Multi-sectoral Participatory Urban Forestry Development in Philippines Metropolitan Manila

The Luntiang Kamaynilaan Project (Metro ManilaGreening Project) launched in 1988 planted trees inmajor thoroughfares, center islands, school premisesand other idle public lands, was basically a governmenteffort. When the funds ran out, the project also fizzledout. In both projects however, it is evident that the keyfactor is peoples participation.Gaining lessons from the past two projects, thegovernment established a collaborative effort ofgovernment and non-government organizations. TheCl…     

参与式方法在退耕还林中的应用

本文分析了退耕还林程序和山西省PAAF项目的经验.提出在制订退耕还林县级年度方案、具体实施过程和检查验收等阶段应用半结构访谈、村民大会、实施管理条例以及实施小组和监测小组等参与式工具.     

参与式教学法在《饲料卫生与安全学》课程教学中的应用

为了激发学生对《饲料卫生与安全学》课程的学习兴趣,提高该课程的教学效果,在教学中引入了参与式教学法。通过吸纳学生参与教学目标内容设计、采用体现学生主体的有效教学活动形式、实行促进学生发展的学习成效评价等方面的研究与实践,激发了其学习积极性和兴趣,同时也提高了教学质量。     

河南省城镇贫困人口就业路径探讨

从大力发展城市经济;以农业特色产业为龙头,稳步发展农业经济;挖掘工业吸纳劳动力的潜力,增加就业岗位;发展第三产业四个方面探讨河南省城镇贫困人口就业路径,以期缓解河南省城镇贫困人口就业压力。     

Comparison of emission estimates for non‐CO2 greenhouse gases from livestock and poultry in Korea from 1990 to 2010

It has often been claimed that non‐carbon dioxide greenhouse gases (NCGGs), such as methane, nitrous oxide and fluorinated greenhouse gases, are significant contributors to climate change. Here we nvestigate emission estimates of methane and nitrous oxide from livestock and poultry production, which is recognized as a major source of those NCGGs, in Korea over the period of 1990 through 2010. Based on the data on livestock and poultry populations, emission estimates of methane and nitrous oxide are first derived based on the Tier 1 approach. Then, the Tier 2 approach is adopted to obtain emission estimates of methane and nitrous oxide from cattle, which are known to be the largest sources of these NCGGs and account for about 70% of emissions from livestock and poultry in Korea. The result indicates that the Tier 2 estimates of methane and nitrous oxide emissions from enteric fermentation and manure management are significantly different from the Tier 1 estimates over the analysis period.     

新农村视角下农民参与式小型水利

用水户参与式灌溉管理是我国近年来在总结本国管理体制基础上结合国际管理经验提出的一项重大改革。新时期倡导“坚持以人为本，构建和谐社会”的社会主义“新农村”建设与发展过程中，国家高度重视农村基础设施的建设发展特别是农村水利设施，那么农村小型水利工程参与式管理体制目前状况如何、今后如何围绕“新农村”发展将是新时期农村水利管理体制发展所面临和需要解决的。     

土壤溅蚀过程和研究方法综述

土壤溅蚀是土壤侵蚀过程的开始,是指由于降雨雨滴打击土壤表层,引起土壤颗粒分散和迁移的一种侵蚀过程,是导致坡面水蚀的一个重要威胁因子。因此,土壤溅蚀是土壤侵蚀的重要形式和组成部分,具有重要的研究意义。土壤溅蚀过程和研究方法是土壤溅蚀领域研究的核心内容。论文根据有关资料,综述了国内外土壤溅蚀过程和研究方法方面的主要成果,并对将来的研究方向进行了展望,以期推动我国在该领域的研究工作。国内外研究表明,土壤溅蚀是土壤侵蚀的主要过程之一,是各种水文过程、水力过程和生态过程的综合表现,是复杂的降雨因子和土壤因子共同作用的结果,涉及一系列关于降雨雨滴与地表间的能量转换过程。测量土壤溅蚀的方法主要有溅蚀杯、溅蚀板和溅蚀盘。进一步的研究应致力于土壤溅蚀的力学过程和森林土壤溅蚀过程方面的探讨。     

“农民参与式”木薯研究与推广的10年实践探讨

本文就中国热带农业科学院品资所于1994-2003年间所采用的“农民参与式”在木薯推广中的方法、过程、结果和成果进行了总结,并探讨成功的协作模式及解决存在问题的良策;概括“农民参与式”的概念、作用、意义。指出其发展前途。     

Increasing experimental approaches in stream trout research – 1987–2006

Abstract –  This review of stream trout research literature for the 1987–2006 period covered >1300 papers dealing with 22 relevant topics, when compared with <400 papers on 18 topics in the previous one (1967–1986). The percentage of experimental approaches here quantified for both research reviews was 18% in the 1967–1976 period, increased to 21% in 1977–1986, to 39% in 1987–1996, and up to 43% in 1997–2006. Particular journals in the recent two decadal period published high percentages of experimental papers ( The Journal of Animal Ecology and Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences ; 62.9% and 62.4%, respectively), others, intermediate percentages ( Nordic Journal of Fisheries Research , Transactions of the American Fisheries Society , North American Journal of Fisheries Management and Ecology of Freshwater Fish : 44.1%, 42.4%, 40.5%, and 35.6%, respectively); the remainder covered ≤33%. Research papers on stream 'trouts' published over the last two decades were classified into 22 subject areas for nine major journals separately and combined for 55 other journals. Subject areas dealing with the biology and ecology of trout redds, egg development, alevin emergence and onto fry and parr were the most heavily reported in nine major journals, as well as in all other journals combined. Habitat characteristics and cover use by trout were the next. Atlantic salmon and brown trout were the species with highest publication coverage in nearly all subject areas, with low coverage for all salvelinid (charr) species except brook charr. Research on Atlantic salmon in the UK used experimental approaches in nearly 60% of publications and in mid to high 30% for those on Atlantic salmon and brown trout in Scandinavian countries. Consideration is given to future research needs for stream trouts.     

坡地植物篱技术参与式发展研究

实践证明,参与式在坡地植物篱项目示范推广中,能有效地调动农民参与的积极性,提高项目的成功率,促进坡地管理技术的创新和发展。参与式的方法是一种创新推广农业实用技术的好方法。比较了传统方法和参与式方法的实践,认为参与式有利于调动社会和农村的各种有利资源,加速农业技术的推广速度,实现可持续发展的目标,因此在新农村建设中,有普遍的实用价值和很好的推广前景。