定容燃烧模拟装置内氢气绝热理论燃烧温度的计算

进行了定容燃烧模拟装置内氢气绝热理论燃烧温度的热力学分析和计算,在定容燃烧弹内,实际的燃烧过程是定容过程而不是定压过程,应在定容绝热条件下进行氢气绝热理论燃烧温度的计算,氢气的定容绝热理论火焰温度和定压绝热理论火焰温度是不同的,在化学反应平衡方程式所需的化学计量浓度附近,其燃烧温度和压力都达到最大值。     

烟雾对某型激光制导炸弹战术性能干扰研究

探讨了烟幕对激光制导炸弹的干扰原理,利用某型激光制导武器投弹测试与红磷、黄磷及添加新材料的烟幕剂对激光制导炸弹的干扰性能,分析讨论了测试结果,对今后激光制导波段提出建议。     

Research and Application of Decision - making System in Mine Fire

主要介绍了矿井火灾决策系统的组成及应用。矿井火灾决策系统能大大节省灾变时期的反应时间，为企业在第一时间采取果断措施尽可能消除或减少火灾损失争取宝贵的时间，对于矿井火灾的防治具有重要的意义。     

Measurement variability in soybean water status and soil‐nutrient extraction in a row spacing study in the U.S. southeastern coastal plain

Abstract

Full‐season determinate soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] was grown in the field in a humid climate for three seasons (1979–81). The objective was to examine variability in several methods of determining basic relationships between soil and plant water status in a range of canopy configurations and to examine treatment effects on soil‐nutrient extraction. In each year, two cultivars, “Davis” (group VI) and “Coker 338” (group VIII) were planted in four row spacings. In 1980 and 1981 the experiment was expanded and split for irrigation and row orientation (N—S or E‐W). Post‐harvest soil samples were collected and analyzed to determine if irrigation, row spacing, or cultivar influenced K, Ca, and Mg extraction patterns.

During the growing seasons, parallel leaf diffusive resistance (R_s) was poorly correlated with xylem pressure potential (ψ_x), canopy s x temperature (T_c), canopy minus air temperature (?T), leaf vapor pressure deficit (LVPD), and atmospheric vapor pressure deficit (VPD) in single factor correlations. Xylem pressure potential was highly correlated with T_c , ?T, VPD, and LVPD, but was poorly correlated with soil water potential. Both ψ_x and T_c were significantly affected by the imposition of shade from a 60% shading cloth within as little as 1 minute of shade imposition. The impact of cultivar on seasonal ψ_x was significant and was nearly half the magnitude of the observed difference caused by irrigation. Irrigation raised ψ_x by only 2.2 bars over the two—year observation period, in spite of large differences in soil water potential when irrigation was imposed. The impact of canopy configuration was not measureable in any water relations parameter except infrared‐determined T_c. Correlation of T and ψ_x was significantly more reliable when limited to a single variety, row spacing, and row orientation. Aspect of infrared temperature measurement also significantly affected observed T_c.

Analysis of post‐harvest soil samples indicated that narrow (50 cm) row spacing in 1980 and irrigation in 1981 significantly decreased post—harvest Mehlich No. I extractable K, but none of the cultural practices influenced extractable Ca or Mg at P(0.05). In 1980, ex‐tractable K within soybean rows was significantly greater than between rows. Similar trends were observed for Ca and Mg in 1980 and for all 3 nutrients in 1981, but those differences were not significant at P(0.05). Overall, these measurements quantify the difficulty in relating soil and plant water status and identifying nutrient extraction patterns in sandy soils within the humid U.S. Southeastern Coastal Plain.     

国内外森林火灾扑救中以水灭火技术与设备研发

以水灭火具有成本低廉、环境友好、高效快捷和防止火后复燃等优点.在有河流、湖泊、池塘等水源的林区,水灭火是灭火技术的首选.介绍了以水灭火的原理、消防装备、国内以水灭火技术现状,论述了国内外以水灭火消防装备的发展方向.     

固定顶储罐液下喷射泡沫灭火技术

与液上喷射泡沫灭火系统的相比，液下喷射泡沫灭火系统具有安全可靠，灭火速度快，省投资等优点，但却存在单阀易渗漏问题。针对这一问题，提出了通过在单向阀和控制阀之间增设爆破片，或在灭火系统泡沫喷口处设置泡沫带以及改善单向阀密封性能等解决办法。     

固定顶油罐泡沫灭火系统的改进方法

针对固定顶油罐现有的3种泡沫灭火系统的缺陷,设计了一种新型泡沫灭火系统。该系统克服了液上泡沫灭火系统容易遭到破坏且效率不高、液下泡沫灭火系统容易污染油液并需要高压泵及半液下泡沫灭火系统不能重复使用和造价较高的不足。系统主要由软管、空心浮子、十字喷嘴和泄压管组成,造价低廉,灭火效率高,使用和维护成本低,性价比高,有较高的推广价值。     

便携式风力灭火机的研究与发展

便携式风力灭火机是为适合我国林区条件而发展起来的灭火机具,风力灭火机的研究在我国林火扑救方面有很重要的应用价值和现实意义。分析了风力灭火机的灭火机理和灭火特性,总结了便携式风力灭火机的发展历程,对风力灭火机的发展趋势进行了展望。     

森林消防水泵使用技术

介绍了我国森林消防水泵的类型和特点,阐述了水泵在森林灭火实战中的操作技术和架设方法,探讨了消防水泵在实际运用过程中应重点注意的问题。     

黑河地区夏季林火特点及灭火手段探讨

文章对黑河地区2004～2009年的夏季气象因子进行了分析,指出黑河地区夏季林火具有发生时间相对集中、发生次数呈上升趋势、多发生在偏远山区、主要为地表火、火因主要是人为所致等特点,强调使用直升机、专业机械化部队扑救该地区夏季林火具有优势,效果明显。