮区域性供求矛盾,致使部分主销区主粮价格过高。最后,提出通过适当规模经营降低粮食生产成本;逐步建立发挥市场机制的粮食价格支持政策;继续加大对粮食主产区的补贴等政策建议。     

乡村振兴背景下惠农信息获取路径优化研究

[目的 /意义]在乡村振兴背景下,中国农村经济迎来了一个新的发展阶段,大量的惠农信息向农民群体传递。虽然目前农民获取惠农信息的路径众多,但在获取惠农信息的过程中仍存在着众多阻碍。[方法 /过程]本文通过问卷调查的研究方法,调查农民群体获取惠农信息的路径,简要阐述现有的获取惠农信息路径的情况。[结论 /结果]分析发现,农民在惠农信息的获取过程中存在一定障碍,针对各路径的障碍,本文通过从全信息视角对政府惠农信息的获取路径进行具体解析。从全信息中语法信息、语义信息和语用信息的3个方面对现有路径进行改善,从形式、内容含义和价值方面进行准确判断,进而优化惠农信息的获取路径。     

Dynamics of Integration between Chinese and International Waste Paper Markets

ABSTRACT

China is the largest importer of waste paper in the world and is highly dependent on the international market. Thus, the relationship between Chinese and international waste paper markets affects the supply of fiber materials in China’s paper industry. This study examined the dynamic relationship between the two markets and the impact of newly implemented policies on both markets. We used unit root tests, cointegration test, vector error correction model (VECM) and frequency-domain Granger causality test to investigate the integration between Chinese and international waste paper markets and identify which of the two markets is the price leader. The results revealed that the two markets were integrated after controlling for structural breaks, and the Chinese market acted as the price leader. Since the supply of waste paper and wood pulp is insufficient in China to meet the fiber demand of the paper industry, waste paper import restrictions have significantly affected the supply of fiber materials in China’s paper industry. Therefore, the Chinese government should fully consider the benefit of market integration and make full use of international waste paper resources to satisfy the large domestic demand for paper products.     

Can epidemiology and economics make a meaningful contribution to national animal-disease control?

The general role of veterinary epidemiology and economics to national animal-disease control throughout the world is considered for the four main groupings of animal diseases: zoonotic, food-borne, endemic and epidemic diseases. This is done by considering how veterinary epidemiology and economics has contributed to priority setting (which diseases come first?), decision-making (for a given disease, which strategy is best?), and disease control implementation (how can optimal delivery and adoption of selected interventions best be achieved?). Within each of these categories, progress made and future opportunities are discussed. In addition, a review is made of how veterinary epidemiology and economics has been institutionalised. We conclude that veterinary epidemiology and economics holds a unique role in the development of national policies and strategies for improved animal health world-wide. However, we consider that we must capitalise more on the unique comparative advantage of the partnership between veterinarians and agricultural economists. We believe that much remains to be done to improve the "institutionalisation" of veterinary epidemiology and economics, and the adoption and impact of the products of our unique partnership, particularly in countries of the developing world.     

Discussion on Private Forestry Development in China

1 HISTORICAL PROCESS ANDPRESENT SITUATION ON PRIVATEFORESTRY IN CHINABefore 1978, all the private sectors were bannedto own forest tenure in China. At that time, forestwas managed by state-run forest farms, state-runforestry industry bureaus or collectives. When thereform and opening-up policy was initiated inChina, with the implementation of HouseholdResponsibility System (HRS) in rural areas, privatesectors began to participate in forestry. In March1981, the State…     

促进高校发展的科技政策及科研管理办法

高等院校是国家科学研究的一个重要方面军。怎样才能发挥高校的人才、学科、实验测试设备、图书资料等优势,是当今"科技创新"、"科教兴国"中需要研究的热点问题。从我国目前有关高校的科技政策入手,就其政策执行过程中所出现的问题提出了我们的看法,高校在用好、用活、用足这些优惠政策的同时,制定出高校内部的有关管理办法,使高校的科研为国家经济建设作出应有的贡献。     

江西省农民专业经济合作组织发展政策研究

从江西省农民专业经济合作组织的发展现状及特点入手,分析了目前江西省农民专业经济合作组织存在的主要问题,并提出了相应的发展政策。     

山区效益农(林)业发展研究

通过论述效益农（林）业特征和作用的基础上，围绕浙江山区效益农（林）业的三种主要类型（龙头企业带动型，特色品牌型，生态观光型）进行剖析。同时在分析浙江山区效益农（林）业存在的问题的基础上，提出了发展效益农（林）业的目标和对策。     

关于我国农村扶贫政策与低保政策衔接问题的研究综述

对我国农村扶贫政策与低保政策及其衔接问题的相关文献进行梳理与综述,在此基础上提出了自己的观点:要将两项政策真正有效衔接必须要认识到贫困不仅只是一个单纯的经济收入问题,它涉及了社会资本、自然资源、基础设施、健康、教育、社会公正等许多因素,要用社会发展的眼光,以实证研究来发现问题、解决问题;要充分发挥贫困人群的作用,明确他们的所需与所想,如此才能更好的解决两项政策的衔接问题。     

基于目标分析法及熵权法的后农业税时代农地政策评价

在详细介绍目标分析法评价农地政策的方法特点及步骤的基础上,对后农业税时代甘肃省河西4市的农地政策进行了评价。结果表明:从横向比较来看,在4个城市中酒泉市农地政策目标的实现程度最高,明显优于张掖市和武威市;以2003年的综合指数为参照值进行纵向比较,武威市的综合指数呈逐年递增趋势,张掖市的综合指数总体上呈逐年递增趋势(2005年的综合指数是一个例外),酒泉市的综合指数也总体上呈逐年递增趋势(2006年的综合指数是一个例外),而金昌市的各年度综合指数有所反复,呈不稳定状态。