中国沙棘子叶叶肉细胞电流全细胞记录的研究

实验得出适合膜片钳实验的耐盐木本植物中国沙棘子叶原生质体的游离条件,即取当天脱壳的子叶,放入渗透浓度为0.88 mol/L,pH为5.8,酶液的组分为10 g/LCellulase R-10、0.5 g/LPectolyase Y-23、1.5 g/LMacrozymeR-10、1 g/L Hemicellulase、1 g/L BSA、1 g/L PVP-40、2 mmol/L CaCl2、10 mmol/L Mes和5 mmol/L Vc的溶液中,在26℃、黑暗条件下,静置4 h。并且利用Multiclamp 700B放大器和Clampex 9.2软件,记录到了该原生质体质膜全细胞内向K 通道电流(-459.137 pA及-290.527 pA)和非选择性阳离子通道的外向电流(8.036 pA)。这为沙棘属木本植物细胞的电生理特性及其耐盐性机制关系的研究奠定基础。     

Glucose transport and milk secretion during manipulated plasma insulin and glucose concentrations and during LPS‐induced mastitis in dairy cows

In dairy cows, glucose is essential as energy source and substrate for milk constituents. The objective of this study was to investigate effects of long‐term manipulated glucose and insulin concentrations in combination with a LPS‐induced mastitis on mRNA abundance of glucose transporters and factors involved in milk composition. Focusing on direct effects of insulin and glucose without influence of periparturient endocrine adaptations, 18 dairy cows (28 ± 6 weeks of lactation) were randomly assigned to one of three infusion treatments for 56 h (six animals each). Treatments included a hyperinsulinemic hypoglycaemic clamp (HypoG), a hyperinsulinemic euglycaemic clamp (EuG) and a control group (NaCl). After 48 h of infusions, an intramammary challenge with LPS from E. coli was performed and infusions continued for additional 8 h. Mammary gland biopsies were taken before, at 48 (before LPS challenge) and at 56 h (after LPS challenge) of infusion, and mRNA abundance of genes involved in mammary gland metabolism was measured by RT‐qPCR. During the 48 h of infusions, mRNA abundance of glucose transporters GLUT1, 3, 4, 8, 12, SGLT1, 2) was not affected in HypoG, while they were downregulated in EuG. The mRNA abundance of alpha‐lactalbumin, insulin‐induced gene 1, κ‐casein and acetyl‐CoA carboxylase was downregulated in HypoG, but not affected in EuG. Contrary during the intramammary LPS challenge, most of the glucose transporters were downregulated in NaCl and HypoG, but not in EuG. The mRNA abundance of glucose transporters in the mammary gland seems not to be affected by a shortage of glucose, while enzymes and milk constituents directly depending on glucose as a substrate are immediately downregulated. During LPS‐induced mastitis in combination with hypoglycaemia, mammary gland metabolism was more aligned to save glucose for the immune system compared to a situation without limited glucose availability during EuG.     

基于旁路法的不停电换表技术的研究

为提高电厂抢修效率,改善用户用能体验,在配电线路检修过程中通过更换不停机电表来改进抢修工作,使用不停电换表工具后,现场安装的底座固定了电能表原有的进出线,因而在更换电能表时无须再对进出导线进行拆装工作,实现了电能表进出线的模块化操作,从源头上抑制了因更换电能表引起的错接线可能性.提高工作效率,具有非常明显的现实意义和实...     

SHR大鼠心室肌细胞分离方法改进及其L-型钙电流的观察

文章探索建立简单可靠的SHR大鼠心室肌细胞的分离方法,提高细胞存活率和膜片钳试验成功率。采用Langendorff灌流装置,离体心脏逆向灌流,分离单个SHR大鼠心室肌细胞。使用膜片钳全细胞记录技术,记录大鼠心室肌细胞L-型钙电流。通过对细胞的观察发现,细胞呈长杆状,横纹清晰,细胞膜结构完整。膜片钳全细胞记录到典型的L-型钙电流,激活电位-40 mV,峰值电位0 mV,反转电位+50～+60 mV,呈现出电压依赖性。观察到的L-型钙电流可被钙通道阻滞剂维拉帕米抑制。结果表明,采用的大鼠心肌细胞分离方法可分离制备出适合膜片钳电生理观察的心肌细胞标本。     

双轮夹持排种器的原理及研制

双轮夹持排种靠两个弹性轮子等角速反向转动时连续均匀地夹持、排出种子来实现。根据这种原理,研制出了一种新型排种器——双轮夹持式条播排种器。本文介绍了该排种器的工作原理和设计要点。试验测定表明,该排种器有比较可靠的工作性能,条播均匀性比其它排种器有较大的提高。     

Roles of the Kv1.2, Kv1.5, Kv2.1 potassium channels in hypoxia pulmonary vasoconstriction

AIM: To determine the role of Kv1.2, Kv1.5, Kv2.1 in the hypoxia pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV). METHODS: Male Wistar rats were divided into two groups: normoxic group and hypoxic group. The single smooth muscle cell was obtained from pulmonary artery of Wistar rats with acute enzymatic digestion method. The conventional whole-cell patch clamp technique was used to record the resting membrane potential (Em) and the potassium currents of voltage-gated potassium channel (IKv) in rat pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMC). Intracellular application of Kv1.2/Kv1.5/Kv2.1 antibodies (1∶125) was conducted through the whole-cell patch clamp system. RESULTS: ① Em of PASMC was depolarized after 24 h hypoxia compared with that of control cells . IKv of PASMC was decreased after 24 h hypoxia, . ② The mixture of Kv1.2/Kv1.5/Kv2.1 antibodies depolarized Em and inhibited IKv in PASMC from normoxic rat, whereas the mixture of Kir2.1/Kir2.3/Kir4.1 antibodies had no effects on them. ③ The mixture of Kv1.2/Kv1.5/Kv2.1 antibodies and the mixture of Kir2.1/Kir2.3/Kir4.1 antibodies had no effects on IKv and Em from rats hypoxic for 24 h. CONCLUSION: Kv1.2, Kv1.5, Kv2.1 might be oxygen sensitive potassium channels which mediated HPV.     

水泵试验台快速夹紧机构的研制

水泵试验时，泵与管道的联接一般用法兰及螺栓联接，费时长，劳动强度大，自动化水平低。采用无螺栓联接、液压驱动的快速夹紧机构，能节约换件时间、减轻劳动强度、提高自动化水平。用灰铁制造运动副，使机构稳定性高，耐磨损。运动副用燕尾槽形式，运动间隙可调，磨损能够得到补偿。测压管与被夹紧件处于自由状态，密封面能紧密贴合，使密封可靠。该机构噪音小，占用空间少，生产率高。     

切纸圆刀专用磨床及配套夹具的研制

对造纸行业切纸用的各种小型圆刀结构及研磨设备进行系统研究,研制出专用磨床,并对其传动原理、基本结构、安装调试、配套夹具设计等进行了介绍。     

平鲉微杯虫的扫描电镜观察

扫描电镜观察平鲉微杯虫（Microcotyle sebastisci Yamaguti，1958）显示：该虫中型个体，具口吸盘1对，口吸盘之间可见口孔，具横隔。口孔正下方为一圆形生殖孔，卵纺锤形具双极丝。后吸器鸡冠状，上面对称排列着两行无柄微杯型吸铗，吸铗形状、大小相近。体表具横向皱褶，背面体表具乳头状乳突，腹面体表密披杆状纤毛。[中国水产科学，2006，13（4）：511—516]     

Comparative analysis on cable shielding effectiveness test by absorbing clamp method and line injection method

为分析功率吸收钳法和线注入法电缆屏蔽效能测试方法的可比较性,进行了2种测试方法测试结果关系的推导与分析.介绍了功率吸收钳法和线注入法电缆屏蔽性能测试的原理,推导了表征电缆屏蔽性能的屏蔽衰减与转移阻抗两参数间的关系,利用该关系进行功率吸收钳法和线注入法电缆屏蔽性能测试数据比较分析,结果表明:截止频率以下,由于线注入法受试电缆为电短,屏蔽衰减与电缆长度相关,2种测试方法测试结果不一致;截止频率以上,线注入法与功率吸收钳法受试电缆均为电长,测试结果一致.功率吸收钳法和线注入法测试结果相互关联,2种测试方法具有可比较性.