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Sonia Czarnes Pierre-Edouard Mercier Damien G. Lemoine Jihane Hamzaoui Laurent Legendre 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2020,206(5):505-516
Members of the bacterial genus Azospirillum are root-associated bacteria that increase yield in cereals by promoting growth and alleviating drought stress. How plants integrate the many bacterium-derived growth-promoting stimuli with other environmental factors to generate a coordinated response remains unresolved. Using a commercial Azospirillum strain, A. lipoferum CRT1 and two host maize cultivars, it was observed that bacterization reduced the drought-induced increase in lateral root growth and enhanced the flood-induced increase in lateral root growth in the more drought- and flood-sensitive cultivar. In the other one, A. lipoferum CRT1 only elicited a moderate root growth response under low soil water potential. The photosynthetic potential and activity were increased in the earlier cultivar and decreased in the later one, irrespective of the soil water content. No impact of the bacterium was seen on the growth of the leaves of both cultivars under both stresses until the third leaf stage, therefore suggesting that it is a consequence of multiple primary adaptations to biotic and abiotic stresses. It is suggested that host–bacteria recognition leads to a stress-specific modulation of the root response and a differential stress-independent effect on photosynthesis. This is the first report of the impact of Azospirillum under flood conditions. 相似文献
3.
三种草坪草净光合速率和蒸腾速率的日变化特点研究 总被引:12,自引:1,他引:11
研究了在晴天的条件下,假俭草、细叶结缕草和地毯草净光合速率和蒸腾整编的日变化特点。结果表明:(1)假俭草和细叶绍缕草的净光合速率的日变化曲线均为双峰型,而地毯草为三峰型,3种草出现峰值的时间不同,均有明显的“午睡”现象,日平均净光全速率的大小顺序为俭草>地毯草>细叶结缕草;(2)假俭草和细叶结缕草的蒸腾速率的日变化曲线均为双峰型,而地毯草为单峰型,3种草出现峰值的时间有所判差别,“午睡”现象均不明显,日平均蒸腾速率的大小顺序为细叶绍缕草>地毯草>假俭草;(3)不同生态因子与3种草坪草净光合速率、蒸腾速率的相关程度均不相等。同种态因子与不同草坪草的净光合速率、蒸腾速率的相关程度也不一样。 相似文献
4.
J. Kocielniak 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》1993,171(2):73-81
Night chilling (5 °C) subsequently lowered photosynthetic intensity in the leaves of maize seedlings at 20 °C through an increase in leaf diffusive resistance brought on by lower tissue water content in morning hours. A more significant increase in leaf diffusion resistance was observed when soil temperature was lowered than in the case of lower air temperature.
The unfavorable effect of soil and air cooling temperature on photosynthesis was limited by air saturated with water vapour. However, as a result of lowering the night temperature from 5 °C to 1 °C, the efficiency of the protective influence of higher atmospheric humidity was decreased. This demonstrates that the participation of factors unrelated to plant water status in inhibiting photosynthesis increases with lower night temperatures.
An additional reason for inhibited photosynthesis following cool nights was a decrease in chlorophyll accumulation, below 50 μg per 1 cm2 of leaf area. 相似文献
The unfavorable effect of soil and air cooling temperature on photosynthesis was limited by air saturated with water vapour. However, as a result of lowering the night temperature from 5 °C to 1 °C, the efficiency of the protective influence of higher atmospheric humidity was decreased. This demonstrates that the participation of factors unrelated to plant water status in inhibiting photosynthesis increases with lower night temperatures.
An additional reason for inhibited photosynthesis following cool nights was a decrease in chlorophyll accumulation, below 50 μg per 1 cm
5.
对N×特青示范田中试区与肥料试验田各处理小区稻株分析结果表明:抽穗后,亚种间杂交稻N×特青比常规稻特青干物质生产能力强,灌浆速度快;地上部各器官占植株干重比例,前者叶片比重大于茎,后者茎比重大于叶。亚种间杂交稻对肥料反应敏感,抽穗后,干物质累积,植株高度,每穗总粒数和粒重均随施肥量增加而增加,在高肥区有利于进一步提高产量,但增施氮肥后,灌浆速度明显滞后。 相似文献
6.
新疆森工企业是新疆林业的重要组成部分。森工技术进步率是全面考核林业综合水平的重要指标之一。本文根据新疆森工统计资料,首次采用增长速度方程、综合要素生产率指数、总因子生产率指数三种模型测算了新疆森工技术进步贡献份额(1981年到1986年)。结果表明,新疆森工年均技术进步率在0.5%~0.522%之间,技术进步对森工总产值增长的贡献份额在34%~36%之间。 相似文献
7.
茭白主茎地上部养分积累和转运规律 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以两个有代表性的茭白品种为试材,测定了植株主茎生育过程中地上各部位干、鲜质量的积累及叶片净光合速率的变化。结果表明在田间封行前,植株主茎叶和短缩茎的干、鲜质量持续缓慢增加;封行后至肉质茎快速膨大前,短缩茎的物质积累超过叶片和叶鞘;肉质茎快速膨大期间,干物质积累主要在其前期,同时短缩茎等其余部位干、鲜质量明显下降;之后肉质茎干、鲜质量增加趋缓,叶片、叶鞘质量仍持续下降,而短缩茎质量回升,进入新一轮物质积累期;主茎的总干物质量在封行后迅速提高,在肉质茎充分膨大后下降。功能叶片净光合速率在生育进程中总体呈持续缓慢下降的趋势,肉质茎快速膨大期间迅速大幅上升,紧接着又快速回落。 相似文献
8.
樟子松在西北干旱沙区的光合日变化特征 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
在甘肃省民勤治沙站 ,用 Li- 62 0 0便携式光合仪分别测定人工栽植的 4龄、9龄和 2 0龄樟子松的净光合速率日进程 ,其结果表明 :在干旱沙区 ,9龄以上樟子松的光合速率在午前随光强和气温而上升 ,午后下降。其 4龄、9龄和 2 0龄樟子松的最大净光合速率分别为 8.7μmol· m- 2 · s- 1、62 .3μmol· m- 2 · s- 1、1 9.7μmol· m- 2 · s- 1。 相似文献
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10.
Recovery of non-target plants affected by airborne bromoxynil-octanoate and metribuzin 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The present study was conducted to evaluate the recovery potential of non‐target plants affected by two airborne herbicides. Sunflower at the two‐leaf stage was used as a test plant and exposed for 24 h in a wind tunnel to a range of concentrations of airborne bromoxynil‐octanoate and metribuzin. Quantum yield (φPSII) of exposed leaves and of the second leaf pair developed after exposure was determined at a particular time up to 16 days following exposure. Maximum depression in quantum yield of exposed leaves from which a complete recovery occurred within 16 days was 63% for bromoxynil‐octanoate and 60% for metribuzin respectively. The corresponding maximum concentrations were 1.310 and 0.390 μg m?3 respectively. The second leaf pair was also affected and showed a similar recovery potential. From the results it can be concluded that the significance of airborne bromoxynil‐octanoate and metribuzin must not be overestimated, as sunflower and non‐target plants with a similar sensitivity are likely to recover from air concentrations of both herbicides reported under field conditions. 相似文献